Introduction to Systems and Diseases

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Introduction toSystems and Diseases
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Levels of body organization
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Tissues A group of cells working together for a
common function

• Epithelial tissue
• Connective tissue
• Muscular tissue
• Nervous tissue

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Anatomy

• The study of structure

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Physiology

• The study of function

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Pathology

• The study of disease

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Homeostasis

• Balance
• Internal dynamic equilibrium
• Maintains health
• Lose homeostasis and youre sick

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Disease

• Characterized by signs and symptoms
• Signs are objective e.g. body temperature
• Symptoms are subjective e.g. tired

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Inflammation

• -itis is suffix meaning inflammation e.g.
  dermatitis
• Alerts us to a problem
• Isolates and/or removes damaged cells
• Prepares for healing

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Inflammation

• Signs and symptoms
• Red
• Heat
• Swelling
• Pain

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• Acute sudden illness, short-lived e.g. 24
  hour flu
• Chronic gradual long-term illness e.g.
  osteoarthritis

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Infection

• The presence and multiplication of microorganisms
• Note MOST microorganisms do NOT cause disease,
  but we will only talk about those that do

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Bacteria
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Bacteria
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Virus
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Parasite
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Modes of obtaining infection

• Airborne
• Direct contact
• Ingestion
• Normal inhabitant of body
• Mom to fetus
• Sexually transmitted

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Modes of obtaining infection

• Animals
• Insects
• Blood transfusion
• Other

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