History of Ancient Israel Timeline

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History of Ancient IsraelTimeline

• Prehistory to Malachi

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PrehistoryExact Dates Uncertain
Creation
The Flood
The Fall of Man
The Tower of Babel
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The Patriarchal Period
2166 B.C. Patriarchal Period Begins Birth of Abram
2067 B.C. Dealings with Nephew, Lot Sodom
Gomorrah
1910 B.C. Jacobs Return to the Promised Land
2026 B.C. Isaacs Marriage to Rebekah
2081 B.C. Marriage to Hagar
1991 B.C. Death of Abraham
Date Uncertain Testing of Abraham
2080 B.C. Birth of Ishmael
2029 B.C. Death of Sarah
2091 B.C. Call of Abram Arrival in Canaan
1930 B.C. Jacobs Journey from the Promised Land
2066 B.C. Birth of Isaac
2006 B.C. Birth of Jacob Esau
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End of Patriarchal Period Beginning of Egyptian
Sojourn
1806 B.C. Patriarchal Period Ends Death of Joseph
1876 B.C. Israel's Move to Egypt Egyptian Sojourn
Begins
1886 B.C. Joseph Released Made Official Death
of Isaac
1878 B.C. Brothers First Journey to Egypt
1526 B.C. Moses is Born
1899 B.C. Joseph Sold as Slave
1889 B.C. Joseph Imprisoned
1877 B.C. Brothers Second Journey to Egypt
1879 B.C. Beginning of Famine
1859 B.C. Death of Jacob
Joseph's Separation from his Family
Egyptian Sojourn 430 Years
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The Exodus, Conquest of the Promised Land
Early Judges
1526 B.C. Moses is Born, Taken from Nile
1446 B.C. Return of Moses Exodus
1406-1399 B.C. Joshuas Conquest Occupation
1120-1117 B.C. Abimelechs Pagan Kingdom
1360-1350 B.C. Othniels Judgeship
1230 B.C. Shamgars Judgeship
Desert Wanderings
1486 B.C. Moses Flees Egypt
1446 - 1445 B.C. Sinaitic Covenant
1406 B.C. Death of Moses
1190-1180 B.C. Gideons Judgeship
1300-1275 B.C. Ehuds Judgeship
1117-1093 B.C. Minor Judges
1240 -1220 B.C. Deborahs Judgeship
Egyptian Sojourn 430 Years
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Late Judges and United Monarchy
1020-1011 B.C. Davids Exile from Saul
1011 B.C. Death of Saul Davids Reign Begins Over
Judah
931 B.C. Death of Solomon Kingdom Divides
973-971 B.C. Coregency
1106 B.C. Jephthahs Judgeship
992 B.C. Adultery with Bathsheba
1084 B.C. Samuels Judgeship
967-960 B.C. Building of the Temple
991 B.C. Birth of Solomon
971 B.C. Death of David Solomons Coronation
1004 B.C. Reign over Israel Begins Jerusalem
Conquered
1117-1093 B.C. Minor Judges
971-931 B.C. Solomon's Reign
1051-1011 B.C. Sauls Reign
1104-1104 B.C. Samsons Judgeship
- 1011-971 B.C. Davids Reign
Uncertain Dates During the Time of Judges The
Bethlehem Trilogy
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Divided Monarchy Israel's Timeline
Overlapping Dates Suggest Coregencies
798-782 B.C. Jehoash
910-909 B.C. Nadab
874-853 B.C. Ahab
852-841 B.C. Joram
885 B.C. Zimri
793-753 B.C. Jeroboam II
931-910 B.C. Jeroboam
909-886 B.C. Baasha
853-852 B.C. Ahaziah
841-814 B.C. Jehu
885-874 B.C. Omri
753 B.C. Zechariah
886-885 B.C. Elah
814-798 B.C. Jehoahaz
835-796 B.C. Joash
911-870 B.C. Asa
792-740 B.C. Uzziah
848-841 B.C. Jehoram
873-848 B.C. Jehoshaphat
931-913 B.C. Rehoboam
841 B.C. Ahaziah
796-767 B.C. Amaziah
913-911 B.C. Abijah
841-835 B.C. Athaliah
Overlapping Dates Suggest Coregencies
Divided Monarchy Judahs Timeline
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Divided Monarchy Israel's Timeline
Overlapping Dates Suggest Coregencies
752-742 B.C. Menahem, 752-732 B.C. Pekah
722 B.C. Fall of Israel The Northern Kingdom
732-722 B.C. Hoshea
752 B.C. Shallum
742-740 B.C. Pekahiah
History of the Ten Lost Tribes Ends
Years in Exile
609 B.C. Jehoahaz
598-597 B.C. Jehoiachin
729-686 B.C. Hezekiah
642-640 B.C. Amon
750-731 B.C. Jotham
608-598 B.C. Jehoiakim
586 B.C. Fall of Judah The Southern Kingdom
735-715 B.C. Ahaz
640-609 B.C. Josiah
597-586 B.C. Zedekiah
696-642 B.C. Manasseh
Overlapping Dates Suggest Coregencies
Divided Monarchy Judahs Timeline
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Returns and Restoration
5 A.D. Birth of Christ New Testament Begins
Approximately 425 B.C. End of Old Testament Israel
515 B.C. Completion of New Temple
458 B.C. Nehemiahs Pilgrimage
539 B.C. Fall of Babylon
Around 474 B.C. Time of Esther
458 B.C. Ezras Pilgrimage
425 B.C. 5 A.D. Silent Transitional Period
538 B.C. Cyrus Liberates the Israelites
536 B.C. Foundations Laid for New Temple
536 -515 B.C. Construction of New Temple
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Timeline Explanations Details
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• Creation God created the earth in 6 (24 hour)
  days, and on the seventh day he rested. The
  highlight of creation was man, a being made in
  his own likeness. Woman was made from man, and
  they lived in paradise until the fall.
• The Fall of Man The Serpent tempted Eve to sin
  by eating fruit from the forbidden tree. She
  took some and gave it to Adam, and at once they
  realized they were naked. For this sin they
  would no longer live forever, and were thrown out
  of the paradise in Eden into a world filled with
  sin.
• The Flood God saw that his creation had filled
  with corruption, and so sent a worldwide flood to
  destroy all life on Earth. Noah and his family
  alone were righteous, so they, along with a pair
  of every living creature, entered the ark and
  were spared from the flood. After the flood all
  that were on the ark repopulated the earth.
• The Tower of Babel This ziggurat was built to
  worship the pagan gods of the heavens, so as
  punishment God confused the languages of the
  builders and forced them to scatter throughout
  the earth, being unable to communicate with each
  other.

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• 2166 B.C. Patriarchal Period Begins
• This period begins with the birth of Abram, who
  lived comfortably with his father in southern
  Mesopotamia.
• 2091 B.C. The Call of Abram
• This date signifies when God called Abram to
  move away from his family into Canaan. They
  stopped at Haran, where his father died. They
  then continued on to Canaan, where god made his
  covenant with Abram.. Abram would be called
  Abraham, which means father of many, and his
  children were promised the land of Canaan. God
  used circumcision as a reminder of this covenant.
• 2081 B.C. Marriage to Hagar Birth of Ishmael
• Sarai (Abrams wife) convinced Abram to marry
  Hagar, a servant, to produce the promised son.
  This, however, was not Gods plan. God did
  bless Ishmael with many descendants, but he was
  not the son of the covenant.

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• Approximately 2067 B.C. Dealings with Lot ,
  Sodom Gomorrah
• Lot was Abrams nephew, and while they were
  traveling together, Abram realized that there was
  not enough land for both families. Abram
  proposed to split up, generously giving Lot his
  choice of land. Lot chose greedily, and soon
  needed Abram to rescue him from area rulers. A
  few years later, Abram is approached by three
  angels who tell him of the coming destruction of
  Sodom and Gomorrah, the area where Lot lived.
  Abram begged the LORD not to destroy these
  cities, but homosexuality was rampant. Lot and
  his family were told to leave and not look back,
  but Lots wife couldnt resist and was turned
  into a pillar of salt. To insure the survival of
  their lineage, Lots daughters got Lot drunk and
  committed incest.
• 2166 B.C. The Birth of Isaac
• At long last, Abrams name was officially
  changed to Abraham when his wife Sarai (now
  called Sarah) bore Isaac. Sarah had laughed at
  the promise of a son due to her age. (Isaac means
  laughter)

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• Date Uncertain The Testing of Abraham
• God here tested Abraham by commanding him to
  sacrifice Isaac. When it was clear Abrahams
  love for God was greater than even his love for
  Isaac, God stopped him and blessed him greatly
  for his obedience.
• 2029 B.C. Death of Sarah
• 2026 B.C. Isaacs Marriage to Rebekah
• Abraham found Isaac a wife among the descendants
  of his brother, and God approved. Isaac lived a
  God-pleasing life with his wife in Canaan.
• 2006 B.C. Birth of Jacob Esau
• These twins of Isaac were complete opposites
  Esau was a hardy man and Jacob was more gentle.
  God said that Jacob would inherit the blessing,
  though Esau was older. Esau foolishly gave away
  his birthright to Jacob, and Jacob tricked his
  father into bestowing on him the blessing of the
  firstborn.
• 1991 B.C. Death of Abraham

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• 1930 B.C. Jacobs Journey from the Promised
  Land
• In response to Esaus anger, Jacob fled from
  Canaan. He met Rachel near Haran, and went to
  her father, Laban, to ask her hand in marriage.
  Laban asked for seven years of service, and Jacob
  agreed. After the seven years, Laban tricked
  Jacob into marrying Leah, Rachels older sister.
  To marry Rachel, Jacob agreed to seven more years
  of service. After these seven years, Laban
  persuaded him to stay six more years to get all
  the speckled livestock as payment. He agreed, and
  after twenty years away from Canaan he left the
  house of Laban. During these twenty years, he
  gave birth to almost all of his twelve sons.
• 1910 B.C. Jacobs Return to the Promised Land
• Worried about Esaus wrath, Jacob asked God for
  his assurance. God renewed his covenant with
  Jacob and gave him the new name of Israel. Upon
  his return home, Esau greeted him with kindness.
  Due to some trouble with the Shechemites (Dinahs
  rape and the slaughter), Jacob moved and settled
  in the south.

The Twelve Sons of Israel Reuben Simeon Levi Jud
ah Dan Naphtali Gad Asher Issachar Zebulun Joseph
(Father of Ephraim and Manasseh) Benjamin
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• 1899 B.C. Joseph Sold as Slave
• God gave Joseph dreams of him being greater than
  his brothers, which made them jealous and angry.
  When all twelve brothers were in the field, they
  threw Joseph in a pit and were trying to decide
  what to do. Meanwhile, a caravan to Egypt was
  passing by, so they sold him as a slave. They
  cut up his cloak and splashed it with blood,
  telling their father that he was killed by a wild
  beast.
• 1889 B.C. Joseph Imprisoned
• Joseph ended up in the house of an Egyptian
  official, and his talents led his master to trust
  him completely. The masters wife tried to
  seduce him, and when he resisted she told her
  husband that Joseph was trying to take advantage
  of her. In a rage, the master threw him into
  prison.
• 1886 B.C. Joseph Released Made Official,
  Death of Isaac
• While in prison, Joseph interpreted dreams of a
  butler and a baker, and the butler was soon
  released. When Pharaoh had a strange dream, the
  butler told him of Joseph. So impressed by
  Joseph's interpretation, Joseph was made second
  in command of all of Egypt. In this same year,
  Isaac also died.

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• 1879 B.C. Beginning of Famine
• Joseph's interpretation of Pharaoh's dream
  involved seven years of abundance followed by
  seven years of famine.
• 1878 B.C. Brothers First Journey to Egypt
• The sons of Jacob received word of the surplus
  of food in Egypt, so all but Benjamin set off.
  Upon their arrival, they did not recognize
  Joseph. Joseph accused them of being spies and
  sent them home, keeping Simeon to ensure their
  return.
• 1877 B.C. Brothers Second Journey to Egypt
• Jacob didnt want to lose Benjamin, so it took
  some convincing to return to Egypt. Judah
  promised Jacob of Benjamin's safety, and soon all
  twelve were again united. Joseph, wanting to
  test his brothers for jealousy, gave Benjamin
  special treatment. On their departure, however,
  Joseph put a cup in Benjamins sack, make him
  appear like a thief. A steward of Joseph caught
  them on their way home, making a deal with them
  that the one with the cup would return as a
  slave. When the brothers saw the cup in
  Benjamins sack, they pleaded to all be taken as
  slaves rather than Benjamin. Joseph realized
  they were changed men, and revealed himself to
  them.

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• 1876 B.C. Israel's Move to Egypt, Egyptian
  Sojourn Begins
• Due to the famine, the pharaoh invited Josephs
  whole family to live in Goshen, which was near
  Egypt. There the whole family was reunited, and
  grew into the millions that eventually took part
  in the Exodus.
• 1859 B.C. Death of Jacob
• Jacob died in peace with his family, and was
  buried back in Canaan. He even was able to give
  blessing to Ephraim and Manasseh, favoring the
  younger as God intended.
• 1806 B.C. Patriarchal Period Ends with the Death
  of Joseph
• Josephs body was carried back to Canaan during
  the Exodus.
• 1526 B.C. Moses is Born
• Moses was probably taken care of by the famous
  Hatshepsut.

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• 1486 B.C. Moses Flees Egypt
• In anger of his cruelty, Moses slew an Egyptian
  slave driver. This angered the Pharaoh, and
  forced Moses into exile. He fled to Midian,
  where he married the daughter of a shepherd.
  There God spoke to him through a burning bush
  and gave him the authority to free the Israelites
  form Egyptian bondage.
• 1446 B.C. Return of Moses The Exodus
• Through many signs and the ten plagues, Moses
  returned to Egypt with clear authority given by
  Yahweh to take the people out of Egypt, and
  finally, after the first Passover and the death
  of the pharaoh's son, Israel was allowed to leave
  Egypt. On their way out, Pharaoh changed his
  mind and decided not to let them go, and sent his
  entire army after them. God open the Red Sea
  long enough to let Israel pass, and them returned
  the waters, swallowing Pharaoh's army.
• 1446 1445 B.C. Sinaitic Covenant
• At mount Sinai, Israel was given the Ten
  Commandments. These formed the backbone of the
  entire Law. Through this covenant, God gave the
  people of Israel a way to have their sins
  atoned. This covenant foreshadowed the coming of
  Jesus Christ, who became the ultimate sacrifice
  for us and gave a the victory of eternal life.
  Though the people made a golden calf and indulged
  in idolatry, once the problem was divinely dealt
  with they followed God rules precisely in the
  making of the covenant items.

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• 1444 1406 B.C. Desert Wanderings
• Instead of trusting God, Israel was scared when,
  spying out the promised land, they saw giants and
  other formidable foes. God was disappointed, and
  so kept Israel in the desert nearly forty years,
  until those who were unfaithful had passed away.
• 1406-1399 B.C. Death of Moses, Joshuas
  Conquest Occupation
• Joshua, upon the death of Moses, took charge of
  the army and led them to Jericho, where they had
  their famous victory. Joshua then went on to
  conquer nearly all of Israel. Unfortunately, the
  tribes that settled there did not eradicate the
  Canaanites, and they were plagued with trouble
  and sin until Israel fell.
• 1360-1350 B.C. Othniels Judgeship
• Soon after the death of Joshua, an enemy called
  Cushan was defeated by God raising up Othniel,
  who was Caleb's nephew.
• 1300-1275 B.C. Ehuds Judgeship
• Israel was put into servitude for seventeen
  years by the Moabites until God delivered them
  through Ehuds judgeship. Pretending to be
  paying taxes, Ehud got alone with the king and
  killed him, ushering 80 years of relative peace
  in the promised land.

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• 1240 -1220 B.C. Deborahs Judgeship
• Jabin, the King of Hazor, had became a large
  problem with the people of Israel. After 20 year
  of oppression, Deborah led Israel's army to
  victory. The general Sisera escaped, but was
  killed by a relative loyal to Israel.
• 1230 B.C. Shamgars Judgeship
• Shamgar fought against the Philistines, some
  even saying he slew as many a 600 himself.
• 1190-1180 B.C. Gideons Judgeship
• Gideon fought against the Midianites, who
  regularly raided Israel. He narrowed down his
  army, God wanting a small, faithful army to show
  that He was the true victor. About 300 men
  entered the Midianited camp with trumpets and
  torches, scaring the Midianites into attacking
  themselves. Gideon was offered kingship for this
  victory but refused.
• 1120-1117 B.C. Abimelechs Pagan Kingdom
• Abimelech, son of Gideon, decided he wanted the
  power of a king. By trying to use his fathers
  deeds as leverage, he attempted the murder of all
  of his brothers. Shortly after he became king,
  the kingdom was overthrown and he was killed.

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• 1117-1093 B.C. Minor Judges
• Tolas judgeship may have been associated with
  Abimelechs kingdom. Jair focused more near
  Gilead.
• 1106 B.C. Jephthahs Judgeship
• Jephthah dealt with an defeated the Amorites,
  but also fought against Israels own Ephraimites.
  Not wanting them to re-cross the Jordan, he
  forced all who attempted to pronounce the word
  shibboleth, which Ephraimites pronounced as
  sibboleth. All who pronounced it wrong were
  slain.
• 1104-1104 B.C. Samsons Judgeship
• Samson was known in large part to his unusual
  strength. Being very quick tempered, if someone
  did him wrong he would seek vengeance such as
  tying together 150 pairs of foxes with firebrands
  on their tails to burn Philistine crops. He fell
  into lust several times, most notably with a
  Philistine named Delilah who connived the secret
  of his strength (his long hair). By cutting his
  hair he lost his super strength, regaining it
  only once to topple the pagan temple where he
  died.
• 1084 B.C. Samuels Judgeship
• Widely conisdered the last and best judge,
  Samuel defeated the Philistines and made peace
  with the Amorites. This set the stage for the
  people to ask for an earthly king, and Samuel,
  saddened by this request, conferred with God.

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• Uncertain Dates During the Time of Judges The
  Bethlehem Trilogy
• These three stories took place during the time
  of the judges, and they include Micah and the
  Levite, the Levite and his concubine, and
  Ruth/Boaz.
• 1051-1011 B.C. Sauls Reign
• Samuel, upon meeting Saul, told him of the
  signs that he would be the king of Israel. His
  early anointing and reign were godly, but rash
  violations of the covenant and irrationality
  toward his own son mark the depart of Gods
  spirit from him, and David soon took his place on
  the throne. Saul had a particular dislike for
  David, as he knew God chose David as the next
  king. He gave David numerous tasks that were
  meant to kill him, yet David passed with flying
  colors.
• 1020-1011 B.C. Davids Exile from Saul
• When Saul's desire to kill David was
  unmistakable, David fled for his life. Much of
  the last years of Sauls reign were spent trying
  to kill David. Twice David had the chance to
  kill Saul, but he graciously spared the king of
  Israel.
• 1011 B.C. Death of Saul, Davids Reign Begins
  over Judah
• Saul refused to give up reign even when the
  spirit of God left him, giving his reign a very
  sad end at the hands of Philistines. David,
  arguably the most famous Israelite king,
  returned, was anointed as king, and began his
  reign.

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• 1011-971 B.C. Davids Reign
• David was enthusiastically accepted as King over
  Benjamin and Judah, but it took seven years
  before he was king over all 12 tribes. His
  capital for the first two tribes was Hebron.
  Conflict between the split kingdoms soon
  escalated, but when the dust settled all of
  Israel was united under David.
• 1004 B.C. Reign over Israel Begins, Jerusalem
  Conquered
• Once he became head of all Israel, David quickly
  captured Jerusalem as the new, central capital.
  He brought the ark of the covenant and was
  prepared to build a temple when God stopped him,
  informing him that this task belonged to Solomon.
• 992 B.C. Adultery with Bathsheba
• The beginning of Davids fall was his lust for
  Bathsheba, and the premeditated murder of her
  husband. This sin brought great sorrow upon
  David, yet through Bathsheba his royal line would
  continue.
• 991 B.C. Birth of Solomon
• Solomon, son of David and Bathsheba, was heir to
  the throne Messianic promise.
• 973-971 B.C. Coregency
• Before the death of David, his son Absalom would
  betray him and try to take the kingdom. David
  was forced to fight against his own son, and
  prevailed to let Solomon take the throne.

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• 971 B.C. Death of David, Solomons Coronation
• After the death of David, Solomon eliminated all
  threats to the throne. He now was safe to rule
  the booming Kingdom of Israel.
• 971-931 B.C. Solomon's Reign
• Solomons reign included his God-given wisdom, a
  large army to simply maintain his empire, vast
  building projects that included a temple, foreign
  trade expansion, and heavy taxation to pay for
  all of the above. His reign was very prosperous,
  and the likes of it would never again, to this
  day, be seen in Israel. His lovers numbered as
  many as one thousand, with seven hundred wives
  and three hundred concubines.
• 967-960 B.C. Building of the Temple
• As promised to David, Solomon built a
  magnificent temple that rivaled any structure of
  that time period.
• 931 B.C. Death of Solomon, Kingdom Divides
• Due to the influence of his many pagan wives,
  Solomon turned from the Lord near the middle of
  his reign. Before he died, however, he came back
  to the Lord in sorrow of his sin. The kingdom
  would suffer from its departure from Yahweh.
  Solomons heavy taxation and his sons refusal to
  remove this burden led to unrest, which fueled
  the division of Israel upon Solomons death.

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• 931-913 B.C. Rehoboam of Judah
• Sadly, unlike the beginnings of the reigns of
  his father and grandfather, Rehoboam did not
  follow God, and his kingdom suffered greatly for
  it. He built pagan altars and allowed Canaanite
  religious practices to resurface in the land. He
  also feuded with the northern kingdom and lost
  treasures to Egypt.
• 931-910 B.C. Jeroboam of Israel
• After the split of the kingdom, Jeroboams
  northern kingdom fell deep into pagan worship.
  Jeroboam himself went as far as creating two
  golden calves and declaring them as gods.
• 913-911 B.C. Abijah of Judah
• As the son of Rehoboam, Abijah followed in the
  iniquities of his father and continued to fight
  Israel, prevailing only by the grace of God.
• 911-870 B.C. Asa of Judah
• Asa was good in the sight of God, as he removed
  much of the paganism plaguing Judah. He defeated
  Egypt in battle, but then allied with Syria for
  protection against Israel. By doing this he
  displeased God.
• 910-909 B.C. Nadab of Israel
• Nadab, son of Jeroboam, had a short reign marked
  with the paganism of his father. He was
  assassinated along with the rest of the royal
  family.

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• 909-886 B.C. Baasha of Israel
• Not much can be said about Baasha, who founded a
  dynasty that followed in the evils of its
  predecessors.
• 886-885 B.C. Elah of Israel
• Elah followed Baashas footsteps, being executed
  by the next king.
• 885 B.C. Zimri of Israel
• After executing Elah, Zimri ascended to the
  throne, soon to be thrown off by Omri.
• 885-874 B.C. Omri of Israel
• Omri took the throne of Israel after exposing
  Zimris plot against Elah. He moved the capital
  of Israel to Samaria and unified the northern
  kingdom. Tibni, who set himself up as king in
  885 B.C. in part of Israel, was crushed during
  the reign of Omri.
• 874-853 B.C. Ahab of Israel
• Ahab was more evil that any other king before
  him. He and his wife, Jezebel, introduced the
  old Canaanite religion of Baal-Melqart,
  completely abandoning God. Elijah was sent from
  God to announce his displeasure and a famine in
  the land, and to testify that Yahweh was greater
  than Baal. Elijah was taken to heaven in a
  flaming chariot, while Ahab died in battle.

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• 873-848 B.C. Jehoshaphat of Judah
• As the son of Asa, Jehoshaphat removed even more
  of the pagan gods that had infiltrated Judah. He
  was a godly, prayerful king, yet made the mistake
  of joining in an alliance with the northern
  kingdom, which would later hurt Judah.
• 853-852 B.C. Ahaziah of Israel
• Like Ahab, his father, Ahaziahs reign was
  filled with evil and problems. He died without
  an heir.
• 852-841 B.C. Joram of Israel
• Brother of Ahaziah, Joram did little to mend the
  ways of his father and brother. Elisha began his
  prophetic ministry during the reign of Joram.
• 848-841 B.C. Jehoram of Judah
• Jehoram was seen as evil in Gods eyes, with
  much war and bloodshed, and a marriage to the
  daughter of Ahab and Jezebeel. He died from an
  intestinal disease as prophesied by Elijah.
• 841 B.C. Ahaziah of Judah
• Ahaziah was the only surviving son of Jehoram,
  with Athaliah being his mother. Both Joram of
  Israel (Ahaziahs uncle) and Ahaziah were killed
  by Jehu, the next king of Israel.

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• 841-835 B.C. Athaliah of Judah
• This evil daughter of Ahab and Jezebel killed
  all but one of he grandchildren to secure her
  place on the throne of Judah. Here she installed
  Baal worship, greatly displeasing Yahweh.
• 841-814 B.C. Jehu of Israel
• Though no longer in the line of Omri, Jehu
  continued in the displeasing of Yahweh. His
  reign was filled with troubles and Israel began
  to fall under the powers of Assyria.
• 835-796 B.C. Joash of Judah
• Jehoida, the high priest that had raised the
  sole surviving grandchild of Athaliah, plotted
  and successful dethroned Athaliah after six years
  of her reign. Joash took over when he was seven,
  following Jehoidas council and destroying much
  of the Baal worship. When Jehoida died, however,
  Joash allowed the Baal cult to reform and the
  kingdom was taken away from him because of it.
• 814-798 B.C. Jehoahaz of Israel
• Jehoahaz fell more under the power of Syria, but
  little else is said about him.
• 798-782 B.C. Jehoash of Israel
• Jehoash was son of Jehoahaz, but unlike his
  father he moved away from Syrian control and
  strengthened Israel as Elisha had prophesied.

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• 796-767 B.C. Amaziah of Judah
• Amaziah was a godly king, regaining some land
  that his predecessors had lost. He died as the
  result of a conspiracy to overthrow him.
• 793-753 B.C. Jeroboam II of Israel
• A coregent with his father, Jeroboam was
  probably one of Israel's greatest rulers (though
  perhaps not in Gods eyes), regaining much of the
  land of David and Solomon.
• 792-740 B.C. Uzziah of Judah
• As a very capable ruler, Uzziah found favor with
  God. At this time, both kingdoms combined ruled
  the same amount of land as David and Solomon of
  old. He died of leprosy sent from God to punish
  him for a mistake.
• 753 B.C. Zechariah of Israel
• Presumed to be a weak/disliked ruler, Zechariah
  was assassinated less than a year after he became
  king.
• 752 B.C. Shallum of Israel
• Shallum was Zechariahs murderer, and was
  murdered himself due to this.

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• 752-742 B.C. Menahem of Israel
• Menahem was the man who killed Shallum, and set
  himself up as ruler. He paid tribute to Assyria,
  granting a reprieve from the coming conquest.
• 750-731 B.C. Jotham of Judah
• Jotham was another good ruler in the kingdom of
  Judah, and he also was an able builder. However,
  the spiritual life of the nation fell.
• 742-740 B.C. Pekahiah of Israel
• Pekahiah only ruled for two years before he was
  murdered by his own son, Pekah.
• (752)-732 B.C. Pekah of Israel
• Pekah was thought of by many as king in 752
  B.C., but didnt truly begin ruling until the
  death of his father, Pekahiah, for which he was
  responsible. In these first twelve years he
  fostered the pro-Samaria faction. After his
  father was out of the way, he joined with Syria
  to fight Judah and Assyria, but was defeated and
  killed by Hoshea.
• 735-715 B.C. Ahaz of Judah
• Ahaz was a pro-Assyrian king. He joined with
  Assyria instead of fighting what he though would
  be a hopeless battle. Because of this, Israel
  backed off of Judah, but eventually Judah would
  pay tribute to Assyria itself. Ahaz also fell
  into Baal worship, hampering Israels success as
  a nation.

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• 732-722 B.C. Hoshea of Israel
• Hoshea was set upon the throne by
  Tiglath-pileser of Assyria, and was subservient
  to him. When under a different king, Hoshea
  refused to pay taxes and Assyria consumed Israel.
• 722 B.C. Fall of Israel, The Northern Kingdom
• Many Israelites of the north were deported,
  never again to be united under a northern king.
• 729-686 B.C. Hezekiah of Judah
• Hezekiah reformed the ways of his father, making
  him one of Judahs most admirable kings. God
  even compared him to David, and the Passover
  feast was restored. He was anti-Assyrian, during
  his reign God miraculously saved Judah from
  certain destruction at the hands of Sennacherib
  of Assyria. Hezekiah was struck with illness,
  but through Isaiah God granted him fifteen more
  healthy years.
• 696-642 B.C. Manasseh of Judah
• Manasseh was the son of Hezekiah and the longest
  ruling king of Judah. He was evil unlike any
  before him, setting up shrines to pagan gods such
  as Baal and crushing any opposition. God dealt
  with him severely, making him captive of the king
  of Assyria. While a prisoner, Manasseh had a
  change of heart. God gave him an opportunity to
  return to Judah to rule, and with the few years
  he had left he tried to remove the desecrations
  he had placed in Judah.

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• 642-640 B.C. Amon of Judah
• Influenced by his fathers former evil, Amon was
  decidedly ungodly. He was quickly killed at the
  hands of conspirators.
• 640-609 B.C. Josiah of Judah
• As the eight year old son of Amon, Josiah was
  made king. He made extraordinary reforms and
  ushered in a period of tranquility and success
  for Judah. He reinstated Mosaic Law and the
  Passover feast while removing foreign objects and
  corrupt priests from the temple. He was defeated
  in battle by Egypt, and the kingdom passed on to
  his son under control of Pharaoh.
• 609 B.C. Jehoahaz of Judah
• After a short three years of rule, Egypt took
  Jehoahaz prisoner and set his older brother up as
  king, who they believed would be loyal to Egypt.
• 608-598 B.C. Jehoiakim of Judah
• Jehoiakim was an evil and ineffective ruler that
  was prophesied to be buried like a donkey,
  which made him angry enough to tear up this
  prophecy of Jeremiah. During his reign, Babylon
  was strengthening.

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• 598-597 B.C. Jehoiachin of Judah
• Jeoiachin was passed the kingship and a feud
  along with it. His father had made Babylon angry
  by seeking military help from Egypt, and
  foolishly Jehoachin continued this request. He
  was taken captive and died in Babylon.
• 597-586 B.C. Zedekiah of Judah
• Nebuchadnezzar installed Zedekiah , who quickly
  followed in the ways of his fathers and tried to
  seek help from Babylonian oppression. Instead,
  Babylon attacked Jerusalem and officially ended
  the kingdom of Judah.
• 586 B.C. Fall of Judah, The Southern Kingdom
• Judahs most influential people were deported to
  Babylon, ending the kingdom.
• 539 B.C. Fall of Babylon
• In 539 B.C, Persia , under the leadership of
  Cyrus, took the city of Babylon as Daniel
  prophesied. Persia was respectful of various
  beliefs, encouraging ethnic groups to
  participated in their religious ceremonies.
• 538 B.C. Cyrus Liberates the Israelites
• Almost 50,000 Jews returned in family groups in
  this first journey back to the promised land,
  bringing back over 5,000 articles for the temple.
  Over four month men and animals made this 400
  mile journey. They Israelites first rebuilt an
  altar to Yahweh, and then set their eyes on the
  temple project.

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• 536 -515 B.C. Construction of New Temple
• Though not identical to Solomons Temple of old,
  the temple in Jerusalem was rebuilt. Cyrus even
  gave money to Jews to rebuild it, though the
  builders suffer from fear and setbacks due the
  other inhabitants of the land.
• 474 B.C. Time of Esther
• The famous story of Ester took place during this
  time, including her God-given role as queen and
  eventual revealer of Haman's plot ( hero to the
  Jews).
• 458 B.C. Ezras Emigration
• Around sixty years after the first emigration,
  Ezra lead a host of Jews back towards Jerusalem.
  Under Ezras leadership, any Israelites then
  living in Persia that desired to return to Israel
  had the opportunity. Upon arrival, intermarriage
  to pagan people among the Israelites had gotten
  out of hand. He asked God for forgiveness on
  behalf of the people of Israel, and ordered the
  pagan spouses to either convert or return home,
  fulfilling his duty assigned to him by God.

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• 458 B.C. Nehemiahs Emigration
• Upon hearing of the troubles in Judea, Nehemiah
  began to pray and fast for his people.
  Artaxerxes noticed the change that had come over
  him, and ended up granting him an army and leave
  to rebuild Jerusalem. Against enemy wishes, he
  built a wall with gates around Jerusalem. Though
  facing severe obstacles, this task was completed
  in less than two months. He divided the
  population to decide who should live in
  Jerusalem. Ezra came and reminded the people of
  their sins and their covenant with God, and the
  people wept. Nehemiah returned to Persia, and
  came back to Israel only to find lack of
  reverence (once again) for the one true God.
• Approximately 425 B.C. End of Old Testament
  Israel
• Israel's history was quiet for around 400 years,
  awaiting the coming Messiah.

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