Earth

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Earths Layers Rocks

• By
• Brianna Shields
• October 7, 2005

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DO NOW

• 1. The variables in an experiment that are kept
  the same between each part of the experiment are
  called.?
• 2. The variable that is measured as a result of
  an experiment is called?
• 3. How do you label the volume of a liquid?

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GOAL

• To draw and label the parts of the Earth
• To become familiar with how to identify different
  rocks and minerals by describing their
  characteristics

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Earths Layers

• Layers of the crust

• Lithosphere- solid rock, minerals and soil

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Earths Layers

• Layers of the crust

• Hydrosphere- liquid part, with oceans and water

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Earths Layers

• Layers of the crust

• Atmosphere- layers of gas surrounding the earth

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Earths Layers

• Interior Layers

• Crust- loose rocks and soil on earths surface

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Earths Layers

• Interior Layers

• Mantle- below crust, hard but flexible molten rock

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Earths Layers

• Interior Layers

• Outer core- melted metals, below the mantle

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Earths Layers

• Interior Layers

• Inner core- solid metal, pressure is so high,
  liquids are squeezed into solids

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Earths Layers

• Atmospheric Layers

• Made of N, O, CO2 and H

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Earths Layers

• Atmospheric Layers

• Farthest Thermosphere
• Mesosphere
• Stratosphere
• Troposphere

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Earths Layers

• Atmospheric Layers

• Stratosphere- contains ozone layers which block
  suns UV radiation that causes skin cancer

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Earths Layers

• Atmospheric Layers

• Troposphere- Where weather occurs

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Earths Layers

• Air Pressure

• Decreases as you go farther from earths surface

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Assessment One

• 1. Name the 3 spheres of the Earth
• 2. Describe the Earths top two interior layers
• 3. Describe the Earths bottom two interior
  layers
• 4. Compare the stratosphere and troposphere
• 5. Explain what happens to pressure as you exit
  the earths surface

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The Rock Cycle

• Rock Cycle

• Igneous- formed when magma rises to the earths
  surface hardens
• Ex granite, basalt, pumice, obsidian

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The Rock Cycle

• Rock Cycle

• Sedimentary- layers of rock fragments pile up and
  begin to harden and cement together
• Ex shale, sandstone, conglomerate limestone

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The Rock Cycle

• Rock Cycle

• Metamorphic- existing rocks are changed into new
  types because of great heat pressure
• Ex quartzite, marble slate

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Assessment Two

• Look at the rock cycle in your notes
• Connect each rock type with the geological
  process that transforms the rock

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Mineral Characteristics

• Acid Test

• Whether minerals bubble when acid is dropped on
  them

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Mineral Characteristics

• Color

• Color of a mineral

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Mineral Characteristics

• Crystal Shape

• The natural formation of the particles/crystals

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Mineral Characteristics

• Density

• The mass of a mineral compared to its volume

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Mineral Characteristics

• Hardness

• How a resistant a mineral is to being scratched

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Mineral Characteristics

• Luster

• The way a mineral reflects light (metallic or
  nonmetallic)

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Mineral Characteristics

• Cleavage

• The patterned way a mineral splits

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Mineral Characteristics

• Streak

• The color of powder left by a mineral when rubbed
  on a rough tile

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Assessment Three
Cleavage?
Luster?
Streak?
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Problems with the Atmosphere

• Ozone Depletion

• CFCs from aerosols refrigerants break down the
  ozone layer

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Problems with the Atmosphere

• Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming

• Excess CO2 pollution in air blankets the earth,
  trapping in heat and raising the temp

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Homework

• What do you think is the most significant
  problem caused by global warming?
• Defend your opinion with atleast one piece of
  evidence
• You may use a computer, newspaper, magazine, etc.
• You must post your opinion on Mrs. Shields Weblog