Diapositiva 1

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Climate research in the Institute of
Geosciences IGEO (CSIC-UCM)
Ricardo García Herrera and Marisa Montoya
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General Objectives
I G E O
Interdisciplinary development of frontier Earth
Science research, both basic and applied. To help
solving problems of socio-economic interest
(natural hazards, heritage preservation,
geological resources, global change, etc). IGEO
will be an open, integrating, interdisciplinary
and dynamic centre to drive forward Earth
Sciences research in a complementary way to those
already in existence.
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I G E O
I G E O
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Department of Sedimentary Geology and
Environmental Change
- Basin analysis, paleoenvironment and global
paleogeography - Palaeoclimatology and global
change - Critical episodes in the history of Earth
I G E O
I G E O
- The main objective is to characterize global
change and natural climate variability on
different time scales, both on regional and large
spatial scales based on integrations of
multiproxies and models. - The use of key
geological, chemical, biological and documentary
records of the climate system will provide
insights into the mechanisms and rate of change
that characterized Earths past climate
variability, the sensitivity of Earth to changes
in forcing, and the response of key components of
the Earth system to these changes.
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"Salvà Sinobas Project" Climate reconstruction
in Iberia 1750-1850
Participants IGEO, U Barcelona, U Extremadura, U
Zaragoza, U Pablo de Olavide, U Murcia, U Vigo
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Why this time period

• The anthropogenic GEI effect is marginal. Thus,
  the detected climate variability will be of
  natural origin.
• It is the end of the Little Ice Age, so it will
  allow us to evaluate its impact in Iberia.
• The instrumental weather observations start in
  this period. The overlapping among them and the
  different proxies obtained during the project
  will favor their calibration and the reduction of
  data uncertainties.
• It includes the Dalton's Minimum (solar activity
  minimum between 1790-1820) what permits to
  explore the influence of the solar activity in
  the Iberian Peninsula climate.
• Maldá anomaly, with simultaneous increase of
  drought and floods (1760-1800)
• Impact of Tambora eruption (1815)
• "Megadrought in the Spanish Mediterranean
  shore during 1812-1824
• It was a critical period for the Spanish society.
  The Spanish transoceanic Empire declined during
  this period originating an economic and
  institutional crisis. It will be possible to
  analyze the climatological factors that acted
  jointly with this societal process.

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Specific objectives

• Compilation and analysis of new documentary
  evidences,
• Production of new dendrocronological series.
• Climate modeling for the Iberian Peninsula by
  running the climate version of the MM5 model.
• Creation of a freely accessible data base from
  these instrumental data, proxies and MM5 outputs
  for the period 1750-1850.
• Analysis of the climate variability and impacts
  from the results obtained in the previous
  sections

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New Documentary Evidences
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Early Instrumental Series
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Madrid
Sources

• Rico Sinobas (Real Academia de Medicina)
• Press Diario de Madrid

Astronomical Observatory (Retiro)
Variables Pressure, Temperature, Rainfall
Frequency Temporal Resolution 3 measurements per
day Time Period 1786-2009
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English Logbooks for the Mediterranean
Source Naval National Archive - Kew Time Period
1670-1850
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Dendrocronological Series
CICYT CLI96-1862 IPECSIC chronologies
ITRDB chronologies before 1750
ITRDB chronologies
New chronologies
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Regional Modeling
GCM -ECHO-G -T30 (Atmosphere)? -T42er
(Ocean)? Experiments -Erik1 -Erik2 Same
forcing!!
Radiative forcing
Condiciones Frontera SST
Seasonal T2m series over Iberia .
RCM -MM5 -30km Experiments -MM5-Erik1(1500-1
990) OK! -MM5-Erik2(1500-1990)?
Maunder Minimum 2-m temp. anomalies
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Analysis of the climate variability and impacts
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Data Base
http//salva-sinobas.uvigo.es
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Modelling global climate variability by means of
a hierarchy of climate models. Relevance for the
Iberian Peninsula climate. MOVAC
Goal To study climate variability at different
spatial and timescales, from interannual to
millennial, by means of climate modelling using a
hierarchy of coupled atmosphere-ocean climate
models and to assess the impact of this
variability on the climate of the Iberian
Peninsula.

• Paleoclimate Modelling and Analysis (PalMA),
• Dpto. Astrofísica y Ciencias de la Atmósfera
• Micrometeorología y Variabilidad Climática
  (MYVAC),
• Dpto. Geofísica y Meteorología,
• Universidad Complutense de Madrid

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1. Millennial climate variability during last
glacial period

• To gain insight into the mechanisms responsible
  for glacial abrupt climate change, in particular
  the role of the ocean.
• To understand the different stability of glacial
  and interglacial periods.
• Tool climate simulations with the climate model
  of intermediate complexity CLIMBER-3a.

Montoya and Levermann, GRL 35 (2008), L03608
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2. Interannual-multidecadal variability during
the last millennium

• To investigate the sensitivity of atmospheric
  dynamics to changes in spatial resolution in the
  North Atlantic and the associated uncertainty on
  future climate projections.
• To assess the role of oceanic variability on the
  atmospheric North Atlantic variability.
• Tool climate simulations with ECHO-G coupled
  atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (GCM).

González-Rouco et al. GRL, 22, L01703, 2006
Zorita et al. J. Climate, 20, 3693-3698, 2007.
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3. Interannual-multidecadal variability in the
observational period and in future projections

• To analyze changes in modes of variability before
  and after the so called climate shift of the
  70s.
• To investigate the impact of climate change on
  atmospheric modes of variability.
• Tools UCLA atmospheric GCM, NEMO-OPA ocean GCM,
  SPEEDO climate model.

ATL-3 (JJAS), SST
Rodríguez de Fonseca et al. (in revision)?