IPv6 Mobility and IETF Status

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IPv6Mobility and IETF Status

• Robert M. Hinden
• Chief Internet Technologist
• Nokia

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THE INTERNET MODEL

• End-to-End Communication
• Intelligence in Hosts
• Simple / Fast forwarding in Routers
• All Services run over IP
• IP runs over Everything
• Internets Success based on
• Simple Powerful Architecture
• Easy to deploy new Applications
• Technology Evolution

Applications
Transport
IP
Link and Physical Layer
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A VIEW OFINTERNET HISTORY

• 1970s
• Arpanet / Internet Technology Invented
• 1980s
• Research / Non-Commercial Internet Service
• 1990s
• The Web and the Internet Everywhere
• 2000s
• The Mobile Internet

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MOBILE INTERNET CHARACTERISTICS

• Always On
• Billions of Devices
• Mobility
• Mobility in a Wireless Network
• Mobility between Wireless Networks
• 2 G, 3 G, WLAN, Bluetooth,
• Secure
• Authentication and Privacy
• Client is Server
• Voice, Messaging, Push Content, Peer-to-Peer

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MOBILE INTERNET OUTLOOK
Projected cellular subscribers (Nokia 1999)
More handsets than PCs connected to the Internet
by the end of 2004 !
Projected Internet handsets (Nokia 1999)
Projected PCs connected to the Internet (Dataquest
10/98)
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IPv6 FOR MOBILE INTERNET

• Always On
• Global addresses for every device
• Mobility
• Mobility support in all IPv6 nodes
• Improved Mobile IP
• Autoconfiguration
• Secure
• Global Addresses key to End-to-End Security
• Client is Server
• Global Addresses facilitate Server Services

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THE NEED FOR IPv6

• The Internet has been a great Success!
• Success creates problems
• IPv4 is running out of Global IP Addresses
• Addresses are currently being rationed
• Network Address Translation (NAT) has extended
  the life of IPv4, but
• Breaks Internet End-to-End model
• Inhibits new applications
• Barrier to mobile IP communication
• Mobile Phones without phone numbers?

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IPv4 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION
Private IPv4 Addressing
Public IPv4 Internet
NAT
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ASIA IPv4 ADDRESS ALLOCATIONS

• Currently Allocated
• China 22 Million
• India 2 Million
• Thailand 1 Million
• Other Legacy Allocations (minimum)
• MIT 17 Million
• IBM 33 Million
• Genuity / BBN 51 Million
• US Government 168 Million
• UK Government 33 Million
• Europe 80 Million

March 2002
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IPv6 FEATURES

• Larger 128-bit Hierarchical Addresses
• Supports Much Larger Internet
• Allows Embedded IEEE 802 MAC Addresses for
  Auto-Configuration
• Auto Configuration
• Incremental Deployment
• Other
• Enables End-to-End Security (IPSEC) via Global
  Addresses
• Efficient general header compression
• Improved Mobile IP support

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IPv6 HEADER FORMAT
Version
Flow Label
Class
Payload Length
Next Header
Hop Limit
Source Address
40 bytes
Destination Address
32 bits
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IPv6 ADDRESSING

• 128 Bit Addresses can Identify Large Number of
  End Points 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,
  431,768,211,456
• 15 Initially Assigned, 85 Reserved for Future
  Growth

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PLUG-AND-PLAY AUTOCONFIGURATION

• Simple address autoconfiguration mechanism
• Hosts learn subnet prefix from routers and create
  Global Addresses
• IPv6 Autoconfiguration is key feature for
• Large scale deployments
• Wireless Internet devices
• Simpler management

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IPv6 NON-FEATURES

• QOS
• QOS in IPv6 is based on Diff Services
• IPv4 TOS field IPv6 Class field
• IPv6 Flow Label might be used in future
• Routing
• Utilizes existing routing technology
• No easy solutions to hard problems
• Security
• Utilizes IPSEC (almost same as for IPv4)
• Global address addresses help a lot
• IPSEC still needs ubiquitous certificate
  infrastructure

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IETF IPv6 STATUS

• Core IPv6 protocols Standard and Stable
• IPv6 Protocol, Addressing Architecture, ICMP,
  DNS, Security,Transition Mechanisms, Neighbor
  Discovery, Address Auto-configuration, IPv6 over
  ltlinkgt, Routing Protocols, Tunneling, MIBs,
  Header Compression, MLD, etc.
• IPv6 Focused Working Groups
• IPv6, V6OPS, Multi6, SEND
• Other Working Groups doing IPv6 work
• DHC, MIP, Routing, DNSEXT, VRRP, MAGMA

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IPv6 W.G. STATUS/NEWS

• IESG approved IPv6 Addressing Architecture for
  Draft Standard
• IESG approved IPv6 Address Selection for IPv6
• RFC 3314 Recommendations for IPv6 in Third
  Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Standards
  published
• Started work on an IPv6 Node Requirements
  specification
• IPv6 Flow Label close to w.g. consensus
• New draft major improvement and close to w.g.
  consensus

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IPv6 W.G. STATUS/NEWS (cont.)

• Revision of MIBs to handle IPv6 consistently
• IP, TCP, UDP, Routing Table
• Site-Local Usage
• Considerable discussion
• Focusing on usage scenarios
• Prefix Delegation
• Initial requirements done
• W.G. consensus to focus on DHCPv6 and RA Proxy
  approaches
• DNS Discovery
• W.G. consensus to continue work
• Deadlock with IESG..

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IPv6 W.G. STATUS/NEWS (cont.)

• Node Information Query
• Widely implemented
• Comments from IESG
• W.G. consensus to continue work

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OTHER IETF IPv6 NEWS

• DHCPv6 approved by IESG for Proposed Standard
• Mobile IPv6 in working group last call
• V6OPS
• Replace NGTRANS w.g.
• Defining transition scenarios
• New group (SEND) working on securing IPv6
  Neighbor Discovery
• VRRP developing IPv6 version
• BOF on Zero Configuration Routers

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IPv6 READY

• Volume deployment has begun
• Microsoft XP and .NET
• Apple MacOS X 10.2
• Linux and BSD
• Symbian OS 7
• Realtime OSs available
• Cisco and Juniper support IPv6
• Waiting to be turned on!

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MY HOME IPv6 NETWORK

• IPv6 at Home
• DSL (IPv4 Service)
• Tunnel (IPv6 over IPv4) to Nokia.Net
• Nokia IPSO IP110 Router
• WLAN
• Servers (IPv6 access only)
• Web http//libretto60.nokia.net
• Temperature http//therma.nokia.net
• Machines with IPv6
• Win2K PC Desktop
• MacOS X 10.2 on iMAC
• Win2K Toshiba Laptop
• FreeBSD on Libretto laptop
• WinXP on Mini-ITX system

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TOPOLOGY
DSL
IP110
WLAN AP
therma
libretto60
win2k
iMAC
winXP
win2K
iBook
iBook
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PICTURE
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NOKIA IPv6 VIEW

• IPv6 is required to support vast numbers of new
  mobile internet devices
• Needs Global End-to-End connectivity to deploy
  new applications
• IPv6 is required as a foundation for IP Mobility
• IPv6 allows for equitable worldwide assignment of
  addresses
• IPv6 is being developed for all Nokia products

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SUMMARY

• IPv6 will scale to Billions of Wireless IP
  devices
• IPv4 will slow deployment of Mobile Internet
• IPv6 allows for equitable worldwide assignment of
  addresses
• Restores the Internet End-to-End model
• NOKIA is very committed to IPv6