Chapter 15 From CFSP to ESDP

1
Chapter 15 From CFSP to ESDP

• Cini (ed.) European Union Politics, 2nd edition
• OUP Online Teaching Resources

2
Structure of the Lecture

• History of European Political Cooperation
• The Changing Context of European Foreign Policy
• Common Foreign and Security Policy
• The Institutional Framework
• The Global War on Terror

3
History of European Political Cooperation

• Establishment of European Political Cooperation
  (EPC)
  
• A product of Luxembourg Report of 1970
• Incorporated into the European Community by the
  1987 SEA

4
History of European Political Cooperation

• Problems of the management of EPC - TROIKA
• Limited scope for continuity and long-term
  planning due to the EU presidency (changed every
  six months)
  
• Consequently hindering EU efforts to formulate
  common position

5
History of European Political Cooperation

• Criticism on EPC
• Joint position weak and lacking in substance
• Absence of a common European response to the
  collapse of the Soviet Union

6
The Changing Context of European Foreign Policy
7
Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)

• The Treaty on the European Union (TEU) at
  Maastricht
  
• Agreed on CFSP formed the second pillar of the
  EU
  
• Intergovernmental / a unanimous voting in the
  CFSPs decision-making
  
• Common positions by the EU Council / Joint
  Actions
  
• Establishing a review procedure for CFSP a
  Reflection Group

8
Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)

• The Amsterdam Treaty
• Introduction of constructive abstention
• Creation of the High Representative for CFSP
• Creation of the Policy Planning Early Warning
  Unit in the Council Secretariat
  
• Introducing Common Strategy

9
Institutional Framework

• The Nice Treaty
• Empower the Commission bring EU foreign and
  security policy closer to Brussels, but reaffirm
  the primacy of the member governments
  
• A Political and Security Committee (PSC) chaired
  by the High Representative

10
Institutional Framework

• The Constitutional Treaty
• Bring ESDP and CFSP even closer to Brussels
  within a new policy named Common Security and
  Defence Policy

11
Institutional Framework

• Financing Operational Expenditure
• The CFSPs overall budget for 2005 EUR 62.6
  million (1 of the entire budget for external
  relations)
  
• Reforms of the budget in the Maastricht and
  Amsterdam Treaties
  
• Still problematic of the budget-arrangements

12
The Global War on Terror (GWOT)

• Creating new domestic and external agenda
• Domestic Agenda immigration, policing,
  intelligence
  
• External Agenda expeditionary warfare efforts of
  the US and its allies in Afghanistan and Iraq

13
The Global War on Terror (GWOT)

• A large pan-European investment in technology-led
  measures
  
• Electronic intelligence, broader surveillance and
  control measures
  
• Constructing a European Security Strategy
  (December 2003)
  
• Identifying key threats to the EU terrorism, the
  proliferation of weapons of mass destruction,
  regional conflict, failed states, and organised
  crime