Chapters 11,14, and 15

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Amniote mesodermal derivatives
Page 191, 11.15 M
heart, blood
amnion chorion yolk sac allantois
blood vessels
tendons
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Somites

• A to P segmentation of the segmental plate
• determine the migration path of NC cells
• differentiate
• dermis (dermatome)
• vertebrae and ribs (scleretome)
• muscles of back and ribs (myotome)

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Cells transfected with Xenopus Noggin gene
transplanted to chick lateral plate
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back dermis
back, rib, and limb muscles
vertebrae and ribs
Page 199, 11.25 P
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Somites are formed periodically from A to P
somite
What would happen if segmental plate were
inverted along A-P axis?
segmental (paraxial) plate
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Notch juxtacrine signaling
Notch Delta juxtacrine signaling (Fig. 6.26)
quail protein
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Control Delta-like 3 knock out mouse
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The Notch autonomous segmentation clock
From regressing Hensens node
Feedback loops establish periodicity
Retinoic acid keeps L and R clocks synchronized
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Somite epithelialization mesenchyme to
epithelium transformation
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Segmental plate is specified before the somites
form
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Somite patterning
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How are multinucleate skeletal muscle cells
(myotubes) formed?
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Use of chimeric mice
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Intermediate induced by paraxial mesoderm
8 day mouse. Lim1
Pax2
Pax2 and Lim1 are kidney specific TFs
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Kidneys and gonads the urogenital system
13-day mouse
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Reciprocal M-E inductionureteric bud
mesenchyme
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