II. RESEARCH ETHICS

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II. RESEARCH ETHICS
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A. Introduction

• 1. definition ethics is a system of
  recognized rules or
• conduct accepted
  guidelines / standards
• or guidelines for
  moral behavior
• 2. ethics provide the moral dimensions
  of conducting
• research (and living your life)
• gt rightly using the techniques we
  know, NOT the right to use
• the techniques we know
• 3. ethics involves ALL aspects of the
  research
• endeavor
• 4. the central ethics issue is that
  ethics is the central
• issue

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B. Ethical Concerns

• 1. the relationship between science and
  society
• gt to whom is the scientist
  responsible?
• 2. objectivity in data collection and
  analysis
• gt being unremittingly honest
• 3. treatment of the research subject
• a. issues of harm
• 1) right to personal safety
• 2) forms
• a) personal

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• b) psychological
• c) social
• b. examples
• 1) Tuskegee Syphilis Study
  (1932-1972)
• 
  

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• 2) Milgrams (1963)
  Obedience to Authority
• gt the Milgram Shock Box

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• 3) Zimbardos (1973) Stanford
  Prison Study

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• 4) Humphreys Tea Room Trade
• 
  Senator Larry Craig (R, ID)
• New Mens Loo at the Sofitel at
  Queenstown NZ

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• c. protection from harm
• gt minimum information
• d. informed consent
• e. deception
• gt to lie or not to lie
• f. right to privacy
• 1) anonymity
• 2) confidentiality

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C. Institutional Review Boards

• gt at CSUS The Committee for the
  Protection of
• Human Subjects

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D. Discussion

• 1. guide can you rationally explain /
  justify your research
• endeavor without being
  defensive about it
• 2. moral principles
• a. deontology
• 1) absolute morality / ethical
  precepts
• 2) inviolable moral principles
• b. teleology
• 1) dynamic morality
• 2) ends justifies the means
• 3) the utilitarian principle

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• 3. scientific obligation
• a. responds to the question, Does
  the scientist bear any
• responsibility to consider how
  his/her findings may be
• used?
• b. what responsibility does the
  scientist bear in the manner
• in which his/her research is
  conducted?
• 4. objectivity and neutrality
• gt the notion of value free science

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E. Summary

• 1. ethics is fluid, be fluid
• 2. be cognizant of doing the right
  thing
• 3. each stage of the research process
  must be ethically
• scrutinized
• 4. be aware that abuse comes in many
  forms and is
• always possible