American Psychological Association APA Format

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American Psychological Association (APA) Format

• Anne PembertonRandall Librarypembertona_at_uncw.edu
  962-7810

Will WilkinsonUniversity Learning
Serviceswilkinsonw_at_uncw.edu962-7156
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• Some Caveats
• Workshop Focuses on Citations
• We Do Not Grade Your Papers
• We Do Not Replace the APA Manual

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Who Uses APA?

• Business
• Communication
• Criminal Justice
• Education
• Nursing
• Political Science
• Psychology
• Social Work
• Sociology

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BF76.7 .P83 2001   
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Writing Services

• University Learning Services
• Westside Hall 1056
• 962-7857
• http//www.uncw.edu/stuaff/uls/writing.htm

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Other Resources

• Randall Library Online APA GuideLibrary Homepage
  Citation Sources APA http//library.uncw
  .edu/web/research/citation/apa.html
• Concise Rules of APA Style   BF76.7 .C66 2005 
  
• Mastering APA Style Student's Workbook and
  Training Guide BF76.8 .G452 2002 
• Other Websites http//owl.english.purdue.edu/owl
  /resource/560/01/ 
• http//www.apastyle.org/

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Other Resources

• APA Style Converter
• http//cogsci.richmond.edu/APAconverter/main.html
• NCSU Citation Builder
• http//www.lib.ncsu.edu/lobo2/citationbuilder/cita
  tionbuilder.php
• Citation Machine
• http//citationmachine.net/
• EndNote Software and EndNote Web
• http//www.endnoteweb.com

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Sample Papers Manual Page 306 Online
http//www.chaffey.edu/writingctr/APASamplePaper.
doc
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General Guidelines

• Typeface (12-pt Times New Roman/Courier)
• Double Spacing
• Margins (1 in. all sides)
• Page Numbers (upper right-hand corner) The page
  number appears one inch from the right edge of
  the paper on the first line of every page,
  beginning with the title page. The only pages
  that are not numbered are Figures
• Alignment Flush left (creating uneven right
  margin)

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General Guidelines

• Manuscript Page Header The first two or three
  words of the paper title appear five spaces to
  the left of the page number on every page,
  beginning with the title page. Manuscript page
  headers are used to identify manuscript pages
  during the editorial process. Using most word
  processors, the manuscript page header and page
  number can be inserted into a header, which then
  automatically appears on all pages        
• Paragraph Indentation 5-7 spaces         
• Use one space after a period, not two.
• Order of Pages Title Page, Abstract, Body,
  References, Appendixes, Footnotes, Tables, Figure
  Captions, Figures

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In-Text References

• One Author
• Smith (2002) found
• (Smith, 2002).
• Two Authors
• Smith and Jones (2003) found
• (Smith Jones, 2003).

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In-Text References

• Three, Four, or Five Authors
• 1st time
• Smith, Jones, and Black (2001) found
• 2nd time
• Smith et al. (2001) found
• After 2nd time
• Smith et al. found

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In-Text References

• Six or More Authors
• Smith et al. (2002) found
• Groups as Authors
• 1st Citation
• (American Psychological Association APA, 2000).
• Subsequent Citations
• (APA, 2000).

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In-Text References

• Anonymous or No Author
• Use first few words of reference list entry
  (usually title)
• (Anonymous, 1999)
• (Study Finds, 1995)
• Authors with Same Surname
• Include initials
• S. T. Smith (2000) and J. D. Smith (1999)

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Citations
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What Should You Cite?

• Everything!

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Understanding Databases Citations
Fields
PsycINFO Database
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Understanding Databases Citations
TI TitleTitle of Article
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Understanding Databases Citations
AU AuthorWho wrote book/article
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Understanding Databases Citations
SO SourceName of Journal
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Understanding Databases Citations
Volume
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Understanding Databases Citations
Issue Number
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Understanding Databases Citations
DateMonth/Year
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Understanding Databases Citations
Page Numbers
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Understanding Databases Citations
Title of Article
Social Services Abstracts Database
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Understanding Databases Citations
Author
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Understanding Databases Citations
Name of Journal
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Understanding Databases Citations
Date of Publication
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Understanding Databases Citations
Volume Number
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Understanding Databases Citations
Issue Number
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Understanding Databases Citations
Month Published
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Understanding Databases Citations
Page Numbers
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(No Transcript)
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Using the APA Manual
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• Most Important Pages
• In text references pages 207 214
• Reference List (Chapter 4) pages 215 281
• Examples/list of references begins on page
  232Number refers to example number (not page
  number)
• Example A. Periodicals abstract, 16, 17

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Most Common Citations

• Periodical (magazine, journal, newspaper, etc.)
• Nonperiodical (book)
• Part of a nonperiodical (book chapter)
• Online periodical (online magazine)
• Online document (webpage)

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Periodical

• Periodical comes out periodically (published on a
  regular basis)
• Examples journals, magazines, scholarly
  newsletters, etc.
• Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C.
  (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical,
  xx, xxx-xxx.

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Example of Periodical

• Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C.
  (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical,
  xx, xxx-xxx.
• Damrosch, S., Damrosch, G. D. (1996). Avoiding
  common mistakes in APA style The briefest of
  guidelines. Nursing Research, 45(6), 331-333.

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Special Cases (More than Year)

• Damrosch, S., Damrosch, G. D. (1996,
  November/December). Avoiding common mistakes in
  APA style The briefest of guidelines. Nursing
  Research, 45(6), 331-333.
• Damrosch, S., Damrosch, G. D. (1996, Spring).
  Avoiding common mistakes in APA style The
  briefest of guidelines. Nursing Research, 45(6),
  331-333.
• Damrosch, S., Damrosch, G. D. (1996, November 9).
  Avoiding common mistakes in APA style The
  briefest of guidelines. Nursing Research, 45(6),
  331-333.

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Special Cases (Volume/Issue)

• Damrosch, S., Damrosch, G. D. (1996,
  November/December). Avoiding common mistakes in
  APA style The briefest of guidelines. Nursing
  Research, 45, 331-333.
• Damrosch, S., Damrosch, G. D. (1996, Spring).
  Avoiding common mistakes in APA style The
  briefest of guidelines. Nursing Research, 45(6),
  331-333.

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Special Cases (More than 6 Authors)

• Damrosch, S., Damrosch, G. D., Pemberton, A. E.,
  Fritzler, R. P., Stiles, J. F., Bosi, M. A., et
  al. (1996). Avoiding common mistakes in APA
  style The briefest of guidelines. Nursing
  Research, 45, 331-333.

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Special Cases (No Author)

• New drug appears to sharply cut risk of death
  from heart failure (1993, July 15). Nursing
  Research, 83-87.

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Nonperiodical

• Nonperiodical is something that does not get
  published periodically/published separately
• Examples books, reports, brochures, manuals,
  videos, DVDs, etc.
• Author, A. A. (1994). Title of work. Location
  Publisher.

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Nonperiodical Example

• Moby Dick
• Author, A. A. (1994). Title of work. Location
  Publisher.
• Melville, H. (1929). Moby dick. New York Book
  League of America.

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Part of a Nonperiodical

• Book chapter
• Author, A. A., Author, B. B. (Year). Title of
  chapter. In A. Editor, B. Editor, C. Editor
  (Eds.), Title of book (pp. xxx-xxx). Location
  Publisher.

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Part of a Nonperiodical Example

• Author, A. A., Author, B. B. (Year). Title of
  chapter. In A. Editor, B. Editor, C. Editor
  (Eds.), Title of book (pp. xxx-xxx). Location
  Publisher.
• Rubenstein, J. P. (1967). The effect of
  television violence on small children. In B. F.
  Kane (Ed.), Television and juvenile psychological
  development (pp. 112-134). New York American
  Psychological Society.

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Online Periodical

• From electronic databases (such as PsycARTICLES,
  EBSCOHost, JSTOR, etc.)
• Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C.
  (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical.
  xx, xxx-xxx. Retrieved month day, year, from
  source.

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Online Periodical Example

• Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C.
  (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical.
  xx, xxx-xxx. Retrieved month day, year, from
  source.
• Eid, M., Langeheine, R. (1999). The measurement
  of consistency of class models. Psychological
  Methods, 4, 100 116. Retrieved November 19,
  2004, from the PsycARTICLES database.

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Online Document

• Webpages
• Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work. Retrieved
  month day, year, from source.

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Online Document Example

• Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work. Retrieved
  month day, year, from source.
• Greater New Milford (Ct) Area Healthy Community.
  (n.d.) Who has time for a family meal? Retrieved
  October 5, 2004, from http//www.familymealtime.or
  g

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Questions?