FLASH FLUENCY

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FLASH FLUENCY
A Fluency Resource for Students in Grades 2
5 January 2007 Memphis City Schools
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Memphis, Tennessee - 2006 3rd Grade TCAP
  Facts
• 1,414 third-grade students in 25 Reading First
  schools had both RCT and TCAP scores
  reported
• The percentage of third-grade students scoring
  proficient or advanced on the TCAP based on
  fluency category
• On-track (110 wpm) 95 Pass Rate (62 Prof.,
  33 Adv.)
• Emerging (80 - 109 wpm) 80 Pass Rate (70
  Prof., 10 Adv.)
• Struggling (0 - 79 wpm) 43 Pass Rate (41
  Prof., 2 Adv.)

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FLASH FLUENCY
TCAP Passing Rate Memphis

• A student reading 110 wpm or more, has a 95
  chance of passing the TCAP.
• These students are twice as likely to pass the
  assessment than those students reading between 61
  and 80 words per minute.
• They are three times as likely to pass the TCAP
  as a student reading less than 30.

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FLASH FLUENCY
GOAL Levels Spring
2007 Fall 2006
2nd 90 wpm 56 wpm 3rd 110 wpm 66
wpm 4th 118 wpm 72 wpm 5th 124 wpm 91 wpm
PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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95
Chart 3
Chart 2
81
Apr. 2
Chart 1
Chart 2
68
Mar. 5
Feb. 5
Chart 1
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FLASH FLUENCY
ALL CHILDREN - GRADES 2 5

• Easy routine to ensure repeated reading
• Ready-made plan for Literacy Work Stations
• Resources to improve fluency and motivation

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Instructional Facilitators January 25
• Introduction to Teachers January 29 February
  2
• Student Implementation
• February 5

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Fluency practice noted in Lesson Plans
• Fluency practice may rely on other resources,
  i.e., Quick Reads.

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Fluency Convergence of Research
• NRP identified as one of 5 essential elements of
  reading instruction
• Effortless minimal processing that frees the mind
  for comprehension
• The bridge between word recognition and
  comprehension

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• What is it?
• the ability to read text quickly
• Speed Does Matter in Reading
• (Rasinski)
• Speed is necessary but not sufficient

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• What is it?
• the ability to read words accurately
• Scarred or scared?
• Desert or dessert?
• Necessary to go beyond accuracy to
• Automaticity. (LaBerge and Samuels, 1974)
• Accuracy is necessary but not sufficient

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• What is it?
• The ability to read with prosody
• Natural speech patterns
• Grouping words in meaningful patterns
• Attentive to phrasing and syntax
• Prosody is necessary but not sufficient

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• rate
• accuracy
• expression
• Fluency is more complex and essential than most
  people realize. (Wolf, 2003)

Fluency combines all three!
PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• How do we measure?
• DIBELS (ORF) /VIP (RCT)
• Why do we measure?
• An extensive body of research establishes
  measures of oral reading fluency as valid and
  reliable predictors of important reading outcomes
  and performance on high stakes.
• (Good, Simmons, Kameenui, 2001)
• (FCRR Technical Report 1)

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• How Do We Teach?
• Guided oral reading practice with repetition
  (NRP, 2000)
• Modeling
• Paired Reading
• Timed Reading

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• How Do We Motivate?
• Encourage, cajole, lead, beg, support, demand,
  reward students for reading as broadly and deeply
  as possible.
• (Vaughn, 2006)
• Enter...
• FLASH FLUENCY

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MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Rewards
• Bookmarks
• Buttons
• Bracelets

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MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Overview
• Grades 2-5
• Daily fluency practice
• Engaging expository text
• Easy to implement
• Two-day routine
• Modeling
• Buddy Reading
• Timed Reading

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Fluency Reader
• Readability Range

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
Spache Flesh Kinkaid
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Basic Information
• 4 days per week
• Multiple delivery options
• Minimal time involved
• Maximum return on time investment

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Getting Started with Buddy Reading
• Rank students in order from strongest to weakest
  reader.
• Divide class in half.
• Pair top reader from first half with top reader
  from second half, etc.

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Pairing Examples

• Student 1
• Student 2
• Student 3
• Student 4
• Student 5
• Student 6
• Student 7
• Student 8
• Student 9
• Student 10

• Student 11
• Student 12
• Student 13
• Student 14
• Student 15
• Student 16
• Student 17
• Student 18
• Student 19
• Student 20

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• The Two-Day Routine
• Day One
• Whole group choral read
• Buddy reading
• Day Two
• Buddy reading

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Suggested Options for Implementation
• Using Independent Work Stations
• During the 90 minute reading block
• During Voyager Passport
• During other class times
• As a whole class activity
• Buddies read
• Teacher acts as timer

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• The Buddy Reading Process
• Partner A reads for one minute.
• Partner B works the timer.
• Partner B reads next, for one minute.
• Partner A works the timer.
• Both students fill in their graphs.
• Together they reread the entire passage.

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• The Beauty of the Process
• Provides at least 6 repeated readings of every
  passage
• Begins with the expert (teacher) modeling
  fluent reading
• Builds success with subsequent readings
• Research-based and clearly correlated with
  reading achievement

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Our Goals
• Students competing with themselves, not each
  other.
• Growth of at least one WCPM per week.
• More students proficient on TCAP.
• Extra benefit something for teachers to do with
  the others while they teach small groups or
  Passport groups.

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Packet Walkthrough
• Overview
• Incentives
• Teacher instructions
• Teacher script
• Sample passage
• Flash Fluencys Super Timer

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Packet Walkthrough, cont.
• Cover sheet for station notebook
• Independent work station directions
• Student timed reading charts (3 per set)
• Yellow-struggling
• Green-emerging
• Blue-on track
• Extensions

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Things to Remember
• Flash Fluency is for all students in grades 2-5.
• Flash Fluency is NOT a program or an initiative.
• Flash Fluency IS a daily routine that brings
  additional resources to help with what teachers
  are already doing.

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS
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FLASH FLUENCY

• Questions?
• Opanell Rhodes
• rhodeso_at_mcsk12.net
• Susan Dold
• dolds_at_mcsk12.net
• Linda Kennard
• kennardl_at_mcsk12.net

PRESENTED BY
MEMPHIS CITY SCHOOLS