Quotation and Citation

1
Quotation and Citation

• Basics and Error Correction
• 2004/4/27
• Ref. http//www.eng.fju.edu.tw/research/documentat
  ion.html

2
Documenting Sources

• Quotation Internal/Parenthetical citation
• Avoid wordiness
• Altering the original text.
• Work(s) Cited
• Citing Electronic Sources
• Citing Chinese Sources
• Others

3
Quotation

• Purposes avoid plagiarism, increase credibility
  by giving evidence or support, for close
  analysis.
• Kinds paraphrase and direct quote (further
  divided into separated and integrated)
• Things to Consider avoiding wordiness and
  over-quoting, punctuation transition, using
  ellipses and brackets () for alterations of
  sources.

4
Quotation increase credibility

• Afrika Bambaataa, one of the founders of Hip Hop,
  defines it not in terms of skin colors, Hip Hop
  means the whole culture of the movementhow you
  act, walk, look, talk are all part of hip-hop
  culture. And the music is colorless. Hip Hop
  music is made from Black, brown, yellow, red,
  white, whatever music that gives you the grunt,
  that funk, that groove or that beat Its all
  part of Hip Hop. (contd)

5
over-quotation internal citation

• Grandmaster Flash, . . . , also emphasizes the
  idea of emancipating all hip-hoppers from racial
  discrimination, For anybody to say this is not
  hip hop or that is not hip hop is wrong. Thats
  not the way the formula was laid down. It was for
  the people who were going to continue this to
  take anythingby all means necessary and string
  it along. Both of the hip-hop forefathers are
  opposed to those who disdain the whites talents
  and dedications, which convinces us that the
  color is really not a matter, but only for the
  people who were going to continue Hip Hop to
  take anything deserve the name real
  hip-hoppers(both quote from DaveyDs Hip Hop
  Corner).

6
Quotation indent the long quote

• Afrika Bambaataa, one of the founders of Hip Hop,
  defines it not in terms of skin colors
• Hip Hop means the whole culture of the
  movementhow you act, walk, look, talk are all
  part of hip-hop culture. And the music is
  colorless. Hip Hop music is made from Black,
  brown, yellow, red, white, whatever music that
  gives you the grunt, that funk, that groove or
  that beat Its all part of Hip Hop (par 1).

7
Quotation do not quote without your own
interpretation

• Grandmaster Flash, . . . , is also against
  setting the racial boundaries the formula of Hip
  Hop, instead, was and should still be for the
  people who were going to continue this to take
  anything (Flash par 3) Both of the hip-hop
  forefathers, therefore, are opposed to those who
  disdain the whites talents and dedications. The
  name real hip-hoppers, in other words, go to
  those who continue its styles and spirit, blacks
  and whites and the other colors alike.

8
Quotation Transition and Avoiding Wordiness

• . . . her attitude towards love can be
  regarded as extreme one. That is to say, Xia
  Long-nyu can sacrifice for Yang Guo. Jing Yong
  says, On that day when Yang Guo threw away the
  panacea, Xia Long-nyu knew that Yang Guo is not
  willing to live alone if Xia Long-nyu is dead.
  Thus, she must kill herself first then Yang Guo
  would just try to find out another panacea.
  (Romanization ???????????????,?????????????,?????
  ???????,??????,??????,?????????????? From this
  point of view, Xia Long-nyu also can die for Yang
  Guo and this kind of attitude towards love is as
  the same as Yang Guo. In other words, Xia
  Long-nyus attitude about love is very extreme.

9
Quotation Transition and Avoiding Wordiness
--suggestions

• . . . her love is extreme since she is
  willing to sacrifice her life for Yang Guo. When
  both of them are poisoned and they have only one
  antidote, Yang Guo throws out the pill to want to
  die with her. Xiau-Long-Nyu, on the other hand,
  decides to die first because she knows that only
  when she dies first will he give up the idea of
  death and kill the poison of love flower.
  (???????,??????,?????????????? pagination? My
  translation.) In other words, to save his life,
  she has to make him stop loving her. While their
  love for each other is equally strong, therefore,
  Xiau-Long-Nyus is selfless.

10
Quotation Transition

• According to a consumption behavior called Image
  Congruence Hypothesis (???84 your translation?),
  customers would tend to choose products that fit
  their self-image in other words, people choose
  products that can help them show who they are
  because The main reason for consumers to buy
  this symbolic meaning (the product) is to
  highlight self image (???242). (rep)

11
Quotation Transition

• According to a consumption behavior theory called
  Image Congruence Hypothesis (T. Lin 84 your
  translation?), customers would tend to choose
  products that fit their self-image in other
  words, in buying a commodity, consumers care not
  only about its use values but also its symbolic
  meanings . . . in order to highlight their
  self image (L. Lin 242).

12
Use Internal Citation to avoid wordiness

• Based on the dissertation, A Historical Analysis
  of Coffee Consumption in Taiwan written by
  Fan-ting, the development of coffee can be
  divided into three major periods first is from
  1930 to 1960, second is form 1960 to 1980 and the
  third is from 1980 to 1990. (41, 82, 122)

13
Errors fixed

• Based on the dissertation written by Fang-ting, A
  Historical Analysis of Coffee Consumption in
  Taiwan, the development of coffee can be divided
  into three major periods the first is from 1930
  to 1960, the second is from 1960 to 1980 and the
  third is from 1980 to 1990 (41, 82, 122).

14
Internal Citation

• The development of coffee in Taiwan can be
  divided into three major periods first, from
  1930 to 1960, second, from 1960 to 1980, and
  third, from 1980 to 1990 (Fan 41, 82, 122).

15
Internal Citation avoid wordiness

• In Wangs paper she says, one of surrealists,
  Max Ernst, a poet Paul Eluard and his wife once
  visited him(who?) and invited him to be one of
  surrealist movement, but he refused them as
  well as he rejected other invitations from
  Fauvism, Cubism, and Structurism (qtd. in 78).

16
Internal Citation avoid wordiness

• According to Wang, one surrealist, Max Ernst, a
  poet Paul Eluard and his wife once visited
  Chagall and invited him to join the surrealist
  movement, but he refused them, just as he
  rejected the other invitations from Fauvism,
  Cubism, and Structurism (78).
• Separated quotation
• What does qtd mean?

17
Quotation e.g. altering the original texts.

• First of all, the news is subjective, spoken
  by a person, strongly affirmed by Margaret
  Morse, a Professor of Film and Video at UC Santa
  Cruz.
• First of all, the news, as Margaret Morse points
  out, is subjective, spoken by a person (?).
• Inevitably, news broadcast is subjective, spoken
  by a person (Morse ?) integrated quotation.

18
Citing Electronic Sources remember the date of
access

• Walker, Janice Todd Taylor. Basic CGOS
• Style. The Columbia Guide to Online
  Style.
• Columbia UP, 1998. Oct 26, 1999.
  lthttp//www.columbia.edu/cu/cup/cgos/idx_basic.htm
  lgt.
• Flannagan, Roy. "Reflections on Milton and
  Ariosto. Early Modern Literary Studies 2.3
  (1996) 12-45. 16 pars. 22 Feb. 1997
  lthttp//unixg.ubc.ca7001/0/e-sources/emls/02-3/fl
  anmilt.htmlgt.

19
Citing Chinese Sources dont be afraid of
troubles!

• Tsai, Wen-fang (???). ???????-???????????.
  ????????. 2000, 32 147-169.
• (In Tong-Yong system)
• Cai, Wen-fang ???. Sing-ba-ke ren de dan-sheng
  (lt???????-???????????gtThe Birth of the
  Starbuck-ers An Interpretation of the Spaces of
  Urban Coffee Consumption). Shih-da di-li
  za-jhih bau-gau (????????) 32(2000) 147-169.

20
Practice

• ??? Chen Ju-rueng??????????. Extra Credit,
  Extra Pressure to Aboriginal students Chinatimes
  Foundation 16Aug. 1999. 5 Oct. 2003.
  lthttp//www.chinatimes.org.tw/news/1999/08/1999081
  6_09.htmgt.

21
Practice -- correction

• Chen, Ju-Rong ???. Lien-kao jia-fen jia-zhung
  xue-sheng ya-li. lt??????????gt Extra Credit,
  Extra Pressure to Aboriginal students.
  Chinatimes Foundation 16Aug. 1999. 5 Oct. 2003.
  lthttp//www.chinatimes.org.tw/news/1999/08/199908
  16_09.htmgt.

22
Work Cited Anything wrong?

• Flash, Grandmaster. Grand Master Flashs
• Definition of Hip Hop. DaveyDs Hip
  Hop
• Corner. 19 Dec. 2002. lthttp//www.daveyd.
  com/whatisflash.htmlgt.
• Forman, Murray. The Hood Comes First.
• Middletown Wesleyan University Press,
• 2002. 23-42.
• Forman, Murray. The Hood Comes First.
• Middletown, IL Wesleyan UP, 2002.