What

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Whats New in Hydroacoustics?September 2008

• Kevin Oberg

With help from David Mueller, Chad Wagner, Ryan
Jackson, Mike Rehmel, and Jon Czuba
2
Whats New?

• Equipment
• Software
• Methods Policy
• Publications
• Training

• RS Live, RiverRay, ADC
• WRII, new tools
• Moving bed tests, Other
• New reports
• Webinars, schedule for formal training courses,
  Web-based training

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
3
New SonTek YSI Profilers
S5

• 5-beam profiler
• 4 beam Janus configuration
• 3 Mhz
• Velocity profiling range 0.2 m to 5.0 m
• 1 vertical beam for depth measurement
• 1 Mhz
• Range 0.15 - 15m

Pre-release specs Subject to change
Units not available for sale Oct. 2008
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
4
New SonTek YSI Profilers

• 9-beam 3-frequency profiler
• 4 beams at 1 Mhz
• 4 beams at 3 Mhz
• 1 beam _at_ 500 kHz (depth)
• Nominal velocity profiling range 0.3 m 30.0 m
• Vertical beam range 80m

M9
Units not available for sale Oct. 2008
Pre-release specs Subject to change
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
5
Prototype ADP, GPS, Float
SonTek/YSI plans to offer a trimaran and their
own monohull design, not necessarily similar to
this monohull
Pre-release specs Subject to change
Units not available for sale Oct. 2008
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Automatic Configuration

• Automatic velocity cell size adjustment
• Automatic switching between pulse-coherent and
  narrowband
• M9 profiler will switch between 1 and 3 Mhz on
  the fly

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
7
Software and Data

• Data are stored in profiler.
• Data viewed and profiler controlled with laptop
  and/or Windows Mobile device (Motorola Q Phone)
• Bluetooth or Freewave telemetry

Pre-release specs Subject to change
Units not available for sale Oct. 2008
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
8
Ott ADC
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Comparison Qms
Site FlowT Q ADC Q Diff. Comments
Copper Slough 7.80 7.74 -0.85 Slight difference in XS-rod placement
Palos Park 5.48 4.83 -11.8 High velocity fluctuations
Oakwood 226 223 -1.69
Bismarck 142 145 1.84 Small velocity fluctuations
Joliet 67.9 69.2 1.86 Flow angles?
Coal City 162 173 6.60 Horizontal velocity gradient/turbulence
Flossmoor 9.56 9.80 2.44 Low velocity spikes due to large cobbles (both FT and ADC)
Oak Forest 5.11 4.61 -9.74 Large velocity gradient
Mean -1.4
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Lag in Velocity Due to Sampling Volume
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
11
Sampling Volume
FlowTracker
Ott ADC
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
12
ADC Enhancements

• Compute/record/display flow angles
• Store velocity time series (not just final value)
• Provide software that supports analysis of above
  data
• Real time beam checks
• When point velocity measurement is invalid,
  prompt user for doing another velocity
  observation (at a different location)
• Working with Ott to implement enhancements

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
13
TRDI RiverRay

• Phased array transducer (flat face)
• 30-degree beams (larger unmeasured area)
• Single frequency 600 kHz
• 2 prototypes delivered in September

Units not available for sale as of Sept. 2008
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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TRDI RiverRay

• Integrated float with Bluetooth comms (default)

Units not available for sale as of Sept. 2008
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
15
RiverRay Features

• Will default to an auto mode.
• Will consist of both pulse coherent (WM 5/11-like
  and incoherent modes (WM1) all at the same time
• Depth cell sizes will depend on depth and which
  mode is used to make the velocity measurement

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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TRDI RiverRay
Depth Measurement Type Ambiguity resolution Depth cells/size Depth cells/size
lt 0.6 m 3 pulse-coherent (PC) pings None 5 10 cm
0.6 1.5 m Pulse coherent modes (WM 5/11 like) Yes 20 cm
1.5 5.0 m Attempt pulse-coherent if not use mode 1/12 type mode For PC mode ? 20 cm
5.0 10 m 2 near-surface PC pings, Ambiguity ping plus as many WM1-like pings as can be done to get 1-sec update rate ? 40 cm
10 20 m Same as above ? 80 cm
This information is preliminary and subject to
change
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
17
Use of Ultra-Mobile PCs

• Example UMPC with Wireless and Bluetooth
• Cost 1,000
• Instrument News article Sonny Anderson

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
18
High Speed Tethered Boat

• Noticed many problems in fast flows
• Air entrainment and/or ADCP being pulled out of
  the water
• RFP for a new boat is out.

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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RC Boat OceanScience
Problems with High-speed boat - nose submerging
in low velocities. Caused by deformation of
plastic used. OS working on solution.
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
20
RC Boat SeaRobotics
CA WSC using 2 boats for mapping applications.
Still some work needed
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
21
WinRiver II Status

• Numerous bugs in version 2.02
• OSW has tested several beta releases since early
  August.
• Program is more stable now waiting on a final
  beta to test
• Release of 2.03 in November?

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Communications

• OSW strongly encourages users to use
  USB-to-serial adapters with laptops even those
  that have a built-in RS-232
• See Hydroacoustics Forums for info on suggested
  models (https//simon.er.usgs.gov/smf/)
• HIF will stock a 2-port USB-to-serial adapter for
  purchase. Cost 35.

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
23
MidSection Software Sontek

• Methods as documented by Sontek seem correct
• Limited testing has been done

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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MidSection (SxS) Software TRDI

• Some concerns about algorithms used in TRDI SxS
  software
• WRII 2.02 SxS can crash and user will be unable
  to resume Qm
• TRDI addressing technical concerns. Changes may
  appear in WRII version 2.03?
• Very limited testing

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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MidSection Software

• OSW strongly discourages use of home-grown SxS
  computations due to various possible technical
  problems such as
• Flow angles
• Extrapolation
• Valid manual computations are time consuming and
  are difficult to check

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Automated QA / QC
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Automated QA / QC

• Prototype auto QA/QC delivered to TRDI and SonTek
  18 months ago.
• Both vendors say they are committed to
  incorporating this into their software.
• TRDI has promised to focus on this in their first
  major update to WinRiver II in 2009
• SonTek/YSI is incorporating some of this into
  RiverSurveyor-Live software

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
28
Extrapolation Analysis Tool
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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SMBA(Stationary Moving bed Analysis)

• Updated to process corrections from multiple
  moving bed tests
• Effectiveness of the approach used to do this is
  still being studied

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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LC (Loop Correction)

• Distributes loop correction across cross section
  based on near bed velocities
• Preferred loop correction method
• Improvements planned
• User interface
• Check quality of compass cal
• Report number of invalid ensembles

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
31
GPS Collect VTG GGA

• VTG is Doppler-based measurement
• Less sensitive to multi-path effects
• Usually results in better quality data

VTG
GGA
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Moving-Bed Tests

• USGS policy will require that a moving-bed test
  (MBT) be collected prior to every Qm
• No exceptions!
• Use the SMBA and LC software to analyze MBTs

560 feet in 540 s gt 1 ft/s MB velocity
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Moving-Bed Tests

• Three acceptable methods for performing a MBT
• stationary test - no GPS
• stationary test - with GPS, or
• the loop method
• For stationary MBTs, we suggest multiple MBTs

Deployment Duration of SMBTs
Tethered boat 5 minutes
Anchored boat 5 minutes
Boat with DGPS 5 minutes
All other 10 minutes
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Moving-Bed Conditions

• Order of preference
• DGPS
• Loop correction method
• Multiple stationary MBTs
• Section by section software

Method Requirements Requirements
DGPS Valid GPS data Valid Compass Calibration
Loop Maintain BT Valid Compass Calibration
SMBTs Remain stationary Valid BT for transects
Midsection Use mfgr software
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Current USGS Policy for Qms

• USGS policy is that 4-transect mean is used as a
  measured discharge under steady flow conditions
• Policy was arrived at somewhat arbitrarily did
  not have a rigorous scientific basis
• Reflects need to have good spatial and temporal
  averaging

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
36
Number of Transects Analysis

• 28 comparisons having 12-transects were used
• 12-transect mean was assumed to be true Q
• Percent difference for 1-, 2-, 4-, 6- and 8-pass
  means computed

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
37
RG Exposure Time Analysis
Oberg and Mueller (2007a). Validation of
Streamflow Measurements Made with ADCPs. Journal
of Hydraulic Engineering, 133(12), 1421-1432.
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Exposure Time For ADCP Qms

• Exposure time (D) is the total time spent
  sampling the flow
• Oberg and Mueller (2007) suggest that D is more
  important than number of transects for reducing
  uncertainty in Q
• OSW is conducting tests to validate this
  hypothesis

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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StreamPro Exposure Time
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Validation Data
Possible policy For steady flows, D must be
720 s minimum of 2 transects
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Discharge Measure-ment Manual

• Techniques and Methods Report
• Expected to be approved and published Oct-Dec
  2008
• Compilation of OSW technical memos, QA Plan, and
  Simpson report, plus new guidance
• Replacement for Simpson report

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
42
Capability Fact Sheet
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Evaluation of GPS Receivers and VTG

• Report will be published in 2009.
• Selected results
• Recommend use Novatel Smart Antenna or Hemisphere
  Crescent A100
• Trimble AgGPS 132 and similar models have some
  known issues with VTG data
• Testing of these receivers is underway
  Environment Canada uses Novatel
• Dont use handheld receivers

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
44
Using ADCPs in Moving Bed Conditions

• Web-based class has been developed
• Currently undergoing review / revision
• Should be available early in FY09
• Will be offered via NTC / DOILearn

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
45
Status of Classes

• 10 12 1-week classes taught annually!
• 7 Basic ADCP
• 2 Index Velocity
• 2 Refresher classes
• Classes are in high demand.
• Short courses at Data Conferences elsewhere
• Possible velocity mapping / analysis class in
  late 2009

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
46
Proposed Schedule
Course ID USGS Classes Date Location
SW1321 Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's 10/27/08 Louisville, KY
SW1319 Streamflow Record Computation using ADVM's and Index-velocity Methods 11/18/08 Denver, CO
SW1321 Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's 01/26/09 Houston, TX
SW1321 Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's 03/23/09 Orlando, FL
SW2441 Introduction to WinRiver II and ADCP Refresher with StreamPro 05/04/09 Asheville, NC
SW1321 Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's (SonTek) 05/04/09 Louisville, KY
SW1321 Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's 05/18/09 Lowell, MA
SW1319 Streamflow Record Computation using ADVM's and Index-velocity Methods 07/14/09 Denver, CO
SW2441 Introduction to WinRiver II and ADCP Refresher with StreamPro 08/03/09 Portland, OR
SW1321 Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's 08/24/09 Portland, OR
Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
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Other Training Info

• Will be looking to add new Web-based classes,
  perhaps Key Concepts, Water Modes, etc. (costly)
• OSW has maintained their own training
  registration system. We will no longer use that
  system. Users will register via DOILearn.
• Supervisor approvals needed in timely manner if
  you want to get into the class

Equipment Software
Methods/Policy Publications
Training
48
Questions?
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Changes Needed

• SxS
• GPS Loop (1 and 2) after that multiple MBTs
  and SxS are even. If cannot BT
• GPS have to have good GPS and comp cal
• Loop must be able to BT and comp cal
• SMBT -
• Home-grown SxS
• Caveats about units not available for sale
• HIF Stocking USB-serial