Animation Studies SMST31805A

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Animation StudiesSMST318-05A

• Week 7 Lecture
• Influential Art Movements

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Influential Movements

• The avant garde
• Futurism
• Dada
• Surrealism
• Expressionism

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Avant-garde refers to writers, artists,
filmmakers, or musicians whose work is
innovative, experimental, or unconventional.
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The avant-garde represented an aesthetically and
politically motivated attack on traditional
arts and its values.
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The avant-garde, aggressive from the
beginning, saw itself as a breakthrough to the
future Its members werethe militants of a
creativity which would revive and liberate
humanity (Raymond Williams, 1989, page 51).
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The avant-garde is an artisinal or personal
mode. Avant-garde films tend to be made by
individuals or very small groups of
collaborators, financed either by the filmmakers
alone or in combination with private patronage
and grants from arts institutions. Such films
are usually distributed through film
co-operatives, and exhibited by film societies,
museums and universities (Murray Smith, 1998).
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Avant-garde film is renowned for its
opposition to mainstream cinema
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The avant-garde has been traditionally
understood as a reaction to realism
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Hans Richter

• Ghosts Before Breakfast
• (Germany, 1927-28)

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Oskar Fischinger
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Futurism attempted to
express the dynamic nature of the modern age
using technology as its subject
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Futurists argued that it was better to depict
the world through abstraction than by trying to
imitate or represent reality.
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For the futurists, film had to be storyless. It
must be a filmed dreaming of objects, animated,
humanized, baffled and dancing objects, removed
from their normal surrounds and put into
abnormal states to expose their amazing
construction and non-human life.
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Futurist photo-dynamism
Anton Bragaglia (1890-1960)
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Bisi, 1915
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Dada An artistic and literary movement of the
early 20th century founded on a rejection of
traditional artistic and cultural values
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Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968)
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The Dada aesthetic involved juxtaposing
seemingly nonsensical or unrelated images and
vignettes, giving the appearance of spontaneous
thought without necessarily having a deep
"meaning."
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Francis Picabia
Raoul Hausmann
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Dada man is the radical adversary of
exploitation (John Heartfield, 1920)
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• John Heartfield
• Photocolage
• Dada
• Detournment

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Andy Warhol
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Andy Warhol

• Pop-artist
• Influenced by Dada

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Surrealism An early 20th-century movement in art
and literature that tried to represent the
subconscious mind by creating fantastic imagery
and juxtaposing elements that seem to contradict
each other
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Principles Practices of Surrealism Unconscious
notation (automation, dream painting)
Supremacy of method over product Spontaneity of
thought creative expression Metamorphosis Incong
ruous combination Enigma Anti-art
Anti-narrative Unresolved conflict Evocation
and provocation Shock-montage Revolutionary
political ideals Contradiction transitional
states
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Rene Magritte (1898-1967)
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Rene Magritte
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Rene Magritte
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Salvador Dali
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Salvador Dali
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• Surrealist Animations
• A Phantasy (Norman McLaren)
• Yellow Submarine (George Dunning, UK, 1968)
• Fantastic Planet (Rene Laloux, France,1973)
• The Orchestra (Zbig Rybczynski, Poland)
• The Cabinet of Jan Svankmajer
• (Brothers Quay, 1984)
• Food (Jan Svankmajer, Czech, 1992)
• Ah Pook is Here (Philip Hunt, UK, 1994)
• Immortel (Enki Bilal, France, 2004)

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Expressionism An artistic movement that
flourished in Germany between 1905 and 1925
whose adherents sought to represent feelings
and moods rather than objective reality, often
distorting color and form.
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Expressionism A literary movement of the early
20th century, especially in the theater, that
represented external reality in a highly
stylized and subjective manner, attempting to
convey a psychological or spiritual reality
rather than a record of actual events.
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Rustboy
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http//www.apple.com/uk/creative/rustboy/
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Tim Burton Henry Selick
The Nightmare Before Christmas
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