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 Chernobyl disaster and experience of
population protection from nuclear accident
 

• Boris Ledoshchuk, MD, PhD, Prof.
• Kiev Medical University
• Natalia Gudzenko, MD
• Research Center for Radiation
• Medicine of the AMS of Ukraine

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The outstanding prophylactic measures were
performed on the wide territories of Ukraine,
Russia and Belarus for the minimizing of the
population irradiation. Total number of the
resettled persons was more than 150 thousand
persons.
 
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Chernobyl Catastrophe Victims comprise four main
groups

• GGroup 1 persons involved in the clean-up
  operations at the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant
  (liquidators).
• GGroup 2 Persons evacuated from the exclusion
  zone in 1986 (evacuees)
• GGroup 3 Persons resident in the territories
  monitored (relocation zone) or resident there
  immediately after the accident (residents).
• GGroup 4. Children born to parents in Groups 1-3
  (offspring).

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Goals of the Registry creation and functioning
are
Ukrainian State Registry for the persons suffered
following Chernobyl catastrophe

• registration of sufferers
• monitoring of their health status changes in the
  short-term and long-term perspective for the
  medical and social interventions

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Structure of persons registered at the State
Chernobyl Registry (SChR), 2004
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Structure of the individual record of the State
Chernobyl Registry
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Main problems to be solved at the State Registry

• Completeness of the registration (hundred
  thousands of victims, living over the country)
• Completeness of the individual data collected
• (identification data, impact factor, possible
  modifiers of the effect, results of the medical
  examination)
• Quality of the data registered

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Structure of the male liquidators by years of
their clean-up activities (SChR data, 2004)
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Age structure of the male liquidators (SChR
data, 2004)
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Distribution of doses registered at the State
Chernobyl registry in liquidators in 1986-1989
 
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State Chernobyl Registry Feasibilities

• The State Registry is the sufficient tool of the
  registration and follow up of the Chernobyl
  Disaster victims
• It contains the personal data (names, addresses,
  dates of birth, death, diagnosing and
  registration, diagnosis)
• Contains all necessary peaces of information for
  the person identification and tracing

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State Chernobyl Registry Limitations

• Use of the radiation dose values officially
  registered in the SChR for the dose-dependent
  diseases risks estimation is limited by their
  incompleteness and uncertain precision
• No information on the modifiers of the risk
  factor
• The registration of the target diseases may be
  delayed and incomplete during the whole
  post-accidental period.
• The diseases registered need to be verified by
  experts panel to clarify the type of the
  diagnoses.

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The successful assessment of the health outcomes
of the Chernobyl Catastrophe and prevention of
the possible future negative effects is in the
combining of the international scientific,
financial and humanitarian effortes for the
solving these problems
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The suspected medical effects of the Chernobyl
disaster are being studied

• Ukrainian-American study of leukemia and related
  diseases in clean-up workers. (RCRM of the AMS of
  Ukraine, NCI, USA)
• Franco-German study of leukemia incidence in
  children and adults in several oblasts in
  Ukraine. (RCRM of the AMS of Ukraine)
• International Consortium For Research on the
  Health Effects of Radiation case-control study of
  childhood leukemia in Ukraine, Belarus, and
  Russia.
• Ukraine-Belarus-USA study on childhood thyroid
  cancer. (Institute of Endocrinology and
  Metabolism, Kiev, Ukraine, NCI, USA)
• The Ukrainian/American Chernobyl Ocular Study
  (UACOS)
• Preliminary study on the feasibility of
  case-control studies of breast cancer among
  residents of contaminated regions of Belarus,
  Russia and Ukraine. IARC and ICRHER

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Distribution of the information on the
radiological disasters and knowledge on the
effects of irradiation is a sufficient way of
population protection and safety

• Global System of the urgent information
  distribution on radiological accidents
• The IT technologies (SuperCourse)
• Scientific conferences and seminars
• Educational programs (IAEA, Japan, USA, Ukraine,
  Russia)

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• We are most grateful to Professor LaPorte and his
  colleagues for the great opportunity to
  participate the Symposium
• Prof. B.Ledoshchuk and Dr. N.Gudzenko