American Psychological Association APA Tips

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American Psychological Association (APA) Tips
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What is APA?

• The original definition a standard of
  procedures, to which exceptions would doubtless
  be necessary, but to which reference might be
  made in case of doubt.
• A formatting guide for APA authors
• A guide for authors, editors, students, typists,
  and publishers, members of undergraduate and
  graduate departments of psychology
• A guide used by students of anthropology,
  education, linguistics, political science,
  sociology, etc.

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APA Tips Reminders
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Where to use APA documentation

• In-text notes
• References

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In-text APA requires

• Authors last name
• Publication year
• Curran (2006) observed that Toth might be
  helpful in EDFI 641 (p. 16).

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General guidelines for expression of numbers

• Use words to express numbers below 10.
• Use numerals to express numbers 10 and above.
• One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight,
  nine
• 10, 11, 12, 13, etc.
• (See pp. 122-130 in the Publication Manual of the
  APA for more details.)

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APA block quotations

• A quotation of 40 or more words is formatted
  block style.
• Begin the block quotation on a new line.
• Quotation marks are not used to enclose to
  blocked material.
• Double quotation marks are used to signify quoted
  material within the block quotation.
• The entire quotation should be double spaced.
• A period is placed before the parenthesis
  enclosing the page number.

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If you cite more than one work written by the
same author and published in the same year, place
a lower case a, b, and so on after the date to
distinguish between or among the works.

• (Curran, 2006a)
• (Curran, 2006b)

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Headings

• Refer to pp. 113-115 in Publication of APA (Fifth
  Edition).

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All citations in-text correlate to entries in the
reference list.
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Important sections of the Publication Manual of
the APA (Fifth Edition)

• Examples of various references (pp. 239-281)
• Sample title page (p .306)
• Sample Abstract (p. 306)
• Sample paper (pp. 306-312)
• Sample References (pp. 313-314)

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In APA documentation, page numbers--

• may be given for indirect quotations
• must be given for direct quotations

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Rememberdocument each source as you use it.
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Academic Honesty

• careful research careful writing adherence to
  a discipline-specific formatting system.

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Ways to achieve academic honesty

• Represent your work carefully and accurately.
• Represent the work of others carefully
  accurately.
• Give credit to those on whose work you have
  relied.
• Respect the guidelines of the formatting system
  you are using.
• Use reliable sources.
• Revise your work carefully. In doubt, ask your
  instructor and/or a mentor.
• Visit with a writing consultant in the Writing
  Center to give you feedback about your revisions.

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Academic honesty is part of the research and
writing process from the creation of the research
question through to the final keyboard click. It
requires that you handle your research and
writing seriously, take responsibility for it
through various stages and that you release it in
a form which is respectful to you and your
readers.