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The New Russia

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After the collapse of Communism, Russia moved toward a free market economy ... Volga River/Urals. Volga carries almost of Russia's river traffic ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The New Russia


1
The New Russia Independent Republics
  • Chapter 9

2
From Communism to Free Enterprise
  • Chapter 9
  • Section 1

3
Becoming a Free Market Economy
  • After the collapse of Communism, Russia moved
    toward a free market economy
  • Free Market Economy People, rather than
    government, decide what goods and services to
    produce, how to produce, who will buy them

4
I. Russias Economic Regions
  • Moscow
  • Political cultural center
  • Shift from heavy to light industry (ex. Clothing,
    electronics)
  • Port Cities Kaliningrad St. Petersburg
  • Kaliningrad-only port that stays ice-free
    year-round
  • Other port cities Murmansk, Vladivostok
  • Siberia
  • Largest mineral supply in Russia
  • Hard to tap into resources because of harsh
    climate
  • Volga River/Urals
  • Volga carries almost ½ of Russias river traffic
  • Russias most productive farmland
  • Ural Mountains rich in minerals

5
II. Environmental Issues
  • Although Russians are moving toward a free market
    economy, they must balance making profit with
    protecting the environment
  • Nuclear Power Plants are in decay leads to
    nuclear waste
  • Air Pollution from factories led to lower life
    expectancy
  • Water Pollution from poor sewer system, chemical
    weapons plants (from Cold War) other sources

6
Russias People Culture
  • Chapter 9
  • Section 2

7
I. Politics
  • Russia is a democracy
  • Democracy people elect their leaders
  • Russia is a federal republic
  • Federal Republic power divided between national
    state government with president
  • Democracy is dramatically different from
    Communism
  • Leaders must follow same laws as regular people
  • Leaders must accept criticism from people

8
II. Ethnic Challenges
  • Majority Group Russians, descendants of Slavs,
    are largest group
  • Minority Group 100 ethnic groups
  • Majority group controls more wealth power.

9
Republics of the Caucasus
10
Chechnya, has experienced fighting over the years
because the Chechen people want to form their own
country.
11
III. Daily Life
  • Urban (city areas) are large modern
  • Development of suburbs as people move outside
    city limits
  • 70 of population is Russian Orthodox
  • Other religions Muslims, Roman Catholic, etc.

12
  • The leader of the Russian Orthodox Church is the
    Patriarch.

13
IV. Russian Literature Music
  • Stories passed down orally skazki
  • War Peace by Leo Tolstoy describes Russias
    defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte France
  • Peter Tchaikovsky composed The Nutcracker ballet
    1812 Overture which also describes Russias
    defeat of France

14
The Hermitage Museum, built by Catherine the
Great, holds art work from around the world.
15
The Republics Emerge
  • Chapter 9
  • Section 3

16
I. Geography
  • Located south of Russia
  • Republics of Central Asia
  • East of Caspian Sea
  • Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan,
    Turkmenistan
  • Republics of the Caucasus
  • Located between Caspian Sea and Black Sea
  • Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia

17
Republics of the Caucasus
18
II. Republics of the Caucasus
  • Armenia
  • First country to make Christianity official
    religion (ca. 300 AD)
  • Capital, Yerevan, is one of worlds oldest
    (founded in 782 BC)
  • Armenia was controlled by many different nations,
    including the Ottoman Empire, who limited their
    freedoms mistreated their people. During WWI,
    millions were deported by the OE, where
    historians estimate 600,000-1 million died of
    starvation. This was the first genocide of the
    20th century, though the Turks deny that it ever
    happened.

19
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20
  • Azerbaijan
  • Split in half by Armenia
  • Majority are Muslims, which has caused conflicts
    with Armenian Christians
  • Authoritarian government is corrupt

21
  • Georgia
  • Known for resorts located along the Black Sea
  • Has had conflicts with Russia after gaining
    independence because Russia has recognized claims
    of independence (as of 2008) of two regions below

22
Resorts in Georgia along coast of Black Sea
23
Central Asian Republics
24
III. Central Asian Republics
  • Central Asian Republics have become of interest
    to the rest of the world because of their vast
    natural resources
  • Known for limiting citizens basic freedoms
    violations of human rights are common
  • All five countries are Muslim
  • Kazakhstan
  • Largest of the former Soviet republics
  • Large amounts of natural resources most stable
    of all republics
  • Uzbekistan
  • Most live in fertile valleys oases
  • Worlds largest cotton producer (child labor used
    to harvest in many places)
  • Turkmenistan
  • Worlds largest reserves of natural gas
  • Kyrgyzstan
  • Tajikistan
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