Chapter 10

1
Chapter 10 The Muscular System Axial
Musculature
Tongue, Pharynx, Anterior Neck Muscles
Perineal and Pelvic Diaphragm Muscles
Facial, Mastication, Extra-ocular Muscles
Muscles of the Vertebral Column
Oblique and Rectus Muscles
100
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
200
200
300
300
300
300
300
400
400
400
400
400
500
500
500
500
500
FINAL ROUND
2
Topic 1 100 Question

• Which muscle draws the corner of the mouth to the
  side, and is innervated by the facial nerve?
• a. depressor anguli oris
• b. risorius
• c. levator anguli oris
• d. zygomaticus major

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
3
Topic 1 100 Answer

• Which muscle draws the corner of the mouth to the
  side, and is innervated by the facial nerve?
• a. depressor anguli oris
• b. risorius
• c. levator anguli oris
• d. zygomaticus major

BACK TO GAME
4
Topic 1 200 Question

• Which facial muscle originates on the maxilla and
  mandible, and is innervated by CN VII?
• a. orbicularis oris
• b. levator anguli oris
• c. zygomaticus minor
• d. depressor anguli oris

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
5
Topic 1 200 Answer

• Which facial muscle originates on the maxilla and
  mandible, and is innervated by CN VII?
• a. orbicularis oris
• b. levator anguli oris
• c. zygomaticus minor
• d. depressor anguli oris

BACK TO GAME
6
Topic 1 300 Question

• Which of the following muscles of mastication is
  innervated by the trigeminal nerve, and acts to
  elevate the mandible and close the jaw, or to
  move the mandible side to side?
• a. lateral pterygoid
• b. masseter
• c. temporalis
• d. medial pterygoid

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
7
Topic 1 300 Answer

• Which of the following muscles of mastication is
  innervated by the trigeminal nerve, and acts to
  elevate the mandible and close the jaw, or to
  move the mandible side to side?
• a. lateral pterygoid
• b. masseter
• c. temporalis
• d. medial pterygoid

BACK TO GAME
8
Topic 1 400 Question

• Which of the following most accurately describes
  the inferior oblique muscle?
• a. It inserts into the inferomedial surface of
  the eyeball.
• b. It facilitates the action in which the eye
  looks down.
• c. It is innervated by the abducens nerve.
• d. It inserts into the inferolateral surface of
  the eyeball.

BACK TO GAME
ANSWER
9
Topic 1 400 Answer

• Which of the following most accurately describes
  the inferior oblique muscle?
• a. It inserts into the inferomedial surface of
  the eyeball.
• b. It facilitates the action in which the eye
  looks down.
• c. It is innervated by the abducens nerve.
• d. It inserts into the inferolateral surface of
  the eyeball.

BACK TO GAME
10
Topic 1 500 Question

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  depressor labii inferioris muscle is incorrect?
• a. It originates on the mandible between the
  anterior midline and the mental foramen.
• b. It inserts into the skin at the angle of the
  mouth.
• c. It depresses the lower lip and is innervated
  by CN VII.
• d. None of the above statements is incorrect.

BACK TO GAME
ANSWER
11
Topic 1 500 Answer

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  depressor labii inferioris muscle is incorrect?
• a. It originates on the mandible between the
  anterior midline and the mental foramen.
• b. It inserts into the skin at the angle of the
  mouth.
• c. It depresses the lower lip and is innervated
  by CN VII.
• d. None of the above statements is incorrect.

BACK TO GAME
12
Topic 2 100 Question

• Pharyngeal muscles are innervated by which of the
  following cranial nerves (CN)?
• a. CN V
• b. CN VII
• c. CN X
• d. All of the above.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
13
Topic 2 100 Answer

• Pharyngeal muscles are innervated by which of the
  following cranial nerves (CN)?
• a. CN V
• b. CN VII
• c. CN X
• d. All of the above.

BACK TO GAME
14
Topic 2 200 Question

• Which muscle originates on the mandibles medial
  surface around the chin and partially inserts
  into the hyoid bone?
• a. genioglossus
• b. hyoglossus
• c. geniohyoid
• d. mylohyoid

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
15
Topic 2 200 Answer

• Which muscle originates on the mandibles medial
  surface around the chin and partially inserts
  into the hyoid bone?
• a. genioglossus
• b. hyoglossus
• c. geniohyoid
• d. mylohyoid

BACK TO GAME
16
Topic 2 300 Question

• Which of the following is not a function of the
  anterior muscles of the neck?
• a. They control the position of the pharynx.
• b. They depress the mandible.
• c. They tense the floor of the mouth.
• d. They provide a stable foundation for muscles
  of the tongue.

BACK TO GAME
ANSWER
17
Topic 2 300 Answer

• Which of the following is not a function of the
  anterior muscles of the neck?
• a. They control the position of the pharynx.
• b. They depress the mandible.
• c. They tense the floor of the mouth.
• d. They provide a stable foundation for muscles
  of the tongue.

BACK TO GAME
18
Topic 2 400 Question

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  tensor veli palatini muscle is correct?
• a. It partially originates on the pterygoid
  process of the sphenoid, inserts into the median
  raphe and is innervated by CN IX.
• b. It partially originates on the sphenoidal
  spine, inserts into the soft palate and is
  innervated by CN X.
• c. It partially originates on the petrous
  portion of the temporal bone, inserts into the
  soft palate, and is innervated by CN V.
• d. It partially originates into the tissues
  around the auditory tube, inserts into the soft
  palate, and is innervated by CN V.

BACK TO GAME
ANSWER
19
Topic 2 400 Answer

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  tensor veli palatini muscle is correct?
• a. It partially originates on the pterygoid
  process of the sphenoid, inserts into the median
  raphe and is innervated by CN IX.
• b. It partially originates on the sphenoidal
  spine, inserts into the soft palate and is
  innervated by CN X.
• c. It partially originates on the petrous
  portion of the temporal bone, inserts into the
  soft palate, and is innervated by CN V.
• d. It partially originates into the tissues
  around the auditory tube, inserts into the soft
  palate, and is innervated by CN V.

BACK TO GAME
20
Topic 2 500 Question

• Which of the following does not accurately
  describe the mylohyoid?
• a. It originates on the mylohoid line of the
  mandible, inserts into the median raphe attached
  to the hyoid bone, and it elevates the hyoid
  bone.
• b. It inserts into the median connective tissue
  band that runs to the hyoid bone, and is
  innervated by the mandibular branch of CN V.
• c. It originates on the mylohoid line of the
  maxilla, inserts into the median raphe attached
  to the hyoid bone, and is innervated by the
  maxillary branch of CN V.
• d. It inserts into the median connective tissue
  band that runs to the hyoid bone, and it elevates
  the floor of the mouth.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
21
Topic 2 500 Answer

• Which of the following does not accurately
  describe the mylohyoid?
• a. It originates on the mylohoid line of the
  mandible, inserts into the median raphe attached
  to the hyoid bone, and it elevates the hyoid
  bone.
• b. It inserts into the median connective tissue
  band that runs to the hyoid bone, and is
  innervated by the mandibular branch of CN V.
• c. It originates on the mylohoid line of the
  maxilla, inserts into the median raphe attached
  to the hyoid bone, and is innervated by the
  maxillary branch of CN V.
• d. It inserts into the median connective tissue
  band that runs to the hyoid bone, and it elevates
  the floor of the mouth.

BACK TO GAME
22
Topic 3 100 Question

• Which of the following is located in the
  superficial layer of vertebral column muscles?
• a. semispinalis capitis
• b. interspinalis
• c. spinalis cervicis
• d. None of the above.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
23
Topic 3 100 Answer

• Which of the following is located in the
  superficial layer of vertebral column muscles?
• a. semispinalis capitis
• b. interspinalis
• c. spinalis cervicis
• d. None of the above.

BACK TO GAME
24
Topic 3 200 Question

• Which of the following muscles of the vertebral
  column is not a flexor muscle?
• a. longissimus cervicis
• b. iliocostalis thoracis
• c. longissimus thoracis
• d. iliocostalis cervicis

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
25
Topic 3 200 Answer

• Which of the following muscles of the vertebral
  column is not a flexor muscle?
• a. longissimus cervicis
• b. iliocostalis thoracis
• c. longissimus thoracis
• d. iliocostalis cervicis

BACK TO GAME
26
Topic 3 300 Question

• Which muscle inserts into the spinous processes
  of C5-T4, extends the vertebral column, and is
  innervated by the thoracic spinal nerves?
• a. semispinalis thoracis
• b. longissimus thoracis
• c. spinalis thoracis
• d. rotatores thoracis

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
27
Topic 3 300 Answer

• Which muscle inserts into the spinous processes
  of C5-T4, extends the vertebral column, and is
  innervated by the thoracic spinal nerves?
• a. semispinalis thoracis
• b. longissimus thoracis
• c. spinalis thoracis
• d. rotatores thoracis

BACK TO GAME
28
Topic 3 400 Question

• Which of the following statements regarding
  muscles of the vertebral column is true?
• a. The intrinsic back muscles, which are
  innervated by the ventral rami of associated
  spinal nerves, interconnect and stabilize the
  vertebrae.
• b. The splenius muscles of the intermediate
  layer of intrinsic back muscles perform extension
  or lateral flexion of the neck.
• c. The transversospinalis muscles are all
  relatively short muscles that work in various
  combinations to produce slight extension or
  rotation of the vertebral column.
• d. The erector spinae muscles of the
  intermediate layer of the intrinsic back muscles
  flex the vertebral column when contracting
  together.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
29
Topic 3 400 Answer

• Which of the following statements regarding
  muscles of the vertebral column is true?
• a. The intrinsic back muscles, which are
  innervated by the ventral rami of associated
  spinal nerves, interconnect and stabilize the
  vertebrae.
• b. The splenius muscles of the intermediate
  layer of intrinsic back muscles perform extension
  or lateral flexion of the neck.
• c. The transversospinalis muscles are all
  relatively short muscles that work in various
  combinations to produce slight extension or
  rotation of the vertebral column.
• d. The erector spinae muscles of the
  intermediate layer of the intrinsic back muscles
  flex the vertebral column when contracting
  together.

BACK TO GAME
30
Topic 3 500 Question

• Which of the following statements does not
  accurately describe the rotatores lumborum
  muscle?
• a. It originates on the transverse processes of
  the vertebrae in the lumbar region and rotates
  the vertebral column toward the opposite side.
• b. It originates on the transverse processes of
  the vertebrae in the lumbar region and extends
  the vertebral column.
• c. It inserts into the spinous processes of
  adjacent more superior vertebrae and is
  innervated by lumbar spinal nerves.
• d. It inserts into the transverse processes of
  adjacent more superior vertebrae and is
  innervated by lumbar spinal nerves.

BACK TO GAME
ANSWER
31
Topic 3 500 Answer

• Which of the following statements does not
  accurately describe the rotatores lumborum
  muscle?
• a. It originates on the transverse processes of
  the vertebrae in the lumbar region and rotates
  the vertebral column toward the opposite side.
• b. It originates on the transverse processes of
  the vertebrae in the lumbar region and extends
  the vertebral column.
• c. It inserts into the spinous processes of
  adjacent more superior vertebrae and is
  innervated by lumbar spinal nerves.
• d. It inserts into the transverse processes of
  adjacent more superior vertebrae and is
  innervated by lumbar spinal nerves.

BACK TO GAME
32
Topic 4 100 Question

• Which of the following oblique and rectus muscles
  elevate the ribs?
• a. internal intercostals
• b. superior serratus posterior
• c. transversus thoracis
• d. rectus abdominis

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
33
Topic 4 100 Answer

• Which of the following oblique and rectus muscles
  elevate the ribs?
• a. internal intercostals
• b. superior serratus posterior
• c. transversus thoracis
• d. rectus abdominis

BACK TO GAME
34
Topic 4 200 Question

• Phrenic nerves (C3-C5) innervate which of the
  following muscles that functions to compress the
  abdominopelvic cavity upon contraction?
• a. diaphragm
• b. rectus abdominis
• c. external oblique
• d. internal oblique

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
35
Topic 4 200 Answer

• Phrenic nerves (C3-C5) innervate which of the
  following muscles that functions to compress the
  abdominopelvic cavity upon contraction?
• a. diaphragm
• b. rectus abdominis
• c. external oblique
• d. internal oblique

BACK TO GAME
36
Topic 4 300 Question

• Which muscle originates on the external and
  inferior borders of ribs 5-12 and acts to depress
  the ribs?
• a. inferior serratus posterior
• b. internal oblique
• c. external oblique
• d. external intercostals

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
37
Topic 4 300 Answer

• Which muscle originates on the external and
  inferior borders of ribs 5-12 and acts to depress
  the ribs?
• a. inferior serratus posterior
• b. internal oblique
• c. external oblique
• d. external intercostals

BACK TO GAME
38
Topic 4 400 Question

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  transversus abdominis muscle is incorrect?
• a. It originates on the iliac crest and
  thoracolumbar fascia, compresses the abdomen and
  is partially innervated by intercostal nerves
  (T7-T12).
• b. It originates on the iliac crest and
  thoracolumbar fascia, compresses the abdomen and
  is partially innervated by intercostal nerves
  (T5-T12).
• c. It inserts into the linea alba and pubis,
  compresses the abdomen, and is partially
  innervated by the iliohypogastric nerve.
• d. It inserts into the linea alba and pubis,
  compresses the abdomen, and is partially
  innervated by the ilioinguinal nerve.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
39
Topic 4 400 Answer

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  transversus abdominis muscle is incorrect?
• a. It originates on the iliac crest and
  thoracolumbar fascia, compresses the abdomen and
  is partially innervated by intercostal nerves
  (T7-T12).
• b. It originates on the iliac crest and
  thoracolumbar fascia, compresses the abdomen and
  is partially innervated by intercostal nerves
  (T5-T12).
• c. It inserts into the linea alba and pubis,
  compresses the abdomen, and is partially
  innervated by the iliohypogastric nerve.
• d. It inserts into the linea alba and pubis,
  compresses the abdomen, and is partially
  innervated by the ilioinguinal nerve.

BACK TO GAME
40
Topic 4 500 Question

• Which of the following most accurately describes
  the inferior serratus posterior muscle?
• a. It originates on the aponeurosis from spinous
  processes of T8-L3 and inserts into the inferior
  borders of ribs 8-12.
• b. It originates on the aponeurosis from spinous
  processes of T10-L3 and inserts into the inferior
  borders of ribs 8-12.
• c. It inserts on the inferior borders of ribs
  9-12 and is innervated by thoracic nerves (T9
  T12)
• d. It inserts on the inferior borders of ribs
  9-12 and acts to pull ribs inferiorly, and also
  outward, opposing the action of the diaphragm.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
41
Topic 4 500 Answer

• Which of the following most accurately describes
  the inferior serratus posterior muscle?
• a. It originates on the aponeurosis from spinous
  processes of T8-L3 and inserts into the inferior
  borders of ribs 8-12.
• b. It originates on the aponeurosis from spinous
  processes of T10-L3 and inserts into the inferior
  borders of ribs 8-12.
• c. It inserts on the inferior borders of ribs
  9-12 and is innervated by thoracic nerves (T9
  T12)
• d. It inserts on the inferior borders of ribs
  9-12 and acts to pull ribs inferiorly, and also
  outward, opposing the action of the diaphragm.

BACK TO GAME
42
Topic 5 100 Question

• The ischial and pubic rami are sites of origin
  for which of the following perineal muscles?
• a. male external urethral sphincter
• b. female external urethral sphincter
• c. deep transverse perineal muscle
• d. a and b

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
43
Topic 5 100 Answer

• The ischial and pubic rami are sites of origin
  for which of the following perineal muscles?
• a. male external urethral sphincter
• b. female external urethral sphincter
• c. deep transverse perineal muscle
• d. a and b

BACK TO GAME
44
Topic 5 200 Question

• Which of the following is not classified as a
  muscle in the urogenital triangle?
• a. pubococcygeus
• b. deep transverse perineal
• c. external urethral sphincter
• d. None of the above.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
45
Topic 5 200 Answer

• Which of the following is not classified as a
  muscle in the urogenital triangle?
• a. pubococcygeus
• b. deep transverse perineal
• c. external urethral sphincter
• d. None of the above.

BACK TO GAME
46
Topic 5 300 Question

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  pelvic diaphragm is true?
• a. It is a muscular layer that overlies deeper
  muscles that strengthen the pelvic floor and
  encircle the urethra.
• b. It is a deep muscle layer that extends
  between the pubic bones.
• c. It forms the muscular foundation of the anal
  triangle.
• d. a and c

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
47
Topic 5 300 Answer

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  pelvic diaphragm is true?
• a. It is a muscular layer that overlies deeper
  muscles that strengthen the pelvic floor and
  encircle the urethra.
• b. It is a deep muscle layer that extends
  between the pubic bones.
• c. It forms the muscular foundation of the anal
  triangle.
• d. a and c

BACK TO GAME
48
Topic 5 400 Question

• Which of the following statements most accurately
  describes the bulbospongiosus muscle in females?
• a. It originates on the perineal body, partially
  inserts into the perineal membrane, body of
  clitoris and corpus spongiosum, and compresses
  the bulbo-urethral glands.
• b. It originates on the central tendon of the
  perineum, partially inserts into the perineal
  membrane and corpus cavernosum.
• c. It partially inserts into the bulb of
  vestibule, perineal membrane, and corpus
  spongiosum, and is innervated by the perineal
  branch (S2-S4) of the pudendal nerve.
• d. It partially inserts into the bulb of
  vestibule, perineal membrane, and corpus
  cavernosum, and is innervated by the inferior
  sacral nerves.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
49
Topic 5 400 Answer

• Which of the following statements most accurately
  describes the bulbospongiosus muscle in females?
• a. It originates on the perineal body, partially
  inserts into the perineal membrane, body of
  clitoris and corpus spongiosum, and compresses
  the bulbo-urethral glands.
• b. It originates on the central tendon of the
  perineum, partially inserts into the perineal
  membrane and corpus cavernosum.
• c. It partially inserts into the bulb of
  vestibule, perineal membrane, and corpus
  spongiosum, and is innervated by the perineal
  branch (S2-S4) of the pudendal nerve.
• d. It partially inserts into the bulb of
  vestibule, perineal membrane, and corpus
  cavernosum, and is innervated by the inferior
  sacral nerves.

BACK TO GAME
50
Topic 5 500 Question

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  male external urethral sphincter is incorrect?
• a. It partially originates on the ischial ramus,
  inserts into the median raphe at the base of the
  penis, and compresses the bulbo-urethral glands.
• b. It partially originates on the ischial spine,
  inserts into the median raphe at the base of the
  penis, and compresses the greater vestibular
  glands.
• c. It inserts into the median raphe at the base
  of the penis and inner fibers encircling the
  urethra, closes the urethra, and is innervated by
  the pudendal nerve.
• d. It inserts into the median raphe at the base
  of the penis, compresses the prostate gland, and
  is innervated by the perineal branch (S2-S4) of
  the pudendal nerve.

BACK TO GAME
ANSWER
51
Topic 5 500 Answer

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  male external urethral sphincter is incorrect?
• a. It partially originates on the ischial ramus,
  inserts into the median raphe at the base of the
  penis, and compresses the bulbo-urethral glands.
• b. It partially originates on the ischial spine,
  inserts into the median raphe at the base of the
  penis, and compresses the greater vestibular
  glands.
• c. It inserts into the median raphe at the base
  of the penis and inner fibers encircling the
  urethra, closes the urethra, and is innervated by
  the pudendal nerve.
• d. It inserts into the median raphe at the base
  of the penis, compresses the prostate gland, and
  is innervated by the perineal branch (S2-S4) of
  the pudendal nerve.

BACK TO GAME
52
FINAL ROUND Question

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  superficial muscles of the vertebral column is
  true?
• a. The muscles of the iliocostalis group are
  innervated by cervical, thoracis, or lumbar
  spinal nerves.
• b. The splenius muscles have their insertion on
  the transverse processes of middle and superior
  cervical vertebrae.
• c. The action of the longissimus group includes
  stabilization of thoracic vertebrae in extension.
• d. All of the statements are true.

ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
53
FINAL ROUND Answer

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  superficial muscles of the vertebral column is
  true?
• a. The muscles of the iliocostalis group are
  innervated by cervical, thoracis, or lumbar
  spinal nerves.
• b. The splenius muscles have their insertion on
  the transverse processes of middle and superior
  cervical vertebrae.
• c. The action of the longissimus group includes
  stabilization of thoracic vertebrae in extension.
• d. All of the statements are true.

BACK TO GAME