Tree Diagrams / Labelling Phrases

1
Tree Diagrams /Labelling Phrases
2
Example with brackets

• How would you divide this sentence into phrases?
• The children put the toys in the box
• The children put the toys in the box

3
The Main Phrase Structure Rules

• 1. S ? NP VP
• 2. NP ? (Det) (AP) N (PP)
• 3. VP ? (Aux) V (NP)
• 4. PP ? (Deg) P (NP)

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Up Side Down Trees
Sentence ( Infl)
Phrases
(Phrases)
Syntactic Categories
Words
5
OGrady, p. 181-183

• How to build trees structures
• ()

6
Drawing the tree diagram

• The Phrase

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How to Build a Tree (OGrady, p. 181)
Example - Phrase Tree (1)
play with the toy
VP
VP
V
PP
P
NP
Det
N
with
the
toy
play
8
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

• 1. repair the telephone
• 2. the success of the program
• 3. a film about pollution
• 4. move towards the window
• 5. The end of the road

9
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
VP
NP
V
Det
N

• repair the telephone

10
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
NP
PP
NP
N
Prep
Det
Det
N

• the success of the program

11
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
NP
PP
NP
N
Prep
Det
N

• a film about pollution

12
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
VP
PP
NP
V
Prep
Det
N

• move towards the window

13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
NP
PP
NP
Det
Det
Prep
N
N

• the end of the road

14
Drawing the tree diagram

• The Phrase

15
How to Build a Tree (OGrady, p. 181)
Example Sentence Tree (2)
He likes the toy.
S
NP
VP
V
Pronoun (N)
NP
Det
N
likes
He
the
toy
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How to Build a Tree (OGrady, p. 181)
Example Sentence Tree (2)
The children like the toy.
S
NP
VP
Det
V
PP
N
NP
N
Det
NP
P
Det
N
in
the
box
The
put
children
the
toy
17
Draw the structure trees for the following
sentences

• Draw the tree structure of the following
  sentences
• Those guests should leave.
• Maria never ate a brownie.
• That shelf will fall.
• The glass broke.
• The student lost the debate.
• The manager may offer a raise.

Question 5 (af) p. 187 (OGrady)
18
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
NP
VP
Det
Aux
N
V

• Those guests should leave.

19
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
NP
NP
N
N
V
Adv
Det

• Maria never ate a brownie.

20
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
NP
VP
Det
Aux
N
V

• That shelf will fall.

21
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
NP
VP
Det
N
V

• The glass broke.

22
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
NP
NP
Det
Det
N
V
N

• The student lost the debate.

23
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
NP
NP
Det
Aux
N
V
Det
N

• The manager may offer a raise.

24
HOMEWORK

• Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.
• 1. repair the telephone
• 2. he success of the program
• 3. a fat ladies man

25
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
VP
NP
V
Det
N

• repair the telephone

26
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
NP
PP
NP
Det
Prep
Det
N
N

• the success of the program

27
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
A ladies man who is fat.
NP
Compound noun
N
Det
Adj
N
N

• a fat ladies man

28
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
A man who like larger ladies.
NP
NP
Det
Adj
N
N

• a fat ladies man

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PRACTICE DIAGRAMS

• Draw the tree diagram of these AMBIGUOUS phrases.
• Jane hid the letter from Dan.
• He likes raw vegetables and meat.
• The teacher spoke to the boy with a smile.

30
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
Jane didnt want Dan to see the letter.
S
VP
PP
NP
NP
NP
N
Det
N
V
Prep
N

• Jane hid the letter from Dan.

31
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
Jane hid the letter that Dan wrote.
S
VP
NP
PP
NP
NP
N
Det
N
V
Prep
N

• Jane hid the letter from Dan.

32
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
He likes Raw vegetables raw meat yuck!
S
VP
NP
NP
V
Adj
N
N
Conj
N

• He likes raw vegetables and meat.

33
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
He likes Raw vegetables meat
S
NP
VP
NP
NP
V
Adj
N
N
Conj
N

• He likes raw vegetables and meat.

34
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
The teacher Spoke with a smile
S
VP
NP
PP
PP
NP
NP
N
V
Det
Det
Prep
N
Prep
Det
N

• The teacher spoke to the boy with a smile.

35
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
S
The teacher Spoke to the smiling boy
VP
NP
PP
NP
PP
NP
N
V
Det
Det
Prep
N
Prep
Det
N

• The teacher spoke to the boy with a smile.

36
PRACTICE DIAGRAMS

• Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.
• My boss was very happy about her promotion.
• He put the car into the garage.
• Her children have gone to the movies.

37
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
NP
PP
NP
N
Det
Aux
Prep
Adv
Adj
Det
N

• My boss was very happy about her promotion.

38
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
PP
NP
NP
NP
Det
Det
N
Prep
N
V
N

• He put the car into the garage.

39
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
PP
NP
NP
Det
Prep
Det
N
Aux
V
N

• Her children have gone to the movies.

40
PRACTICE DIAGRAMS

• Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.
• You can use your credit card at the movies.
• The police examined a photograph of the accident.
• They arrested the suspect in the hotel.

41
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
PP
NP
NP
NP
N
Prep
Det
Det
N
N
V
Aux
N

• You can use your credit card at the movies.

42
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
NP
PP
NP
NP
Det
N
Det
Det
Prep
N
V
N

• The police examined a photograph of the accident.

43
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
PP
NP
NP
NP
Det
Det
N
Prep
N
V
N

• They arrested the suspect in the hotel.

44
PRACTICE DIAGRAMS

• Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.
• Ralph has found the key to the cabinet.
• My cat is very sick.
• My sister is signing in the festival.
• My mother is baking a cake for my sister.

45
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
PP
NP
NP
NP
Det
Det
N
Prep
N
Aux
V
N

• Ralph has found the key to the cabinet

46
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
NP
AdjP
Det
Adv
N
V
Adj

• My cat is very sick.

47
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
PP
NP
NP
Det
Prep
Det
N
Aux
V
N

• My sister is signing in the festival.

48
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
VP
PP
NP
NP
NP
Det
Det
N
Det
N
Prep
Aux
V
N

• My mother is baking a cake for my sister.