Title: The New Russia
1The New Russia Independent Republics
2From Communism to Free Enterprise
3Becoming a Free Market Economy
- After the collapse of Communism, Russia moved
toward a free market economy - Free Market Economy People, rather than
government, decide what goods and services to
produce, how to produce, who will buy them
4I. Russias Economic Regions
- Moscow
- Political cultural center
- Shift from heavy to light industry (ex. Clothing,
electronics) - Port Cities Kaliningrad St. Petersburg
- Kaliningrad-only port that stays ice-free
year-round - Other port cities Murmansk, Vladivostok
- Siberia
- Largest mineral supply in Russia
- Hard to tap into resources because of harsh
climate - Volga River/Urals
- Volga carries almost ½ of Russias river traffic
- Russias most productive farmland
- Ural Mountains rich in minerals
5II. Environmental Issues
- Although Russians are moving toward a free market
economy, they must balance making profit with
protecting the environment - Nuclear Power Plants are in decay leads to
nuclear waste - Air Pollution from factories led to lower life
expectancy - Water Pollution from poor sewer system, chemical
weapons plants (from Cold War) other sources
6Russias People Culture
7I. Politics
- Russia is a democracy
- Democracy people elect their leaders
- Russia is a federal republic
- Federal Republic power divided between national
state government with president - Democracy is dramatically different from
Communism - Leaders must follow same laws as regular people
- Leaders must accept criticism from people
8II. Ethnic Challenges
- Majority Group Russians, descendants of Slavs,
are largest group - Minority Group 100 ethnic groups
- Majority group controls more wealth power.
9Republics of the Caucasus
10Chechnya, has experienced fighting over the years
because the Chechen people want to form their own
country.
11III. Daily Life
- Urban (city areas) are large modern
- Development of suburbs as people move outside
city limits - 70 of population is Russian Orthodox
- Other religions Muslims, Roman Catholic, etc.
12- The leader of the Russian Orthodox Church is the
Patriarch.
13IV. Russian Literature Music
- Stories passed down orally skazki
- War Peace by Leo Tolstoy describes Russias
defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte France - Peter Tchaikovsky composed The Nutcracker ballet
1812 Overture which also describes Russias
defeat of France
14The Hermitage Museum, built by Catherine the
Great, holds art work from around the world.
15The Republics Emerge
16I. Geography
- Located south of Russia
- Republics of Central Asia
- East of Caspian Sea
- Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan - Republics of the Caucasus
- Located between Caspian Sea and Black Sea
- Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia
17Republics of the Caucasus
18II. Republics of the Caucasus
- Armenia
- First country to make Christianity official
religion (ca. 300 AD) - Capital, Yerevan, is one of worlds oldest
(founded in 782 BC) - Armenia was controlled by many different nations,
including the Ottoman Empire, who limited their
freedoms mistreated their people. During WWI,
millions were deported by the OE, where
historians estimate 600,000-1 million died of
starvation. This was the first genocide of the
20th century, though the Turks deny that it ever
happened.
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20- Azerbaijan
- Split in half by Armenia
- Majority are Muslims, which has caused conflicts
with Armenian Christians - Authoritarian government is corrupt
21- Georgia
- Known for resorts located along the Black Sea
- Has had conflicts with Russia after gaining
independence because Russia has recognized claims
of independence (as of 2008) of two regions below
22Resorts in Georgia along coast of Black Sea
23Central Asian Republics
24III. Central Asian Republics
- Central Asian Republics have become of interest
to the rest of the world because of their vast
natural resources - Known for limiting citizens basic freedoms
violations of human rights are common - All five countries are Muslim
- Kazakhstan
- Largest of the former Soviet republics
- Large amounts of natural resources most stable
of all republics - Uzbekistan
- Most live in fertile valleys oases
- Worlds largest cotton producer (child labor used
to harvest in many places) - Turkmenistan
- Worlds largest reserves of natural gas
- Kyrgyzstan
- Tajikistan