Snowbowl

1
Snowbowl

• A brief overview

2
The controversyover snowmaking
3
The Debate

• The San Francisco Peaks have long been the source
  of land-use conflicts
• The resort is seeking to manufacture extra snow
  using wastewater from the city of Flagstaff.
• The San Francisco Peaks are sacred to 13 tribes,
  and these tribes strongly oppose the use of
  wastewater on the mountain.

4
History of Snowbowl

• 1872 Mining Law
• 1948 Arizona grants Native Americans the right to
  vote.
• 1969 The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
  was a Congressional effort to ensure that federal
  agencies consider the effects of their proposed
  actions on the environment.
• 1978The American Indian Religious Freedom Act
  (AIRFA) was originally intended to protect all
  forms of Native American spiritual practices, but
  the law failed to protect sacred sites in
  subsequent court tests.
• 2002 July. Sacred land protection legislation was
  introduced at the federal level and in
  California.
• 2004 February. Forest Service issues the Draft
  Environmental Impact Statement on proposed
  Snowbowl development which indicates its support
  for the plan to make snow from reclaimed
  wastewater
• 2004 February 2, Save the Peaks Coalition
• 2005 June 10, The US Forest Service gave Arizona
  Snowbowl approval to make artificial snow.
• 2006 January Ruling. (in favor of Arizona
  Snowbowl allowing them artificial snow to be made
  for skiing.)

5
Support of reclaimed water

• The present-day Arizona Snow Bowl ski area hosts
  30,000 to 180,000 visitors per year .
• Visitor numbers fluctuate according to the
  snowfall, hence the resort is seeking to
  manufacture extra snow using wastewater from the
  city of Flagstaff.

6
Opposition to reclaimed water

• The Peaks are sacred ground to the Navajo, the
  Havasupai, and the Hopi, Zuni, Hualapai, Yavapai
  and five Apache tribes.
• http//savethepeaks.org/savethepeaks/pagetemp/back
  ground.html
• www.sacredlands.org
• Some environmentalists are also in opposition to
  the use of reclaimed waste water.
• http//www.sierraclub.org/wildlands/report_1999/ma
  p.asp

7
Sources

• http//www.savethepeaks.org/savethepeaks/pagetemp/
  background.html
• www.sacredlands.org
• http//www.sierraclub.org/wildlands/report_1999/ma
  p.asp
• http//www.csmonitor.com/2005/0330/p03s01-ussc.htm
  lmap
• http//www.savethepeaks.org/snowbowleffect/news1.h
  tml
• http//www.cpluhna.nau.edu/Places/san_francisco_pe
  aks2.htm