Cell Organelles

1
Cell Organelles

• Eukaryotic Cells

2
Cell Parts

• Cells the basic unit of life
• Organelles - small structures inside a cell with
  specific functions.

Analogy City of Rocklin
3
A) Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane
Cell membrane

• Function Regulates materials entering and
  exiting the cell.
• Structure Two layers of phospholipids, proteins

Analogy Rocklin city limits
4
B) Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm

• Function All cell contents that lie between the
  cell membrane and the nucleus. (organelles
  cytosol)
• a. Cytosol liquid portion/non-organelles.
• Structure made up of fluid and organelles except
  for nucleus

Analogy All air, water, life that are in
Rocklin, except City Hall
5
C) Nucleus
Nucleus

• Function Control Center. Regulates DNA RNA
  actions.
• Structure membrane bound, contains DNA

Analogy City Hall
6
D) Nuclear Envelope
Nuclear Envelope

• Function Regulates what enters or exits the
  nucleus.
• Structure Double Layer of Lipids

Analogy Walls Doors of City Hall
7
E) Nucleolus
Nucleolus

• Function Produces RNA, which are used to make
  all proteins.
• Structure Inside Nucleus, separate from DNA

Analogy The Mayor
8
F) DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA (chromatin)

• Function information on how to make proteins.
• Chromatin unorganized DNA (normal state)
• Chromosomes organized DNA (present before cell
  division
• Structure Made up of nucleotides, locked in the
  nucleus

Analogy The Laws or City Code
9
G) Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough ER
Smooth ER

• Function Transportation route for proteins.
• Rough ER has ribosomes
• Smooth ER no ribosomes
• Structure tubes and channels

Analogy Roads Sidewalks
10
H) Ribosomes
Ribosomes
Free Ribosomes

• Function Makes proteins.
• Structure small circular organelles

Analogy Restaurants, Factories, Builders.
11
I) Vacuoles Vesicles
Vesicles

• Function Storage for water, nutrients or waste.
  
• Structure small membrane-bound organelle.

Analogy Grocery stores, water tanks.
12
J) Lysosomes
Lysosomes

• Function packets of enzymes that break down
  materials in a cell.
• Structure Small membrane-bound organelles

Analogy Recycling center
13
K) Mitochondria
Mitochondria

• Function Produce energy for the cell site of
  cellular respiration. The Powerhouse
• Structure Double membrane-bound, kidney shaped.

Analogy PGE
14
L) Golgi Apparatus
Golgi Apparatus

• Function Packages, labels and ships proteins
  out of the cell.
• Structure Pancake-shaped layered organelle

Analogy Post Office
15
M) Cytoskeleton
Microfilaments
Microtubules

• Function Provide support and structure for the
  cell.
• Microfilaments
• Microtubules
• Structure Tubules

Analogy Wood, cement, steel beams
16
N) Centrioles (Animals Only)
Centrioles

• Function microtubules that help divide the cell
  during cell division.
• Structure Tubules

Analogy Rocklin High School vs. Whitney High
School
17
O) Cilia Flagella
Cilia
Flagella
Flagella

• Function provides movement for the cell or
  objects moving by the cell.
• Structure
• Flagella 1 long fiber
• Cilia many short fibers

Analogy Cars or bicycles.
18
P) Chloroplasts (Plants only)
Chloroplasts

• Function site of photosynthesis (converting sun
  and CO2 into sugar).
• Structure Membrane bound organelles that contain
  chlorophyll

Analogy Solar Panels
19
Q) Cell Wall (Plant cells only)
Cell Wall

• Function Provides support for the cell and the
  plant.
• Structure Made of cellulose

Analogy ground, rock wall
20
Cell Parts Analogy

• Create an analogy (besides the city analogy) for
  the cell and its parts
• Possible ideas
• Stadium
• School
• Country
• Restaurant
• House
• Mall
• Waterpark

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Stadium Example

• Cell membrane wall of stadium, gates
• Cytoplasm everything inside the stadium.
• Nucleus the control room for the stadium.
• Etc