Earth

1
Earths Atmosphere

• Why is it so important to life on earth?

2
Earths atmosphere is made up of 4 different
layers
3
Did you know that The Science Monkeys Took
Steven?
Say it with me

• The
• Science
• Monkeys
• Took
• Steven

4
I know you are thinkingwhat is he talking
about???

• The
• Science
• Monkeys
• Took
• Steven
• MEANS.

• Troposphere
• Stratosphere
• Mesosphere
• Thermosphere
• Space
• THE 4 LAYERS OF THE EARTHS ATMOSPHERE FROM THE
  EARTH OUT!

5
Why is the atmosphere divided into 4 different
layers?

• Any guesses?

• The atmosphere is divided into four different
  layers because the atmosphere is not uniform, its
  properties change with altitude.
• Two properties change with altitude, the AIR
  PRESSURE and the AIR TEMPERATURE
• Lets look at each layer individually.

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The first layer of the atmosphere is the
TROPOSPHERE

• The troposphere is the layer of the atmosphere
  nearest to earth.
• The troposphere goes from 0km to 10km.
• About 75 of the air in the total atmosphere is
  in this layervery dense.
• Main gases are nitrogen and oxygen

7
Troposphere continued

• Only layer that can support life
• The temperature drops as the altitude increases
• Bottom of Troposphere is about 120ºF
• Top of troposphere is about -94ºF
• All weather happens in the troposphere, clouds
  develop, birds fly, pollution collects.
• Harmful ozone is found hereIT CREATES SMOG!
• Pressure
• Bottom 1000mb
• Top 200mb

8
What is OZONE?

• A gaseous layer in the upper atmosphere that
  protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet
  radiation. At lower levels, ozone becomes a major
  pollutant.

What is SMOG?

• Pollution formed by the interaction of pollutants
  and sunlight (photochemical smog), usually
  restricting visibility, and occasionally
  hazardous to health.

9
The second layer of the atmosphere is the
STRATOSPHERE

• The stratosphere goes from 10km to 30 km.
• The temperature goes up with altitude.
• Bottom -94ºF
• Top 64ºF
• Temperature increase is due to ozone layer that
  absorbs energy from the suns UV rays and
  converts it to heat
• The protective ozone is at the top of the
  stratosphere
• ozone layer only 3 millimeters (3 mm) thick all
  together

10
STRATOSDPHERE CONT

• Most jets fly in this layer.
• Rivers of air, called Jet Streams, can be found
  at the base of this layer.
• Contains 24 of the atmospheres total air, mass,
  and molecules- air is less dense than the
  troposphere
• Pressure
• Bottom 200mb
• Top 1mb

11
The third layer of the atmosphere is the
MESOSPHERE

• The Mesosphere goes from 30km to 50km.
• In the mesosphere, the temperature drops with
  altitude.
• Bottom64ºF
• Top -143ºF
• The mesosphere is the coldest layer of the
  atmosphere.

12
MESOSPHERE CONT

• Radio waves are reflected back to earth in the
  mesosphere.
• Meteors burn up in this layer
• Less than 1 of the atmospheres total air, mass,
  and molecules are here, so the molecules are very
  far apart
• Pressure
• Bottom 1mb
• Top .005mb

13
The fourth layer of the atmosphere is the
THERMOSPHERE

• The thermosphere goes from 50km to 1000km.
• In the thermosphere the temperature goes up with
  altitude.
• Bottom -143F
• Top 3600F
• The thermosphere is the hottest layer of the
  atmosphere.

14
Thermosphere cont

• Made of 2 sub layers
• Ionosphere (50km to 600km)
• Exosphere (600km to 1000km)
• Satellites orbit in the exosphere
• Curtains of light called auroras occur in the
  ionosphere layer.
• The Ionosphere is the component of the
  thermosphere that makes the auroras
• Pressure
• Bottom .005mb
• Top 0mb
• The air molecules for so thin in this layer they
  are negligible. We can say the density is 0 of
  the atmospheres mass

15
GOOD LUCK!

• It is important to understand the different
  characteristics of the earths atmosphere. As
  you go through the following slides, challenge
  yourself to see who can name the correct layer in
  which each characteristic can be found.

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THERMOSPHERE/EXOSPHERE
17
MESOSPHERE
18
THERMOSPHERE
19
TROPOSPHERE
20
STRATOSPHERE
21
THERMOSPHERE
OR THE IONOSPHERE
22
MESOSPHERE
23
Pressure and Temp. Graph
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Links for more info
http//san.hufs.ac.kr/gwlee/session1/layers.html

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p.edu/geo/faculty/heywood/GEOG101/airstruc/layers.
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Now that you are all experts on the
atmospherecontinue with your study of
meteorology!