Plating technology Chapter ? Zinc Plating

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• Plating technology Chapter ? Zinc Plating

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• ?? ?????????,100-150????,???,
• ??7.14 g/cm3 ??419 ? ???65.38
• ????? 0.76 V,????1.22 g/(Ah)
• ?????????,????,????
• Zn 2HCl ZnCl2 H2?
• Zn 2NaOH Na2ZnO2 H2?
• ???,?????????,??,???????????????????????
  ???????,????????????????????,?????????,???????????

3

• ??????,?????????????,????????????(3Zn(OH)2ZnCO3
  )(???,?????)
• ????????,?????,???????,??????????????????,?????
  ???????,??????????

4

• ??????????(Fe2-/Fe -0.44V)????????,???????????
  ????
• ??????????????,??????,????????????????????,?????
  ??????????????
• ????????????????,???,?????
• ????????,? 710 µm
• ?????,?1525 µm
• ??????? gt 25 µm
• ??????,????????

5
?????????????,??????60???
?????????,??????????????,?????????,????????58?,??
???????? ??????????????????????
???? ?????????? 1 ???????????????????,???????
????????,?????,????,????????????????,???????,?????
??????? 2 ???????(?)???????????
6
????????????????????????
????????????? ??
????????????????????
???????????????
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???????????? 1 ??????????(????) 2 ?????? 3
????????
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• ?????????
• 1 ???????????????????????????????,???????
• ???????,?????,???????,?????,?????????(5-60 ?)
• ??????
• ??????????????,??????????????

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2 ?????
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3.????????? (1) ???

• ??,?????
• ??????,?????????????????
• ???????????
• ??????????
• ??????,?????????
• ???????????
• ????????,????????????,???????

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(2) ???

• ???
• ???????,???,?????,??????
• ??????????????????
• ??????????,??????,???????,??????,????????????
• ??????????????

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• ????????????,?????,?????30g/L???
• ??????pH???,??????,????????????????????,????? ?

(3) ??
?????pH?,??pH???
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• (4)??? ??????????????
• ????????,????????,??,????????????
• ?????????,?????????,??????????,??????????
  ?????
• ???????????? ?,?????????
• ?????????1520 mL/L????

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• ???? ?????????????
• ????????,???,???????,????????????
• ???0.3g/L0.4g/L
• ????????,??????????
• ????????????,????,?????,??????,?????????????,?????
  ?????????????,??,?????????,?????????????????,?????

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• 2)?????
• ??????
• ??????
• ?????????, ??????????
• ??????6g/L8g/L,
• ????,?????,????????,????????
• ????,??????

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• ?????????O???????????
• ????O?????????? ???
• ?????O??????????????
• ??????60 ??????????
• ??????,?????????????,???????O,OP-21????,???
  ?????????????,????????,????????????????

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• ?????
• ???????????????,???????????????????????
  ??????NNO(?????????),??,????????????????,??????
  

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??????????????
????,???????1.5kg?
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• 4.?????
• ??PVC??????,????????,??????????1/2
• ???????????????????,??????
• ?????????????,?????,??????????????
• ?????????2-4?????,???????,?????,????????????
• ????pH??,??????????,???????

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5.?????????? ???,??????????,??Zn2????????,??
?ZnCl3-?ZnCl42-????,????? ????,??,????????????
????????,
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???????Zn2?????? Zn 2 2e
Zn ????H????? 2H 2e
H2? ?????????????? Zn - 2e
Zn 2 ????????,???????? 2H2O
- 4e O2?4H ??,????????
Zn 2H Zn2H2?
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6.??????????? (1)??? ??????,??????????????
????,???????????????5g/L?,????,????????,????????
??????????????,????3????,???????????Fe3,???pH?
?6,?60??,??Fe(OH)3??,??,??pH??????
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(2)??? ??????????????????????????????
??Cu 2????10mg/L???,??????,??????
????1)??????1g/L2g/L??,??,???????,???2)?????,???
??? ?0.1A/dm20.2A/dm2,?Cu 2???(???????)?????
(3)??? ??????????????????????????5mg/L?,????????
,?10mg/L???,????????,???????????????????
?
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(4)???? ??????????????????????,?????????????
,???????????,????????????????45???,??1g/L3g/L???,
??30min?,????????????,????????????,???????
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5.1 . 3 ??????? 1 ??
?????????????????????,?????????,?????,????????,???
?,??????????????????????????,??????,???????,??,???
???????????,1970???,?????????????????93?1990?,??
??20?
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2 ????????? ????????????????5-1??
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3 ???????? (1)???????????????????????????,?
???Zn(CN)42-?Zn(OH)42-????????????????????????????
???????????,??????,????????,?????????,??????,????
??,??????? (2)???????????????????Zn2???????,
???????????????,??????????,?????????,?????????,???
???????????????,???????????????,????????????????
?,????????,?????
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(3) ????????????????Zn2????????,???????,?????
?????,?????????????????????????????,??????,???????
??,???????????,??????,??????,???????
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?????????????,??????????????,???????????????
?????,????????,?????????????Zn(CN)42,????????????
Zn(OH)2,????????? Zn(OH)2 2e
Zn2OH ???Zn(OH)2?????????????,????????????
??????????????????
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• (4)???
• ????????????????
• ????????????????????,????????
• ????????????????????,??????,???????

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• ???????40???????(???)???
• ????,????????????,??????15???
• ????????????,??????????????,???????????
• 4.?????
• ??????????????PVC????????????????????,???????
  ????,????????????
• (1)????????????,???????????????
• (2)?????????????,????50?60???????,????????

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(3)???????,????,????,????
(4)??????(0.10.2A/dm2)????12h??(?????????????????
? ??) (5)??????,????,????? 5 ?????????
???,?????????????????Zn(CN)4 2-?Zn(OH)42,?????,?
??????????Zn(OH)2,?????? ????
Zn(OH)22eZn2OH ????
2H2O2eH2?2OH ???? Zn2eZn2
?????? 4OH4eO2??2H2O
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6.?????????? (1) ?????????
???????????????,?????????,???????,???????????,????
??????? 1) ?????(0.10.2A/dm2)?? 2)
?????Na2S,?????????????????,????????????????????,?
??????????
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(2) ???? ?????????????,??????????????,???????????
????? (3) ??? ??????????????????????????????????
??50g/L?,??????????????,??????????????????????????
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5.1.4 ????? 1 ?? ???????????????,???????
??,??????,????????????????????,???????????????????
?,??????,?????????????,??????,?????????1970??4???
1990??30? 2 ????????? ???????????????5-4?
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(No Transcript)
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3 ???????? (1)??? ????????????????????
,??Zn(OH)4 2???,??????????????????????,??????????
???????,??????????,????????? (2)????
????,??????????????????Zn(OH) 42????,?????,??????
??????,???????????????ZnO?NaOH????,???110????????
?????,??????,???Zn 2????,???????????,??????,????
??????,??????? (3)??? ??,??????????????????
??????????,??????????????
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???,????????????????????????????3?2????????????,
??????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????10?40?(??15?32?),????,?????,Zn
2???,????????,????????????,?????????????????????
???????,????????1A/dm23A/dm2????? 4.?????
????????????????????????PVC???????????????,??????
(1)????????1/4??,??????,??????,????????
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(2)??????????,??????????,????,????,????
(3)???????,??????(0.10.2 A/dm2)????12h??
(4)????????????? ?????????,??????????????(??)
???,?????,???????,?????????????????,?????,????????
?????,????????
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• 5.??????????
• ?? ???????Zn(OH)4 2?????????????????,????????,?
  ???Zn(OH)2?????,????????????
• Zn(OH)2 2e Zn 2OH
• ????,???????H2O???H2?????
• 2H2O 2e H2? 2OH
• ?? ????,?????????
• Zn 2e Zn2
• ????????
• 4OH- 4e O2 ? 2H2O

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• 6.??????????????
• ??????ZnO????10g/L??
• ZnO?NaOH?????110??
• ?????????????
• ?????????????????11?????
• ??????,??Zn 2???????????

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?????????????????? ???????,?????????????????,?????
???,???????????,????????????????????,??,??????????
????
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5.1.5 ???? ????????,?????????????????????
?????????????,??????????????????,???????????????
1) ?? ???????????????,???????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????,??????????,????
????????,????,?????,????????????????,???????
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• ?????????,???????????
• ??GB9799,????????????????,??190?2220??????,?????
  2h?
• ??????????4h????5-3????????
• ?????????(???0.5mm??),?????,???????
• ?????????????
• ??????????(?????),???????(140?160?),??????

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2.?? ??????,???????????? ??(65)
30g/L50g/L ?? ??
?? 3 s15s
?????????????????????,???????????????????150g/L2
00g/L???8g/L15g/L????????5s10s?
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3.?? ??????????,??????????????,????????????
???,??????(????) ,????????????????????????????????
???,?????????????????????????????????,??????????
??????????????Cr6??????,??????????
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(1)?????????????????????????
???????,??????????,??????????,???? ??
200g/L220Sg/L ?? ?? ??
25g/L30g/L ?? ???5s15s
?? 15g/L25g/L
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?????????????????????????????????????
2CrO42- 2H Cr2O72-H2O
??????????,????????????????? 3Zn Cr2O7 2-
14H3Zn2 2Cr3 7H2O 3Zn 2CrO42-
16H 3Zn2 2Cr3 8H2O 3Zn 2NO3-
8H 3Zn2 2NO?4H2O Zn 2H Zn2?H2?
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• ??????,??????????pH???,OH-????????,Cr6???CrO42-?
  ?????,????????Zn2?Cr3?,???????????????Cr(OH)CrO
  4????ZnCrO4????,???????????????
• ????,???????Cr3?????Cr6????????????Cr3????????
  ??,???????????????????????????Cr6???????,????????
  ?????
• ?????????,????????Cr6?????,??????????????????

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• ?????Cr3?Cr6???????,????????????????????
• ????Cr3/Cr 61.5/1,???????????
• ?????????,???????????????????

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• ???????,??????,????????
• ?????????,????????,????????,????????????????,????
  ?????????????????,??????????
• ??????????????,????,????????????,??????????,?????
  ????,???????????,????????
• ???Cr3???????????????????????,????Cr3
  ?????,???????,?????,?????????????????,???Cr6???Cr
  3?

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?????,????????????????????????????????????
????????????,??,??????????????,???????????,??,????
?? ?????????,????????????????????????,????????????
? ?.?????????,???????????????
??????????????????????????????,???????????????,???
?????????,?????????? (2)???????????
1) ???? ??????????,?? a.???????
Na2Cr2O7190g/L210g/L,H2SO4(98)8mL/L1lmL/L,??,5m
in60min?
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b.????? ?????????????,????????
??CrO3170g/L200g/L,H2SO4(98)6mL/L7mL/L,HNO3(65
)7mL/L8mL/L,????8g/L10g/L,??1g/L2g/L??20s40s
? ??CrO340g/L50g/L,H2SO4(98)2mL/L,HNO3(6
5)5mL/L6mL/L,????6g/L7g/L,??6g/L8g/L??20s???
2)???? ??????????????????????????
? a.?????(?????????????)???????,?????????
??,?????? b.????NaOH 10g/L20g/L??20s30
s?
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c.???????Na2S 3g/L7g/L,NaOHl0g/L20g/L?
?15s20s????????,???? ??????
?????????,???????,???????????,?????,??????????????
???????,????(60?70?)?
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3)???? a.??????? ???300g/L,??(?)600mL/L
??30 ? 40 ? ??10s20s??I???? ???,???????????.
b.??????CrO310g/L40g/L,HAc(96)10mL/L10
0mL/L,H2SO4 5g/L40g/l,Ag 0.2g/L0.4g/LpH?1.11.
2??25 ? 5 ? ??90s120s????????????????????????,
??????????????????????????,?????,?????
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c.??????CrO3 25g / L,HAc(96)100mL /
L,CuSO45H2O 40g / L,NaAc2H2O 25g /
LpH?2.03.0??25?5 ? ??120s???????,???,???????
4)?????CrO3 3050g / L,H3PO4(85)1015mL
/ L,H2SO4(98)58mL / L,HNO3(65)58mL /
L,HCl(38)58mL / LpH?11.5??????30s90s?????1
0s15s? ?????(????????)?,???????????,??,??
?????,??????,? ???,???50 ?????????????????0.5g /
L?????????,????????,?????????,???????
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• 5)???? ????????????48g /
  L,??????????????,????????,???????
• ????????,??????????????,??????????????????
  ?????
• ?????,????????????,???????????,????
• ?????,????????????,???????????30s40s,???????
• ?????????,????????????
• ???,1L?????1m2??,??????,????????0.28g???????,
  ?????0.395g?

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??????,????????????,??????,??????,??????????
?,?????????????????,??,????????,??????????????????
??,?KMnO4?HAc?,???????????????
?????????????????????,????????,??????
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????????????????? a.?????????5??
??? CrO36g/L,HNO3(65)5mL/L,H2SO4(98)0.6mL/LpH
?11.6??15?30 ? ????10s40s,????? ???
CrO3 2g/L-5g/L,HNO32g/L4g/L,NiSO46H2O1g/L2g/L
,HAc 3g/L7g/L??5s20s? ??? CrO3
5g/L,H2SO4(98)1mL/L,HNO3(65)5mL/L,HAc(96)20mL/L
,KMnO4 0.5g/L? ????15s30s,??15s30s?
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??? CrO3 3g/L,NaNO3 3g/L,Na2SO41g/L?????20s4
0s,??15s30s? ??? (???????) CrO3
1.2g/L1.7g/L,HNO3(65)0.4mL/L0.5mL/L,H2SO4(98)0
.3mL/L0.5mL/L,NaCl0.3g/L-0.4g/L,HAc(96)4mL/L5mL
/L,??(???)0.2g/LpH?1.62.0??15???????30s60s??
????????
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b.?????????2?? ??? CrO30.5g/L,NH4NO30 .
3g/L,NH4C1 0.2g/LpH?1.52.0??5s10s? ???
CrO3 6g/L,BaCO31g/L,HNO3(65)0.5mL/LpH?12????5
s10s? c.????? CrO3 3g/L,H2SO4(98)10mL/L,HNO3(6
5)30mL/L,HF(40)3mL/L 4mL/L(???,?H2O2(30)lmL/L
3mL/L?????Cr3)????3s10s?
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d.????? CrO33g/L,H2SO4(98)0.3mL/L,HNO3(65)0.
7mL/L??????10s30s,??10s? ?????,???35
HNO3?????,????????????????????????,???0.2g/L0.4g/
L CrO3????????????????,?????????
???????????????,????????????????????????,?????????
???,????????,???????,??????????????????,??????????
???,?????????????? 48 h ???,????????????????
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4.???????? ????????????????,???????????????
???70???????,????????,??????,???????????????100?,?
?????????24h??????????????????????????????????,???
????????????? ???????????????120???1h?,??200h?????
?,??????
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(1)?????? ??DDQT1????? 0.5min
1min? (2)?? ??1.5min7min?
(3)?? ??120 ? 5???30min? (4)??
?????40 ???? ?????,??????120
??????,????200h????,????????????? 5.??
???,????60 ???(????????????50 ???)???????????????
??????,?????????,??Cr6????????Cr3???,????????Cr2
O3??,????????????,?????????????????????
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???????5min15min????????,???????Cr6???
????,??????????,?????????,?????????? 5.1.6
????????????? 1.????????
???????????????????,????????????????
(1)???????(?????)? (2)??
???????????????,?????????????,????????????????????
,???????????,?????????????????????????????????????
??,????100??,??????
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(3)???? ?????????,???????????????,????????
??????????,???GB5270?????????? (4)????
??GB6462?????,GIM955????????,GB4956??????GB6463???
?????????? (5)?????? ?????????????????,??G
B9800???????????? 1)??????????????????(???
?????),????????54
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(No Transcript)
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2) ??? ?GB6458(???????)????????,??????????,?????
???(????)????????115?????
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2.????????? ?????,??????????
(1)??(38)???(98)515?? ???? ?????
(2)???? 200g/L300g/L,????100g/L200g/I??
100?120 ? ?? ????? ?(2)?????,?????????????
?,?????????????????? ????????,???????????,???
???????
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??? 05
1 ?????????????????? 2 ?????????? 3
?????????H3BO3??????? 4 ??????????? 5
????????????? 6 ?????????????? 7 ??????????? 8
??????????? 9 ???????????????????? 10
??????????Zn2???????????
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????????? ?????

• 1 ?????????????????2000?
• 2 ??????10???,??????2????????????????
• ?? ? ?????????
• ? ???????????????
• ? ?????????????????????
• ? ????????????
• ? ??
• 4 ????9?29??

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