Greece

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Myths
The Arts
Culture
Olympics
Greece
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The Arts
Facts Hellenistic Period, Paintings,
Artists Temples Pots Statues
Pictures Theater Temple of Apollo Greek
Pot Statue of Alexander
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The Arts
Hellenistic Period, Paintings, Artists

• The Hellenistic Period of Greek art, 323 to 332
  B.C., is characterized with the great artistic
  centers spreading from the mainland to the
  islands.
• Greek paintings come mainly from paintings on
  pottery, Greek writings, and copies made by
  ancient Romans.
• The most famous Greek sculptors were Phidans,
  Praxitels, Lysippus, and Myron. Only a few
  paintings have survived.

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The Arts - Temples

• Greek temples are important in Greece. A Greek
  temple consisted of an arrangement of different
  columns around a long, inner chamber. The best
  known temples were in Athens around 400 B.C.
• The Greeks built the temple of Apollo at Didyma,
  Turkey (about 300 B.C.). The design of the
  temple was known as Dipteral, which means two
  sets of columns surrounding the interior section.

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The Arts
The Arts - Pots Statues

• The Greeks thought that there was a perfect
  shape for any object. It could be a simple clay
  pot or a huge temple. They used mathematics and
  ideas about what was good in art.
• Greek pots were used for storing water, oil, or
  wine, but some of them were used when they were
  buried.
• Greek statues were made from stone or bronze.
  The early statues were not life-like. As their
  skill developed they became better. Most stone
  statues were painted but have lost their color.

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Culture
Pictures Clothing Accessories Theater Masks
Facts Clothing Jewelry
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Culture - Clothing

• Islands began producing silk, a luxurious
  material that only rich people could afford.
• Most clothing was made out of wool or linen until
  they began importing cotton from India in the 5th
  century B.C.

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Culture - Clothing

• Men and womens clothing were very different but
  all that mattered was if you were in style.
• The most popular style was the Chiton and
  Himation. Himations were worn by men and Chitons
  by women.

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Culture - Jewelry

• Women were not very powerful outside their home
  so there was no point in dressing up. People
  that were wealthy wore fine jewelry.
• Jewelry was made out of silver, gold, and gold
  wire along with jewels, amethyst, and emeralds.

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Myths

• Stories
• The Gods
• Zeus
• Demeter
• Cyclops Cave
• Arachne

Pictures Hermes Zeus Mt. Olympus
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Myths - The Gods

Why Gods Were Created The gods were created to
explain how the world works and its teachings.
They also help explain nature and its forces.
Greeks believe in gods because generation after
generation told their families and friends the
stories and they passed them on. Soon the Greeks
started to believe so strongly that it became
their religion. There was a god for almost
everything.
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Myths - The Gods

The People Everyday they had life-giving, the
birth of people and animals and life-taking, such
as death. The people would pray to the gods for
help, love and beauty, a good life , before
battle, for help with crops, and for wisdom.
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Myths - The Gods
Mighty Figures There were two gods, Dionysus -
goddess of grapes and wine, and Demeter - goddess
of corn and growing things. These two were set
apart of the other twelve because they suffer
everlasting grief and they also are goddesses
of plants and living creatures. About the Gods
Gods are able to fall in love and get hurt, to
lie sometimes, and even die. They are just like
humans but they have special powers and are
greater than anything.
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Myths - The Gods
In ancient Greece there were many things in
nature that no one could explain. So as time
went on there started to be explanations. For
example, gods like Zeus who made it thunder and
lightning. The Greeks were not the only ones
who had myths. The Romans had the same gods but
different names.
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Myths - The Gods
Here is the list of Greek and Roman gods GREEK
ROMAN ZEUS
JUPITER HERA
JUNO POSEIDON
NEPTUNE HADES
PLUTO HESTIA
VESTA ARES
MARS
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Myths - The Gods
(continued) GREEK ROMAN DIONYSUS
DIONYSUS ATHENA
MINERVA APOLLO
APOLLO APHRODITE
VENUS HERMES
MERCURY ARTEMIS
DIANA HEPHESTUS VULCAN
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Myths - The Gods
Zeus was father to many of the gods. His first
child was Hermes who had winged ankles and a hat,
and traveled faster than thought. He also had
twins, Apollo and Artemis. Apollo ruled the Sun
and Artemis ruled the Moon. Another was
Aphrodite, goddess of love and beauty. Other
children included Ares, god of war, and Athena,
goddess of wisdom, who sprang armed and fully
grown from her fathers head.
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Myths - The Gods
Zeus was married to Hera and he learned not to
cheat on her for he feared his wifes power. He
also had two brothers, Poseidon, who ruled the
seas and waters, and Hades, who ruled the
underworld and the dead. The gods were said
to live on Mount Olympus where they feasted on
nectar and ambrosia. Two of the gods lived on
Earth, Dionysus, goddess of grapes and wine, and
Demeter, goddess of corn and growing things.
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Myths - Zeus
Gaea, the Earth, and Uranos, the sky and
mountains, was born of Chaos. Uranos was
Gaeas equal so brother and sister gave birth to
the first divine generation. Cronus and Rea,
Gaea and Uranus children, gave birth to the
second divine generation. They gave birth to six
children. Five of them were swallowed by their
father, Cronus. When Rea gave birth to the sixth
child, she saved him from his father. She named
him Zeus. Zeus was hidden and was raised on
goats milk from his pet goat, Amalthea, and the
honey from the bees.
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Myths - Zeus

When Zeus grew older he tricked his father
into drinking a drug that would bring back to
life his five children he had swallowed. When
Demeter, Hera, Hades, and Poseidon came back to
life they helped their younger brother, Zeus,
kill Cronus and the Titans. Zeus became god of
the heavens and Hades, god of the underworld.
Poseidon became god of the sea. Hera and Zeus
were married and Hera became queen of the
heavens.
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Myths - Demeter


Demeter was goddess of the Earth and mother of
Persephone, her only daughter. Hades was god of
the underworld and deeply in love with
Persephone. He asked Zeus, ruler of all the
gods, to get married to her. Zeus agreed for
them to get married. One day Persephone was
out picking wild flowers. She didnt know
anything about Hades. As she was picking wild
flowers she found a flower so beautiful that she
had never seen . She wanted to be the first to
pick the flower. Then the Earth opened and she
fell down to the underworld. She was forced to
marry to Hades.
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Myths - Demeter


Demeter was very sad and would not do anything
to help the Earth. She said that she wouldnt do
anything until her daughter returned. Zeus
ordered her to come back and when Persephone
heard this she was so happy that she could eat.
She ate eight seeds and went home. When Demeter
saw her she was happy. Her mother asked
her if she ate anything and she said only eight
seeds. Her mother said she would have to live
for eight months of the year in the underworld
with Hades and four months on Earth with Demeter.
So that is how winter and summer started.
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Myths
The Cyclops Cave The Cyclops is the story about
a monster. A man named Ulysses came along with
his men and bumped into the monster. The monster
liked to eat men so he started to eat Ulysses
men. Ulysses got very mad so he started to talk
to the monster. He asked him if he had ever had
wine. The monster answered, No, so he offered
him some. The monster took it, drank the whole
bottle, and got very drunk and very tired. The
monster asked what Ulysses name was. He
answered, Nobody.
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Myths

The Cyclops Cave (continued) Ulysses told him
that he should take a nap and the monster did.
Ulysses and the men that were left came up with a
plan to stick a sword in the Cyclops eye. Most
of the men held on to the monsters arms while
Ulysses was holding the sword above his eye. He
struck it in his eye and the Cyclops woke and was
screaming. The men got away and the other
Cyclops came and asked who did this to him. He
said, Nobody did it! Nobody did it!
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Myths
How Arachne Turned Into a Spider! Arachne was
a weaver, a weaver whom all the people loved. An
elderly woman came up to her. You weave very
well but youre not the best weaver! Arachne
got mad and said, Who do you think is the best
weaver? I know who the best weaver is. Its
Athena, the beautiful goddess of wisdom! Im
better than she is at weaving! Little did
she know Athena was dressed up as an elderly
woman. Athena got really mad and challenged her
to a weaving contest. Arachne said yes!
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Myths
How Arachne Turned Into a Spider!
(continued) Arachne made a very mean weaving
making fun of the gods and goddesses. Then
Athena got so mad she broke the weaving and
Arachne felt so foolish she hung herself.
Athena felt badly and said, Live, but you shall
know what you have done and hang for all eternity
as a spider! I think this myth is supposed to
teach you about not being selfish or that no one
is better than anybody else.
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Olympics
Facts Introduction The Gods Events
Pictures Mt. Olympus Mt. Olympus (with spear
discus) Sport Equipment Horse, Wheel, Boxing
Glove Discus, Javelin, Boxer
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Olympics - Introduction

• The Olympics were the most important of all the
  Greek games.
• The Greeks held their first Olympics in 776 B.C.
• The games were named after Mount Olympus, the
  highest peak in Greece.
• Like all major sports contests, the Olympic Games
  were part of their religious festival.
• Olympia was a perfect site for sports competition
  because the land in the broad river valley was
  flat.
• Girls and slaves were forbidden to compete in the
  Olympic games.
• Women were absolutely forbidden to attend the
  games. Those who tried to see the competition
  were subject to the death penalty!

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Olympics - The Gods

• The main purpose of the Olympics and other public
  events and festivals was to honor the gods.
• Greek games took place at four different
  shrines. Those games that honored the god Zeus
  took place at Olympia and Nemea those
  celebrating Poseidon were played at Isthmia in
  Cornith and Apollos games were held at Delphi.

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Olympics - The Gods

• The Olympic games honored Zeus, the father of the
  Greek Gods. The games were named after Mount
  Olympus, the highest peak in Greece. The Greeks
  believed that Zeus sat on a golden throne atop
  Mount Olympus and ruled all other gods and all of
  the Greeks.
• The Greeks believed that Zeus and the other gods
  took special delight in watching great athletes
  display their skill and strength in opening
  competition.

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Olympics - Events

• The Greeks considered the Olympics so important
  that nothing, not even war, was allowed to
  interfere with them.
• Every fourth summer, hundreds of Greeks stopped
  whatever they were doing and set off to Olympia
  to attend the Olympic games.
• At first this competition consisted of one event,
  a foot-race of about 200 yards.
• Later the Olympics were expanded to include
  longer races, wrestling, boxing, discus throwing,
  horse races, and chariot races.
• Women had their own games, held every four years
  in honor of Hera.
• Coroebus became the first recorded winner at the
  Olympic games.

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