Prevention Research Centers Bridging Research to Practice

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Prevention Research Centers Bridging Research to
Practice
Eduardo Simoes, MD, MSc, MPH Program
Director Prevention Research Centers Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention
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Prevention Research CentersTopics

• How PRC Program and HPRI complement each other
• How PRC Program ensures high-quality research
• PRC Program emphasis on translation and adoption
  of tested interventions
• Resources and experiences of PRCs useful to HPRI
  researchers

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Prevention Research Centers
University of Rochester
State University of New York at Albany
University of
University of Illinois at Chicago
Washington at Seattle
University of Minnesota
University of
Oregon Health and Sciences University
Michigan
Harvard University
West Virginia
University
Boston University
Yale University
University of Iowa
Columbia University
University of Pittsburgh
University of
The Johns Hopkins University
California
University of Colorado
at Berkeley
St. Louis
University
University of Kentucky
University of
University of Oklahoma
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
California
University of Arizona
at Los Angeles
University of New Mexico
University of South Carolina
San Diego State University
Texas AM University
Morehouse School of Medicine
Tulane University
Emory University
University of
Alabama at
Birmingham
University of Texas Health Science Center at
Houston
University of South Florida
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Prevention Research CentersCollaborators

• Multidisciplinary, academic researchers
• State and local public health practitioners
• Community partners

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Prevention Research CentersCommunities Are
Partners

• Help set research priorities
• Articulate community values
• Help recruit partner organizations
• Participate in delivering interventions
• Reflect local attitudes and beliefs

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Prevention Research CentersExamples of
Communities

• African Americans and Latinos in Harlem
• Mexican Americans on the Arizona-Mexico border
• American Indians in New Mexico and Oregon
• Public housing residents in Boston
• Residents of rural Missouri and Appalachia
• Migrant workers in South Florida
• Adolescents and elderly residents in multiple
  regions

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Prevention Research CentersResearch Settings

• Schools
• Homes
• Communities
• Workplaces
• Healthcare settings

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Trust
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Prevention Research CentersStrong Community
Relations

• Buy-in and support for research
• Enhanced capacity or increased social capital
• Increased likelihood of adopting and sustaining
  change
• Model for comparable communities in which
  research can be replicated

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Prevention Research CentersNIH Support for
Special Interest Projects

• 1991 NIH asked PRCs to conduct community
  prevention arm of the Womens Health Initiative
• Since 2002 NCI funds several PRCs to form the
  Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network

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Complementary Mechanisms Differences

• PRC
• Cooperative agreements
• Networks of investigators
• Community-initiated
• Research in diverse settings
• Focus on research to evaluate effectiveness
  translational power of public health strategies

• HPRI
• Grants
• Individual investigators
• Investigator-initiated
• Emphasis on workplace setting
• Focus on research to test specific interventions

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Complementary Mechanisms Similarities

• PRC HPRI
• Focus on health disparities and underserved
  populations
• Support training of the public health workforce
• Share expert faculty

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Prevention Research Centers Program Conceptual
Framework
OUTCOMES
INPUTS
ACTIVITIES
OUTPUTS
Evaluation
National, Regional, or Local Health
Conduct Core
Programs and
Translation of
and
Priorities and Health Disparities
Interventions
Research
Other
Engage
to Practice
Research
the
and Policy
Using Sound
Community
PRC Capacity
Research
Human resources

Methods
core expertise,
Widespread
diversity,
Use of
PRC
sensitivity
Effective
Provide Training, Technical Assistance,
or Mentoring
Community

Facility
Programs and
Policies
Committee

Communication and
Establish
data systems
a Research

Administrative
Agenda
capacity
Enhanced

Researchers

Evaluation expertise
Community
Practitioners

Capacity

• Relationships with Partners
• State and Local Health Departments
• Community Partners
• University Partners
• Other PRCs
• CDC

Students

for
Trainees and
Community
Prevention

Technical Assistance
Members
Recipients
Skilled
Public Health
Professionals
Expanded
Recognition
Resources
CONTEXTUAL CONDITIONS
(e.g., health services and service gaps,
socioeconomic conditions)
Revised, January 28, 2003 (10)
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Prevention Research CentersClassifying Case
Studies

• Effective
• Sound experimental design
• Controlled for potential sources of bias
• Outcome measures are of statistical and public
  health significance
• Disseminated
• Successfully implemented in populations other
  than the original study population

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Prevention Research CentersQuestions About
Dissemination

• Can design anticipate dissemination?
• What factors promote or impede dissemination?
• Do partnerships affect dissemination?
• Can policy influence dissemination?

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Prevention Research Centers www.cdc.gov/prc

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Prevention Research CentersClassifying Case
Studies

• Effective
• Sound experimental design
• Controlled for potential sources of bias
• Outcome measures are of statistical and public
  health significance
• Disseminated
• Successfully implemented in populations other
  than the original study population