Comsats, Internet

1
Comsats, Internet new media

• McLuhans Global village is a reality today
• Nations that develop communication technology
  will command both economic and political power.
• For all those who have lived in other countries,
  how does calling long distance compare to what we
  have in the US?

2
Rapid changes in communication

• More channels-more information
• Merger of science, technology and communication
• Name a few countries where this communication
  revolution is taking place?
• Are these countries more developed then others
  where communication technology is still in its
  infancy?

3
Origins of Global Media

• Followed long after local and national media.
  Only a 20th century phenomenon
• Invention of printing press rise of literacy
  emergence of journalism modern
  notion of self-informed government.
• What was happening politically during 15-18th
  century that sowed the seeds for setting Global
  media? Global trade?

4
15-18th Century

• Intention to expand the empire during 15-18th
  century
• Movement of peoples (slave trade)
• Movement of capital (exploitation of colonies)
• Labor and raw materials came from colonies.
• Were used to set up industry in the ruling
  countries.
• It weakened the native systems and created a
  dependency relations among ruled nations.

5

• Name a few countries that have colonized/ruled
  other countries?
• Are they developed?
• Name a few that have been colonized?
• Are they developed?
• Name the languages of the countries that ruled
  other countries?
• What are the six official languages of the UN?
• English, Arabic, French, Chinese, Spanish,
  Russian?

6

• Wealth accrued in the West.
• Earlier communication systems were designed to
  help the colonizers
• Even today the communication centers remain..in
  the western countries. London, New York, Paris.
• Modern capitalism --crucial in moving media
  outside of national boundaries.
• So in an unequal world, western media
  governments, and media corporation would become
  primary even exclusive architects of global
  media.

7

• Presently, only print media is national.
• Mainly due to language barriers.
• Film and Broadcasting-first global media
• By 1914, 85 of worlds film going public was
  watching American films.
• By 1945, 2/3 of Radio receivers were in the US
  and Great Britain.
• 60 of todays Hollywood revenues come from
  outside the US.

8
Global media in the 21st century

• Media owned by Multinationals (MNC) continues to
  strengthen.
• Media expenditure is growing faster than GDP
  (Gross Domestic Product) everywhere in the world.
• Resistance to the US media, mainly films grew in
  some European and Latin American countries
  (France, Brazil etc.)

9
Post war era US Hegemony and TNC Dominance

• Hegemony leadership or dominance of the ruling
  class.
• After WW II the US emerged as the world power.
• New form of colonialism went underwayvia global
  media
• IMF and World Bank were used to open markets
  other wise closed to US.

10
What facilitated US dominance?

• Communication networks set up by colonizers.
• Widespread use of English language by the
  colonies..due to British rule
• Some developing countries have come up with home
  programming.
• But most still rely on programming from developed
  countries.