Passing of Traits

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Passing of Traits
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Traits

• Traits are the set of characteristics that an
  organism inherits from its parents.
• Traits are determined by the genetic material
  that is passed from parents to offspring.
• An organisms genetic material (DNA) is contained
  in the cells that make up that organism.

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Examples of Traits

• Physical Traits
• Eye color
• Eye shape
• Hair color
• Type of hair
• Freckles
• Nose
• Thumb

• Hereditary Disorders
• Sickle cell anemia
• Downs Syndrome
• Huntingtons disease
• Marfans syndrome
• Dwarfism
• Hemophilia
• Colorblindness

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Passing of Traits

• Scientists who study the passing of traits are
  called geneticists.
• Geneticists use Pedigree charts to study the
  passing of traits through a family to determine
  if a particular trait is going to show.

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Pedigree Charts

• To the right is a Pedigree chart.
• A pedigree chart is very much like a family tree.
• Pedigree charts are like a map of where
  particular traits have come from.

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Pedigree Charts (contd)

• The squares represent males and the circles
  represent females.
• Horizontal lines between a circle and a square
  indicate a couple who has reproduced.

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Pedigree Charts (contd)

• In this pedigree chart, the red colored circles
  and squares indicate the individuals whom have
  the trait being examined.

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What have you learned so far?

• In this Pedigree, how many children did the first
  couple have?
• 5
• 6
• 8
• 9

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What have you learned so far?

• In this Pedigree, how many grandchildren do the
  first couple have
• 8
• 9
• 10
• 19

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What have you learned so far?

• In this Pedigree, how many of the first couples
  children had children?
• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

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What have you learned so far?

• In this Pedigree, the child highlighted received
  its affected gene from its
• Mothers mother
• Mothers Father
• Fathers Father
• Fathers Mother

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What have you learned so far?

• In this Pedigree, what is the reason the
  indicated child does not show the affected trait?
• Because the child is a boy.
• Because the child is a girl
• Because the mother didnt give the trait to the
  child
• Because the father didnt give it to the child.