Private Education in Developing Countries

1
Private Education in Developing Countries?

• Nicholas Burnett,
• Seung-Hee Frances Lee, World Bank
• nburnett_at_worldbank.org
• Slee4_at_worldbank.org
• Phone No. (202) 473 41 66
• Abidjan, Cote dIvoire
• November 30, 1999

2
Key Questions

• What is the education challenge in Africa?
• How can the private sector help?
• Are there any risks?
• How can the World Bank group facilitate the
  private sector?

3
What is the education challenge in Africa?

• Access
• Quality
• Equity

4

• Access
• Quality
• Equity

5
Population Momentum
Growth of the Primary School-Age (6-11)
population, 1990-2000 and 2000-2010
Source World Bank, Priorities Strategies for
Education, 1995
6
Estimated Out of School 6-11 Year-Olds
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Declining Gross Enrollment Rate
Gross Enrollment ratios, by level of education
and region, 1980 and 1995
Source World Education Report, 1998
8
Average years of adult schooling
9

• Access
• Quality
• Equity

10
Results of Reading Achievement Tests in Selected
Countries
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Mean Achievement Test Scores
Source IEA, 1996
12
Years of Schooling for 1 of GDP
Source Mingat (1998)
13

• Access
• Quality
• Equity

14
Enrollment Difference by Gender
Gross Enrollment Rate by Gender and Education
Level in Africa
Source World Education Report, 1998
15
How can the Private Sector Help?

• Supply
• Finance
• Competition

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• Supply
• Finance
• Competition

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Supply

• Schools
• School management
• Services

18
Private enrollment as of total
Based on enrollment information from 1995
(edstats)
19
Enrollment in private higher education, percentage
20
Growth rate of enrollment in Guinea
21
Gaps in education sector

• ECD/Childcare
• Pre K-9
• K-12
• Post-Secondary
• Vocational

22
Percentage of private sector schools in Cote
dIvoire
Pre-primary and Primary level 9 Secondary
School 62
23
Supply of Management

• Management and/or ownership of institutions by
  NGOs, community or religious groups, and
  entrepreneurs
• Charter schools

24
Groupe Scolaire Fanaicha, Senegala charter school

• MOE officials inspect schools
• Staff are obligated to attend pedagogical
  workshop of MOE
• Land for school was granted to school by MOE

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Technology

• Computer training
• Use of internet
• Distance education
• Solar power to run computers in rural areas

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Services

• Curriculum development
• Textbook development
• Textbook publishing
• Teacher Training
• Assessment and Evaluation of schools
• Construction
• Maintenance

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• Supply
• Finance
• Competition

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Different Financial Resources

• School fees
• Investments
• Grants
• Franchising
• Vouchers and scholarships

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• Supply
• Finance
• Competition

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Need to attract students

• Branding
• Research and Development
• Innovation
• Scholarships/Loans

31
Test results

• Groupe Scolaire Hamdallaye, Guinea 98 pass
  rate in secondary school admissions test
• Les Pitchounes, Cote DIvoire
• 85 pass rate vs. national average of 25 for
  examination

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Are there any risks?

• Equity ?
• Social cohesion ?

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Cote dIvoire Distribution of Education Subsidies
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Les Pitchounes in Abidjan

• 156 children in kindergarten
• (76 girls 80 boys)
• 414 students in primary school (227girls 187
  boys)

35
How can the World Bank group facilitate the
Private Sector?

• Financing Private Supply
• Help provide enabling environment
• Financing innovation
• Sharing knowledge

36
Private and Public spending on education in the
developing world
(World Bank 0.5)
37

• IFC
• African Entreprise Fund (AEF)
• Small Enterprise Fund (SEF)
• Equity, loans and investments
• Technical assistance

38

• IBRD/IDA
• Dialogue with government to create enabling
  environment
• Technical Assistance
• Indirect financial support -- e.g. state
  scholarships
• Knowledge

39
The Gambia Third Education Sector Program

• Madrassa schools will be integrated into formal
  system.
• Classroom construction will continue to be
  contracted out to local enterprises
• Grant-aided secondary schools will continue to
  be subsidized to cover teacher salaries and other
  expenditures

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The Private Education Forum, Abidjan, Cote
dIvoire November - December 1999 www.worldbank.o
rg/edinvest/