Anatomy and Physiology Segment Test Review Chapters 15

1

• Anatomy and Physiology Segment Test Review
  Chapters 1-5
• Chapter 1 Test Review
• study of functional processes of body
• study of cells
• study of tissues
• molecules cells - ____ -____ - ____
• name 7 organ systems and their primary role
• What are 3 examples of functional characteristics
  of life?
• What are 3 survival needs of living organisms?
• What are the divisions of the dorsal cavity?
• What are the divisions of the ventral cavity?

2

• Chapter 1
• Membrane surrounding the walls of the ventral
  cavity and the outer surfaces of organs
• parietal serosa covers
• visceral serosa covers
• feedback that responds in opposite direction of
  stimulus, output shuts off original stimulus
• maintaining stable conditions
• plane aka horizontal cut
• plane separating body into unequal left and right
• plane separating body into equal left and right
• simon sayspoint to
• anterior
• posterior

3

• Chapter 1
• dorsal
• ventral
• superior
• inferior
• medial

4

• Chapter 2-3
• What is the molecule 1?
• This polar molecule is known as the universal
  ____?
• What is molecule 2?
• 4, 5, 6, 7. List the 4 types of organic
  compounds that make up living things.

5

• Chapter 2-3
• What are the molecules on the bottom? (hint
  NH2 is known as an amine group, COOH is known as
  carboxyl group)
• These molecules are the building blocks of what
  organic compound?

6

• Chapter 2-3
• What is happening in this reaction?
• What are the name of the organic reactants in the
  reaction below?
• What are the name of the products?
• C6H12O6 C6H12O6 ? C12H22O11 H2O
• The picture below illustrates a building block
  molecule of a group of organic compounds. What
  is the name of this building block?
• What organic compound is a combination of these
  building blocks?

7

• Chapter 2-3
• What does this illustration represent?
• What is the main organic compound that makes up
  this structure (labeled _____)?
• What are the large oblong structures labeled ____?

8

• Chapter 2-3
• Name 5 organelles of the cell and a very brief
  (word) explanation of function.
• 18.
• 19.
• 20.
• 21.
• 22.

9

• Chapter 2-3
• What do these 4 pictures represent?
• Identify phase labeled A?
• Identify phase labeled B?
• Identify phase labeled C?

C
A
B
10

• Chapter 2-3 Protein synthesis
• 27. What is the process taking place from
  molecule 1 to 2?
• 28. What process is occurring at step 4?
• 29. What is the final product (5) of this
  biological pathway?
• 30. What category of molecules do the
  abbreviations Ser, Gly, Ile represent?

11

• Chapter 2-3
• 1. Water
• 2. solvent
• 3. carbohydrate, monosaccharide
• 4. -7. protein, carbohydrate, lipids, nucleic
  acid
• 8. amino acids
• 9. protein, polypeptide
• 10. Dehydratin synthesis, anabolism, (mono
  mono)
• 11. monosaccharide, glucose
• 12. disaccharide, sucrose water
• 13. nucleotide
• 14. DNA/RNA
• 15. cell membrane

• 16. lipid, phospholipids
• 17. proteins
• 18. ribosomes
• 19. mitochondria
• 20. Golgi
• 21. lysosome
• 22. Endoplasmic Reticulum
• 23. mitosis, nuclear division
• 24. prophase
• 25. metaphase
• 26. anaphase
• 27. transcription (DNA ?mRNA)
• 28. Translation
• 29. protein
• 30. amino acids

12

• Chapter 4
• Tissues Test Review
• give the levels of biological organization
  starting with the basic unit of life
• what are groups of cells with common function
• root epi
• what are the four tissue types
• what are germ layers and how do they relate to
  tissues

13

• Chapter 4
• what tissues all arise from mesenchyme
• what are the four main types of connective tissue
• ductless glands, aka ___ glands
• ground substance fibers
• earwax
• most abundant protein in body
• type of cartilage of verterbral comlumn
• type of cartilage of ear and epiglottis, more
  flexible

14

• Chapter 4
• osseous tissue, aka ___
• epithelial tissue always has a basement membrane
  and a top surface called ___
• many layers of flattened cells
• single layer of boxed shaped cells
• probable area to find simple cuboidal cells
• what is/are the function(s) of most simple
  epithelial cells
• another name for red blood cells and another name
  for white blood cells (indicate which is which)

15

• Chapter 4
• three basic structural parts of neuron
• which type of loose connective tissue functions
  include energy storage, insulation, organ cushion
• most common type of connective tissue
• avascular connective tissue comprised mainly of
  water
• spindle shaped muscles controlling involuntary
  actions of blood vessels and intestines

16

• Chapter 4
• specialized immune cells that eat foreign
  material
• voluntary muscle with many striations
• what causes the striations in skeletal muscle
• where in body would we find stratified squamous
  cells
• where in the body would we find skeletal muscle
• where in the body would we find simple ciliated
  columnar cells
• what makes up the brush border
• tissue type that is irritable and able to conduct
  messages
• what are the steps of tissue repair

17

• Test Review Chapter 5 Integument
• two main layers of the skin
• what are the five layers of the epidermis
  starting from the top down
• what layer of the epidermis contains melanocytes
• what is the most actively dividing layer of the
  epidermis
• what are the two layers of the dermis
• What is the predominant tissue type of the dermis
• what is the layer found below the dermis

18

• Chapter 5
• what is the predominant cell type of the
  hypodermis
• where the hair root is embedded into dermis
• nerve receptors of the skin that detect light
  pressure
• specialized leukocytes found in the epidermis
  that help activate the immune response
• uncontrolled cell growth
• waterproofing protein that is the main component
  of outer epidermal layers

19

• Chapter 5
• list three jobs of the integument
• tears in dermis, stretch marks (aka. ?)
• pigment producing cells of epidermis, pigment
  helps shield nuclei of cells
• eccrine sweat glands, aka ?
• glands producing earwax
• smooth muscle attached to hair follicle
• ABCD rule
• most common type of skin cancerthink germinating
  layer

20

• Chapter 5
• glands found in the axillary and anogenital areas
  possibly acting as sexual scent glands, secretion
  contributes to body odor
• most abundant cells of epidermis
• layer of epidermis only found in thick skin
• 3 jobs of the integument

21

• Overview
• levels of organizations (atoms ? )
• DNA nucleotide sequence codes for proteins
• Histology
• functional characteristics of life
• survival needs
• feedback mechanisms
• anatomical position
• body cavities (dorsal, ventral, thoracic)
• body planes

22

• speed of reaction rates
• chemical bonds
• proteins, carbohydrates, lipids
• enzymes
• isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic solutions
• cell membrane and cell organelles
• microvilli
• phagocytosis
• mitosis
• Transcription DNA to RNA base pairing
• Translation
• RNA to RNA base pairing
• DNA replication

23

• cell theory
• Histology
• Levels of organization cells ? tissues
• 4 tissue types examples of each type and
  difference amongst group (ex. types of
  epithelial)
• Integumentary roles
• layers of the epidermis and dermis

24

• touch receptors in skin
• Langerhans cells
• burns