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1
EVALUATION OF LOW PRESSURE LIQUID ATOMIZERS FOR
BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL IN ARBOREAL CROPS
Sehsah, El-Sayed G. Albert S. Kleisinger
2

• Introduction
• Objectives
• Materials and methods
• Results and discussions
• Summary and Conclusions.

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Contents
3
Introduction

• Plant protection in organic fruit growing means
  application of abrasive or sensitive plant
  protection products (PPP) with high demands
  on distribution, penetration and coverage
• Low pressure application in field growing is
  possible with standard flat-fan nozzles at
  liquid pressures below 100 kPa
• In organic fruit growing there is a growing
  demand for low pressure application of
  living organisms and pressure sensitive or
  abrasive PPP
• Knowledge on low pressure agitation of poor
  suspend able PPP (silicate, stone meal etc.)
  is already available

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Introduction
4
Introduction

• Plant protection in organic fruit growing means
  application of abrasive or sensitive plant
  protection products (PPP) with high demands
  on distribution, penetration and coverage
• Low pressure application in field growing is
  possible with standard flat-fan nozzles at
  liquid pressures below 100 kPa
• In organic fruit growing there is a growing
  demand for low pressure application of
  living organisms and pressure sensitive or
  abrasive PPP
• Knowledge on low pressure agitation of poor
  suspend able PPP (silicate, stone meal etc.)
  is already available

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Introduction
5
Introduction

• Plant protection in organic fruit growing means
  application of abrasive or sensitive plant
  protection products (PPP) with high demands
  on distribution, penetration and coverage
• Low pressure application in field growing is
  possible with standard flat-fan nozzles at
  liquid pressures below 100 kPa
• In organic fruit growing there is a growing
  demand for low pressure application of
  living organisms and pressure sensitive or
  abrasive PPP
• Knowledge on low pressure agitation of poor
  suspend able PPP (silicate, stone meal etc.)
  is already available

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Introduction
6
Introduction

• Plant protection in organic fruit growing means
  application of abrasive or sensitive plant
  protection products (PPP) with high demands
  on distribution, penetration and coverage
• Low pressure application in field growing is
  possible with standard flat-fan nozzles at
  liquid pressures below 100 kPa
• In organic fruit growing there is a growing
  demand for low pressure application of
  living organisms and pressure sensitive or
  abrasive PPP
• Knowledge on low pressure agitation of poor
  suspendable PPP (silicate, stone meal etc.)
  is already available

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Introduction
7
Objectives

• Low pressure application (lt 1 bar) of living
  organisms in spatial crops
• Study the effect of low pressure atomizers -
  rotary cage atomizer - external mixing twin
  fluid nozzleon the survival rate of living
  organisms (Trichogramma Brassica, Encarsia
  Formosa)
• Compare this low pressure atomizers to the
  standard flat- fan nozzle like used in field
  crops

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Objectives
8
Objectives

• Low pressure application (lt 1 bar) of living
  organisms in spatial crops
• Study the effect of low pressure atomizers -
  rotary cage atomizer - external mixing twin
  fluid nozzleon the survival rate of living
  organisms (Trichogramma Brassica, Encarsia
  Formosa)
• Compare this low pressure atomizers to the
  standard flat- fan nozzle like used in field
  crops

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Objectives
9
Objectives

• Low pressure application (lt 1 bar) of living
  organisms in spatial crops
• Study the effect of low pressure atomizers -
  rotary cage atomizer - external mixing twin
  fluid nozzleon the survival rate of living
  organisms (Trichogramma Brassica, Encarsia
  Formosa)
• Compare this low pressure atomizers to the
  standard flat- fan nozzle like used in field
  crops

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Objectives
10
Diagram of the laboratory test setup
El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Materials and methods
11
Rotary cage atomizer unit (Proptec 100)
El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Materials and methods
12
External mixing Twin-fluid nozzle
TT11003VP TT11004VP TT11005VP
El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Materials and methods
13
External mixing Twin-fluid nozzle
El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Materials and methods
14
Atomizer setup

• Rotary cage atomizer- rotational speed 1000,
  2000, 3000, 4000 rpm- liquid pressure 50 kPa
• External mixing twin-fluid nozzle - air
  nozzle FT 5.0-608 (Lechler)- liquid
  nozzle TT11003, TT11004, TT11005 (Spraying
  Systems)- air pressure 200 kPa- liquid
  pressure 50 kPa- injection angle 40
  degree
• Standard flat-fan nozzle- nozzle size XR8003,
  XR8004, XR8005- liquid pressure 100 kPa

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Materials and methods
15

• The living organisms were - host eggs of
  Trichogramma Brassica - loose pupa of Encarsia
  Formosa
• The control sample was collected from the end of
  the liquid line without atomizer
• The organisms were filtered out of the spray
  fluid, dried, stored under ambient temperature
  and counted for living individuals after 14 days

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Materials and methods
16
Rotary cage atomizer (Proptec) - effect of
rotational speedon T. Brassica and E. Formosa
El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Results and discussion
17
Rotary cage atomizer (Proptec) - effect of
rotational speedon T. Brassica and E. Formosa

• The viability reduction is highly correlated to
  the rotational speed of the cage atomizer
• E. Formosa is more sensitive to mechanical
  strain than T. Brassica, because the loose
  pupa of E.Formosa are bigger than the host
  eggs of T. Brassica

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Results and discussion
18
External mixing twin-fluid nozzle - effect of
liquid nozzle size, liquid pressure and air jet
on Living organisms
El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Results and discussion
19
External mixing twin-fluid nozzle - effect of
liquid nozzle size, liquid pressure and air jet
on Living organisms

• The contribution of the air jet to the
  viability reduction of the living organisms
  was non significant
• The viability reduction was negatively
  correlated to the fluid nozzle size

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Results and discussion
20
Standard flat-fan nozzle - effect of standard
nozzle and liquid pressure on Living organisms
El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Results and discussion
21
Standard flat-fan nozzle - effect of standard
nozzle and liquid pressure on Living organisms

• The viability reduction was negatively
  correlated to the fluid nozzle size
• Especially E. Formosa profits from increasing
  liquid nozzle size

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Results and discussion
22
Comparison between the three tested liquid
atomizers
El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
Results and discussion
23
Conclusions

• In this laboratory experiment it could be shown
  that a low pressure atomization (lt100 kPa) of
  living organisms suspended in water is possible
• The viability reduction rates which are already
  below the standard field application can even be
  improved at the expense of increased droplet
  sizes
• Particularly the results of the external mixing
  twin-fluid nozzle are very promising
• The tested low pressure liquid atomizers are
  usable forthe application of any PPP

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
24
Conclusions

• In this laboratory experiment it could be shown
  that a low pressure atomization (lt100 kPa) of
  living organisms suspended in water is possible
• The viability reduction rates which are already
  below the standard field application can even be
  improved at the expense of increased droplet
  sizes
• Particularly the results of the external mixing
  twin-fluid nozzle are very promising
• The tested low pressure liquid atomizers are
  usable forthe application of any PPP

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
25
Conclusions

• In this laboratory experiment it could be shown
  that a low pressure atomization (lt100 kPa) of
  living organisms suspended in water is possible
• The viability reduction rates which are already
  below the standard field application can even be
  improved at the expense of increased droplet
  sizes
• Particularly the results of the external mixing
  twin-fluid nozzle are very promising
• The tested low pressure liquid atomizers are
  usable forthe application of any PPP

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
26
Conclusions

• In this laboratory experiment it could be shown
  that a low pressure atomization (lt100 kPa) of
  living organisms suspended in water is possible
• The viability reduction rates which are already
  below the standard field application can even be
  improved at the expense of increased droplet
  sizes
• Particularly the results of the external mixing
  twin-fluid nozzle are very promising
• The tested low pressure liquid atomizers are
  usable forthe application of any PPP

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
27
Conclusions

• In this laboratory experiment it could be shown
  that a low pressure atomization (lt100 kPa) of
  living organisms suspended in water is possible
• The viability reduction rates which are already
  below the standard field application can even be
  improved at the expense of increased droplet
  sizes
• Particularly the results of the external mixing
  twin-fluid nozzle are very promising
• The tested low pressure liquid atomizers are
  usable forthe application of any PPP

El-Sayed Sehsah Gerhard Albert Siegfried
Kleisinger
28
EVALUATION OF LOW PRESSURE LIQUID ATOMIZERS FOR
BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL IN SPATIAL CROPS
Thank You For Your Attention
Sehsah, El-Sayed G. Albert S. Kleisinger