Tall Buildings

1
Tall Buildings

• Presented to
• Minnesota Futurists
• Technology Special Interest Group
• Hank Lederer and David Keenan
• 17 November 2007

2
Pyramids - Giza

• Completed 2570 BC
• 481 ft (147 m) orig
• Worlds Tallest
• for 3,800 years
• Tomb of Pharaoh

3
Leaning Tower Pisa, Italy

• Completed 1350
• 177 years in construction
• started in 1173
• 183 ft (56 m)
• slants 5.5 degrees

4
Two Towers Bologna, Italy
Two Towers, both leaning, are the symbol of the
city Asinelli Tower 319 ft (97 m) Garisenda
Tower originally 197 ft (60 m) today - 157
ft(48 m) Bologna may have had up to 180 towers
btw 12th and 13th century
5
Eiffel Tower - Paris

• Completed 1889
• 1063 ft (324m)
• Worlds Tallest Structure, surpassing Washington
  Monument, until 1930, Chrysler Bldg

6
40 Wall St. vs. Chrysler

• lt 40 Wall St.
• Completed 1930
• 927 ft (283 m) spire
• 70 floors
• world's tallest building from April 1930 to
  May 27, 1930
• Chrysler Building gt
• Completed 1930
• 925 ft (282 m) roof
• 1047 ft (319 m) spire
• 77 floors
• world's tallest building from 27 May 1930 to 1931
  (surpassed by Empire State)

http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/40_Wall_Street

http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler_building
7
Empire State Building New York

• Completed 1931
• 1,250 ft (381 m) roof
• 1,472 ft (449 m) spire
• 102 floors
• Worlds Tallest Building for 41 years
• Surpassed by WTC 1 in 1972
• Mythbusters tested the urban myth
• "If you drop a penny off the top of
• the Empire State Building will it kill
• someone or crater the sidewalk?"
• By the time the penny hit the ground
• it is going roughly 65 mph, which is
• NOT fast enough to inflict lethal injury
• or put a crater into the sidewalk.

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Local Favorites
9
IDS and Foshay - Minneapolis

• IDS completed 1974 gt
• 792 ft (214 m) roof
• 910 ft (277 m) spires
• 57 floors
• surpassed Foshay in 72
• Foshay completed 1929 gt
• 447 ft (136 m) roof
• 607 ft (185 m) spire
• 32floors
• MN tallest 1929-1972
• First Skyscraper West of the Mississippi

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Current Placeholders
11
Worlds Tallest Buildings
12
Sears Tower - Chicago

• Completed 1973
• 1,450 ft (442 m) roof
• 1,730 ft (527 m) spires
• Taller than World Trade Center
• 110 floors (like WTC)
• 104 elevators (16 dbldeck)

13
Petronas Towers Kuala Lumpur

• Completed
• 88 floors - world's tallest buildings from 1998
  to 2004
• 1999 movie Entrapment - Catherine Zeta-Jones,
  Sean Connery

http//www.allaboutskyscrapers.com/skyscraper_conc
rete_foundations.html
14
Taipei 101- China

• Completed 2004
• Tallest til 21Jul07
• 1,670 ft ( 509 m)
• 101 floors
• 61 (including 2 doubledecker)
• elevators
• Fastest elevator ascend 38mph
• 1.76 B cost
• Tuned mass damper vs. sway

15
CN Tower - Canada

• Completed 1976
• Toronto, Ontario
• Broadcast Tower
• 1815 ft (553 m)
• "the world's tallest free-standing tower"

16
Unusual Buildings
17
Swiss Re, 30 St. Mary Axe - London

• Completed 2004
• 590 ft
• the gherkin

18
Turning Torso Mälmo, Sweden
Completed
19
Twin Towers - Kuwait

• Completed
• Water towers with Observation and Restaurant
  decks

20
Park Towers - Dubai
Both towers are 30 floors, and offer
approximately 432 exquisitely designed one, two
and three bedroom apartments. The design of   the
towers was inspired by the evolution of Dubai,
and the undulating soft forms of the
desert. Designed by Gensler, the award-winning
architects for the new London Stock Exchange
 headquarters. The intelligent design of the
towers ensures that every apartment has a wide
balcony offering you the freedom to relax and
enjoy the stunning views of the financial
district, with its parks, cafés and entertainment
facilities.   http//www.homesgofast.com/dubai/pr
operty_Park_Towers_Damac.php
21
Sporefloater - Singapore

• Under construction
• This suspended tower is going to be built in
• Singapore. The basic idea is to reduce the
• amount of space used at the ground level!
• 502 ft(153 m)
• 36 floors
• http//smriti.com/blogs/2007/03

22
Burj al arab - Dubai

• Completed 1999
• 689 ft (210 m) roof
• 1,053 ft (321 m) spire
• 60 floors
• Sky tennis anyone?

23
EDiTT Tower - Singapore

• Under construction
• Ecological Design in The Tropics
• Very Green
• 26 floors

24
Phare Tower - Paris
Proposed Green design 984 ft (300 m) tall
Artist rendition shows the future skyscraper
'Phare', or Lighthouse, due to be completed in
2012 in Paris
25
Dancing Towers - Dubai
Proposed For completion 2009 65 floors Zaha
Hadids design for the Dancing Towers confirms
the role of Business Bay Development at the very
forefront of Dubais rapidly changing future. The
three towers rise above the creek and project
themselves as an icon for the surrounding
developments and for the gulf region. Designer
Zaha Hadid http//www.yankodesign.com/index.php/2
007/04/19/dancing-towers-by-zaha-hadid/

26
Burj al-Taq Tower in Dubai
Proposed? Energy Tower Cylindrical shape is
designed to expose as little surface area to
the sun as possible. A protective solar shield
reaches from the ground to the roof, covering
60 deg of the giant circular building. So
green. Form of a twisted highball glass topped by
a twirling cocktail stick of a wind turbine.
http//www.metaefficient.com/archives/architectu
re-and-building/rating_the_green_hypereliteness_of
_ecotowers.html
27
Dubai Towers - Dubai

• Proposed ?
• 788 to 1,312 ft (240 to 400 m)
• Ranging between 5794 floors
• estimated completion is mid 2010
• The Lagoons is a mixed-use freehold development
  being built along the Dubai Creek coastline. The
  US 18 bil project will cover an area of 70
  million square feet over 40 km of waterfront
  land.

28
Siam Tribute - Thailand
29
Under Construction
30
Shanghai World Financial Center

• Nearing completion
• Topped out 14Sep07
• Latest shot 03Nov07 gtgt
• 1,614 ft (492 m) roof
• 101 floors
• 31 elevators

31
Freedom Tower New York
Under construction For completion 9/11/10 World
Trade Center site 1776 ft 108 floors
32
Moscow City Tower - Moscow

• Under construction
• since 18 Sept, 2007
• 2,007 ft (612m )
• 118 floors
• 101 elevators
• 1.5-1.7B
• taller than any other
• building in Europe
• planned for 2012
• part of 12B Moscow
• International Business
• Center project
• (10 buildings)

33
Towers - Chicago
34
Chicago Spire

• Under construction
• Formerly Fordham Spire
• started 25 July, 2007
• planned for 2011
• 2,000 ft (610m) roof
• 150 floors

35
Tall Buildings
New design
36
Burj - Dubai

• Under construction since 2004
• For completion 2008
• 2,111 ft (643 m) roof
• 2,684 ft (818 m) spire
• 164 floors
• 12Sept07 surpassed CN Tower
• and still climbing

37
Burj - Dubai
Under construction
38
Proposed
39
Supertowers - Dubai
40
Al Burj - Comparison

• Al Burj Burj Dubai Taipei Empire Eiffel
  St. Mary
• 101 State Tower Axe
• 3900 ft 2600 ft 1671 ft 1454 ft 984 ft
  590 ft

41
Al burj - Dubai

• Proposed
• 2,789 ft (850 m) roof
• 3,445 ft (1,050 m) spire
• 228 floors

42
Burj Mubarak al-Kabir - Kuwait

• Proposed
• 2,953 ft (900 m) roof
• 3,284 ft (1,001 m) spire
• 254 floors (est)
• 2008 proposed start, 2012 end
• Could require triple deck elevators
• Housing for 700,000
• Madinat al-Hareer (City of Silk Project)

43
Sky City Tokyo, Japan

• Proposed
• 1000 m (3,281 ft)
• Triple decker elevators cap. 70
• 14 sky plateaus
• 35,000 residents and 100,000 workers
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_City_1000

44
Bionic Tower

• Proposed
• Shanghai or Hong Kong
• 3,701 ft (1,128 m)
• 300 floors
• 100,000 residents
• 368 elevators
• 15B cost
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bionic_tower

45
Far Future
46
Shimzu Mega City Try-4000

• Proposed
• over Tokyo Bay in Japan
• House 750,000 people
• If built, it will be the largest man-made
  structure on Earth.
• 2,004 m (6,575 ft) high (12 x higher than the
  Great Pyramid at Giza)
• Cannot be built with currently available
  materials, due to their weight.
• Relies on the future availability of super-strong
  lightweight materials based on carbon nanotubes.

47
X-seed 4000, Japan

• Proposed
• Inspired by Mt. Fuji, but would be taller
• 13,123 ft (4,000 m)
• 800 floors
• 0.5 1 million residents
• 100s billion

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Abandoned
49
Mile High Tower Frank Lloyd Wright

• Proposed but not adopted
• The Illinois
• 5,280 ft (1,609 m)
• 528 stories
• 76 elevators
• Sway would be addressed by tripod design
• (like CN tower)
• and possibly a counterweight (like Taipei 101)
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Illinois

50
Panama City

• lt Ice Tower
• Started March 2007, cancelled June 2007
• Third super tall skyscraper to be cancelled in
  Panama City
• 1,250 ft (381 m)
• 104 floors
• Palacio de la Bahía (Bay Palace) gt
• 1,158 ft (353 m)
• 93 floors
• started 28 July, 2006, cancelled by developer as
  unbuildable
• Torre Generali gtgt
• 1,044 ft (318 m)
• 52 floors
• views of Atlantic and Pacific from top floors
• cancelled in 2001 due to economic conditions

51
Tower of Babel
abandoned
by Pieter Bruegel