Oberlin

1
Mary Lyon Mount Holyoke
Oberlin Mount Holyoke
Oberlin College
2
Civic Virtue

• Republican Motherhood

3
Lowell Factory System

• Single women only
• Once married left the wage earning workforce

4
Womens Role in Abolitionist Movement

• Initial exclusion
• Grimke Sisters, Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady
  Stanton
• Speakers
• Writers
• Logistics/Event Planning
• Economic planning/Sales of Merchandize

5
Seneca Falls Convention 1848

• Declaration of Sentiments
• Key Figures Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B.
  Anthony

6
Women in Civil War

• Nurses
• Running Homes and Plantations
• Charleston Mercury pleads to women to sent their
  men back to the front
• U.S. Treasury hires women to cut greenbacks
• Julia Ward Howe We have stopped knitting and
  wont go back.

7
Women After Civil War

• Historically after wars have been a cultural push
  to return females to the home
• Society celebrates LIFE
• Increase in births
• Increase in traditional female values and norms

8
Pioneer Women

• Nature of lifestyle makes women more involved in
  work and decision making
• Isolated lifestyle
• Wyoming Territory first to grant womens suffrage
  (1869) Statehood 1890
• Western states increase property rights of
  married women

9
Second Industrial Revolution

• Cult of Domesticity
• Separate Spheres
• Provider of moral values
• Home Sweet Home

10
Womens Role in Social Issues of Gilded Age

• Settlement Houses
• Jane Addams, Hull House and Social Work
• Temperence Movement (WCTU)
• Who will be opponents if the suffragettes?

11
Minor v. Happerset

• 1875
• Supreme Court Ruling
• Women are citizens but are UNABLE to vote
• Rationale...Yikes

12
Division in the Womens Movement 1870s

• NWSA
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton (Arrested in 1872 trying
  to vote)
• Susan B. Anthony
• More Radical

• AWSA
• Lucy Stone
• Julia Ward Howe
• More Conservative

13
Difference in Perspective

• NWSA
• Leaders older generation
• Experience with marriage
• Want vote because a woman is equal to men in
  EVERY facet
• Vote is a humanitarian justice issue

• AWSA
• Younger Generation
• Experience w/marriage
• Want vote to be a better mother and wife
• Vote is a practical issue
• Emerging concerns for children in a changing
  urban landscape

14
Late 19th Early 20th Century Family Patterns

• Reduction in size of family
• Child Labor Laws
• Children are an economic liability
• Increase in the emotional assets of children

15
Rise of Corporate America

• Any female wage workers were largely single
• Less than 10 of married women worked outside the
  home in 1900
• Increasing number of jobs in corporate America
  that get feminized (ex. secretaries, typists,
  switchboard operators, receptionists)

16
Municipal Housekeeping Movement of Progressive Era

• Tainted Milk
• Tainted Meat
• Child Urban Safety? construction of playgrounds
• Public Education ? School Boards

17
Womens Movement in Progressive Era

• NWSA and AWSA merge to form the NAWSA
• Stanton as president but is eventually edged out
  because she is judged far too radical
• Stantons Womens Bible

18
Womens Movement in Progressive Era

• Alice Paul forms radical National Womens Party
  in 1916
• Hunger Strikes
• Picketing
• Chaining Themselves to White House Fence/ Targets
  Wilsons Hesitance
• Both groups complement each other in a 1-2 punch

19
Womens Movement in Progressive Era

• 1912 TRs Bull Moose Party makes womens suffrage
  a plank in the party platform
• 1916 Jeanette Rankin first Congresswoman from
  Montana

20
Women in Great War

• Contributions to War Effort
• Utilize Public Leaflets/Posters

21
Nineteenth Amendment

• Ratified August 1920
• N.A.W.S.A. is dissolved and forms League of Women
  Voters