Lecture 27: Climate Change, Ecology and Society. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 31
About This Presentation
Title:

Lecture 27: Climate Change, Ecology and Society.

Description:

Dendrochronology is the dating and study of annual rings in trees. Total ring width: ... just the dark bands. Latewood density: darkness of dark band ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:302
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 32
Provided by: evanhd
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Lecture 27: Climate Change, Ecology and Society.


1
(No Transcript)
2
Lecture 27 Climate Change, Ecology and
Society.  
  • By the end of this lecture you should be able to
  • Describe the projected effects of the rapid
    change in climate driven by human alteration of
    the C cycle.
  • Discuss potential feedbacks that may accelerate
    global warming.
  • Concepts and terms boreal forest and the arctic
  •  Discuss the Niche concept and how it is used to
    construct the distribution of future ecosystems.
  •  Describe how paleoecology is used to understand
    the relationship between climate and ecosystem
    function.
  • Describe how ancient soils and fossils are dated.
  • Concepts and terms 14C, half life, radioactive
    decay
  • Discuss basic principles of dendroecology.
  • Concepts and terms  tree rings
  • Describe how small changes in climate may alter
    human affairs.
  • Reference Readings
  • http//www.fs.fed.us/ne/delaware/atlas/Launch
    the atlas
  • http//tree.ltrr.arizona.edu/

3
Variations of the Earths Surface Temperature on
Two Time Scales
  • relative to 1961-1990 average

Source IPCC TAR 2001
4
Projected Changes in Annual Temperatures for the
2050s
The projected change is compared to the present
day with a 1 increase per year in equivalent CO2
Source The Met Office. Hadley Center for Climate
Prediction and Research
5
Projected Changes in Annual Precipitation for the
2050s
The projected change is compared to the present
day with a 1 increase per year in equivalent CO2
Source The Met Office. Hadley Center for Climate
Prediction and Research
6
(No Transcript)
7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
  • Direct effect
  • Feedback

10
(No Transcript)
11
Historical Trends in Lake and River Ice Covering
the Northern Hemisphere
  • freeze date gt 5.8 days / 100 yrs
  • thaw date lt 6.5 days / 100 yrs
  • temperature change 1.2oC / 100 yrs
  • J.J. Magnuson et al. Science 289, 1743-1746 (2000)

12
(No Transcript)
13
What are these??? Water Use Efficiency
Photosynthesis/Transpiration
14
(No Transcript)
15
Niche all resources required by a species
16
Present
2X CO2
http//www.fs.fed.us/ne/delaware/atlas/Launch
the atlas
17
http//www.fs.fed.us/ne/delaware/atlas/s131f.html
18
http//www.fs.fed.us/ne/delaware/atlas/web_atlas.h
tmlAllSpp
19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
Natural Experiments of the Past
22
(No Transcript)
23
Annual layers radiocarbon (14C) technique
24
Carbon 14 Dating
14N n gt 14C p 14C gt 14N b T1/2 5563
years, after 10 half lives undetectable. T ln
(Nf/No)/(-0.69)T1/2
http//www.c14dating.com/index.html
25
(No Transcript)
26
http//www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/forest/htmls
/an_nelson.html
27
Earth's oldest living inhabitant at 4,767 years,
White-Inyo mountain range of California.
Bristlecone pine ghost
http//www.sonic.net/bristlecone/Images.html
28
Dendrochronology is the dating and study of
annual rings in trees.
http//tree.ltrr.arizona.edu/dendrochronology.html
29
(No Transcript)
30
Little Ice Age 1550-1850 (coldest-early 1800s)
Global mean temperature decreases lt 1 oC
Crop failure in Scotland
10 of Scotland migrates to Ulster (N. Ireland)
Massive population growth in Ireland Dependence
on one crop
1845. Potato Blight originates in Peru. Crop
failure - 1 million die in Ireland
Rapid warming at end of LIA warm and wet in
Ireland
31
Extreme Events
Judgmental estimates of confidence by IPCC very
likely - 90-99 chance, likely - 66-90 chance.
Source IPCC TAR 2001
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com