Fractional Distillation of Petroleum Petroleum Petroleum is

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Fractional Distillation of Petroleum
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Petroleum
Light Sweet Crude Oil
Heavy Sweet Crude Oil

• Petroleum is a mixture of thousands of different
  types of hydrocarbons.(Hydrocarbons are
  compounds that contain only hydrogen and carbon.)

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Fractional Distillation of Petroleum

• Petroleum can be separated into different
  fractions by fractional distillation.
• This separation can take place because petroleum
  is a mixture of substances with different boiling
  points.

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Fractions of Petroleum
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Fractions of Petroleum
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Fractions of Petroleum
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Fractions of Petroleum
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Fractions of Petroleum
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Fractions of Petroleum
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Fractions of Petroleum
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(Petroleum Gas)
Petrol
Temperature increases down the column
Naphtha
Kerosene
Diesel
Lubricants
Bitumen
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Conditions for Oil Refining

• Petroleum is heated to 360?C in the absence of
  air in a furnace to vaporize it before fractional
  distillation.

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Trivial Question

• Why must petroleum be vaporized in the absence of
  air at 360?C?

If petroleum is vaporized in the presence of air
at high temperature, it may ignite and cause an
explosion!
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Fossil Fuels
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Fossil Fuels - Coal
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Fossil Fuels Crude Oil
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Fossil Fuels Natural Gas