Toolkits for GeoScience Visualization

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Toolkits forGeoScience Visualization

• Dave Nadeau, John Moreland
• SDSC

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Tools for custom visualization

• Lots of great GeoVis tools out there
• What if you need something custom?
• Convert to/from a custom file format
• Analyze and filter data
• Custom visualization and interaction
• Lets look at some toolkits for building tools

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Tools for custom visualization

• Java Image I/O
• GeoTIFF
• Java OpenGL
• GeoTools
• WorldWind
• NetCDF

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Java Image I/O

• Sun Java toolkit for image file read/write
• Many formats
• BMP, GIF, PNG, JPEG, JPEG2000, TIFF
• Also use advanced imaging toolkit for filtering
• Standard part of Java
• http//java.sun.com/

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Java Image I/O example

• Get an image reader

ImageInputStream stream ImageIO.createImageI
nputStream(file) IteratorltImageReadergt it
ImageIO.getImageReaders(stream) ImageReader
reader it.next() reader.setInput(stream)
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Java Image I/O example

• Read the image
• Display the image

BufferedImage image reader.read(0)
ImageIcon icon new ImageIcon(image) Jlabel
label new Jlabel(icon) frame.add(label,Border
Layout.CENTER)
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Java Image I/O example
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GeoTIFF

• TIFF image format with Geo tags
• Coordinate space, position, extent
• Readable by TIFF tools (Java Image I/O)
• GeoTIFF metadata adapter understands tags
• Open Source
• http//remotesensing.org/geotiff/
• http//gelbin.org/code/

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GeoTIFF example

• Get a TIFF image reader (same!)

ImageInputStream stream ImageIO.createImageI
nputStream(file) IteratorltImageReadergt it
ImageIO.getImageReaders(stream) ImageReader
reader it.next() reader.setInput(stream)
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GeoTIFF example

• Read the image (same!)
• Display the image (same!)

BufferedImage image reader.read(0)
ImageIcon icon new ImageIcon(image) Jlabel
label new Jlabel(icon) frame.add(label,Border
Layout.CENTER)
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GeoTIFF example

• Get the GeoTIFF metadata

IIOMetadata meta reader.getImageMetadata(0) Geo
TiffIIOMetadataAdapter ameta new
GeoTiffIIOMetadataAdapter(meta) String value
ameta.getGeoKey(key)
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GeoTIFF example

• Available keys
• GTModelTypeGeoKey
• GTRasterTypeGeoKey
• GTCitationGeoKey
• GeographicTypeGeoKey
• GeogCitationGeoKey
• GeogGeodeticDatumGeoKey
• GeogPrimeMeridianGeoKey
• GeogPrimeMeridianLongGeoKey
• GeogLinearUnitsGeoKey
• GeogLinearUnitSizeGeoKey
• GeogAngularUnitsGeoKey
• GeogAngularUnitsSizeGeoKey
• GeogEllipsoidGeoKey
• GeogSemiMajorAxisGeoKey
• GeogSemiMinorAxisGeoKey
• GeogInvFlatteningGeoKey
• GeogAzimuthUnitsGeoKey

• ProjCenterLongGeoKey
• ProjCenterLatGeoKey
• ProjCenterEastingGeoKey
• ProjCenterNorthingGeoKey
• ProjScaleAtNatOriginGeoKey
• ProjScaleAtCenterGeoKey
• ProjAzimuthAngleGeoKey
• ProjStraightVertPoleLongGeoKey
• VerticalCSTypeGeoKey
• VerticalCitationGeoKey
• VerticalDatumGeoKey
• VerticalUnitsGeoKey

• ProjectedCSTypeGeoKey
• PCSCitationGeoKey
• ProjectionGeoKey
• ProjCoordTransGeoKey
• ProjLinearUnitsGeoKey
• ProjLinearUnitSizeGeoKey
• ProjStdParallel1GeoKey
• ProjStdParallel2GeoKey
• ProjNatOriginLongGeoKey
• ProjNatOriginLatGeoKey
• ProjFalseEastingGeoKey
• ProjFalseNorthingGeoKey
• ProjFalseOriginLongGeoKey
• ProjFalseOriginLatGeoKey
• ProjFalseOriginEastingGeoKey
• ProjFalseOriginNorthingGeoKey

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GeoTIFF example
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Java OpenGL (JOGL)

• Sun Java toolkit for OpenGL 3D drawing
• Uses native OpenGL to 3D graphics hardware
• Integrates with rest of Java toolkit
• Not part of Java distribution, but easily added
• https//jogl.dev.java.net/

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Java OpenGL (JOGL)

• Draw points, lines, polygons
• Control point line size, line patterns, polygon
  fill, color, texture
• Control 3D lighting
• All done at hardware speeds

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JOGL example polygons

• Set a drawing color
• Draw a polygon

gl.glColor3f(r,g,b)
gl.glBegin(GL.GL_POLYGON) gl.glVertex3f(x,y,z
) ... gl.glEnd()
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JOGL example polygons
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JOGL example images

• Create texture from graphics context
• Draw shape using texture

Texture tex TextureIO.newTexture(file,false) gl.
glEnable(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D) tex.bind() tex.enable
()
gl.glTexCoord2f(s,t) gl.glVertex3f(x,y,z)
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JOGL example images
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GeoTools

• Toolkit implementing OGC GeoAPI
• Read/write many file formats
• Features, images, geometry, coord spaces
• WMS, WFS
• Open source
• http//geotools.codehaus.org/

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GeoTools example Shapefile

• Create a data store to read a file
• Get the first feature source

DataStore dataStore FileDataStoreFinder.getD
ataStore(url)
String names dataStore.getTypeNames() Feature
Source source dataStore.getFeatureSource(nam
es0)
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GeoTools example Shapefile

• Create a map context
• Add feature source to context

CoordinateReferenceSystem crs
CRS.decode(EPSG4326) DefaultMapContext
context new DefaultMapContext(crs)
context.addLayer(source,new BasicLineStyle())
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GeoTools example Shapefile

• Draw the map context

MapContextPanel panel new MapContextPanel() pan
el.setContext(context) frame.add(panel,BorderLayo
ut.CENTER)
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GeoTools example Shapefile
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NetCDF

• Network Common Data Form
• File format toolkit to read/write
  multidimensional data (eg Volumes)
• Support for many programming languages (such as
  Java)
• University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
  (UCAR) / UNAVCO
• http//www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf/

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NetCDF

• Variables hold multidimensional data values
• char, byte, short, int, float, double
• Attributes hold meta-data
• Units, names, scale factors, etc.
• Attributes can be global or associated with each
  variable

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NetCDF example

• Open a NetCDF file
• Get data variables

NetcdfFile ncfile NetcdfFile.open(file)
List variables ncfile.getVariables() Variable
var (Variable)variables.get(i) Array array
var.read()
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NetCDF example

• Get variable dimensions
• Get voxels

int rank var.getRank() int shape
array.getShape()
double voxel ((ArrayDouble.D3)array).get(i,j
,k)
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NetCDF example

• Get global or variable attributes
• Get attribute type and value

List glist ncfile.getGlobalAttributes() List
vlist var.getAttributes() Attribute attrib
vlist.get(i)
DataType type attrib.getDataType() Number num
attrib.getNumericValue(i) String str
attrib.getStringValue(i)
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NetCDF example

• Build an image

BufferedImage image new BufferedImage(w,h) int
gray (int)(voxel 255) int rgba (grayltlt24)
(grayltlt16) ... image.setRGB(row,col,rgba)
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NetCDF example
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NASA World Wind (NWW)

• Open-Source Google Earth
• Toolkit (modular library for building
  applications)
• Versions for .NET (Windows) and Java (Mac,
  Windows, UNIX)
• Tiled Terrain and Images, WMS, Plug-in Layers, 3D
  Rendering (JOGL)
• NASA / ARC (Ames Research Center)
• http//worldwind.arc.nasa.gov/

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NWW HelloWorldWind example

• Create a canvas
• Set a data model
• Add canvas to your application interface

WorldWindGLCanvas c new WorldWindGLCanvas()
c.setModel( new BasicModel() )
frame.add( c )
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NWW HelloWorldWind output
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NWW LayerDemo example

• Create a surface image
• Make it semi-transparent
• Add the image to a renderable layer

SurfaceImage si new SurfaceImage( Map.png,
Sector.fromDegrees(35, 45, -115, -95) )
si.setOpacity( 0.7 )
RenderableLayer rl new RenderableLayer() rl.add
Renderable( si )
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NWW LayerDemo example

• Get the LayerList from the model
• Add our image layer

LayerList layers model.getLayers( )
layers.add( layers.size(), rl )
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NWW LayerDemo output
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NWW WmsDemo example

• Create a WMS Layer
• Get the LayerList from the model
• Add the WMS layer

OpenStreetMapLayer osnewOpenStreetMapLayer()
LayerList layers model.getLayers( )
layers.add( layers.size(), os )
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NWW WmsDemo output
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Conclusions

• Lots of good Java toolkits available
• Image I/O Sun Java Image I/O
• Image filtering Sun Java Advanced Imaging
• GeoTIFF GeoTools, WorldWind, GeoTIFF adapter
• Movie I/O Sun Java Media Framework
• Shapefile I/O GeoTools
• Volume I/O NetCDF, HDF
• Metadata Sun Java Metadata Interface
• GUIs Sun JDK, SwingX
• 3D Sun JOGL, Sun Java3D
• Projections GeoTools, SRI GeoTransform
• GML, WFS GeoTools
• WMS GeoTools, WorldWind
• Net protocols Sun JDK, Apache Commons net, Apache
  HTTP components
• Web protocols Sun Metro, Apache Web Services
• lots more

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Open Earth Framework

• Services architecture
• Server-side data management, filtering,
  pre-processing
• Client-side presentation, interaction
• Java toolkit
• Integrates other toolkits
• Adds missing GeoVis functionality
• In development