Gothic Cathedrals French and German

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(No Transcript)
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Gothic Cathedrals(French and German)

• Why did they build these colossal, the
  Cathedrals? It was to deposit, in safety,
• they believed, the imperceptible egg, that seed
  which requires so much care, Taste, that
• atom of pure blood which the centuries have
  transmitted to us, and which, in our turn, we
• should transmit.
  
• 
  -
  Auguste Rodin
  
  
  
  
• 
  
  (1840-1917)
• 
  French
  Artist

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History

• The distinctions between English, German, French,
  Italian and Spanish Gothic are not
• merely defined by their geography. The label of
  Gothic was coined in Italy, during the
• Renaissance, as a derogatory reference to the
  architecture and artistic beliefs of these
• centuries due to the comparison to Goth
  barbarians of those earlier times. As centuries
• passed, Gothic became more and more associated
  with the closing era of the medieval
• age. To this day, there remains a great degree
  of argumentative definition, as one can
• clearly see, a blending of two styles at many
  sites (Romanesque and Gothic).

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History (cont)

• Gracefully incorporated into functional works of
  glass and stone are centuries of spiritual
• and moral understanding and belief thus, each
  individual site serving as a vitalizing
• temple of initiation into the deep-rooted
  mysteries of Christianity. The accepted Gothic
• Period spans some four hundred years, from the
  12th century all the way through the
• early decades of the 16th century. To date,
  religious services are still held within most
• medieval cathedrals and churches yet, their role
  within society is greatly diminished.

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Holy Roman Empire, Scandinavia and Eastern Europe

• German architectural patronage reflected the
  politically fragmented nature of the Roman
• Empire. Due to the intense rivalries of small
  courts, very powerful Elector-Archbishops and
• virtually autonomous Free Imperial Cities,
  discouraged the growth of dominant
• architectural language and promoted a diverse
  style, never before seen in Europe. Some
• of the most original experiments in Late Gothic
  architecture were made in these eastern
• principalities in the 14th century, generating
  new perspective westwards and across the
• older sections of the Empire.

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Structural Gothic Terminology

• Abutment A reinforcing block or wall of masonry
  adding support to the great vaults and arches.
• Arcade A row of arches set atop piers and/or
  columns. Sometimes refers to the arched roof
  itself.
• Crossing The area of intersection in a
  cruciform church, formed by joining the nave,
  transept and chancel.
• Groined Vault A rib-less vault formed by the
  meeting of a pair of equal barrel vaults at right
  angle to each other.
• Hammer Beams Right angled support beams
  projecting from wall tops to brace wooden roofs.

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Structural GothicTerminology

• Lancet Window A tall, narrow window which
  terminates in pointed apex.
• Lantern Tower An extended tower or watch house
  illuminated in its uppermost windows.
• Net Vault A vault constructed of intersecting
  ribs which give impression of a web or net.
• Oculus A circular or eye shaped window.
• Portico A ceilinged entranceway to a church,
  often bordered by columned masonry.
• Vault In all architecture an arched structure
  of stone or masonry forming a ceiling.

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Abbey Saint-Denis (Paris, France 1145-1195)
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Abbey of Saint-Denis
(Saint-Denis, France 1136-1147)
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Saint Chapelle(Paris, France 1243-1248)
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Saint Chapelle(Paris, France 1243-1248)
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The Cathedral of Ulm (Ulm, Germany 1376-1890)
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The Cathedral of Ulm (Ulm, Germany 1376-1890)
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Cologne Cathedral Cologne, Germany (1248)
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Notre Dame (Amiens, France. begun 1220)
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Laon Cathedral(Laon, France 1160-1205)
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Plans
                                         St.
Elizabeth, (Marburg)German High Gothic,
1233-1283
                                         Paris
Cathedral (Notre-Dame)French Gothic, begun 1163
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Flying Buttress(sample of)
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St. Denis Abbey(Nave)
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Bibliography

• http//elore.com/Gothic/introduction.htm
• http//www2.art.utah.edu/cathedral/
• http//www.bc.edu/bc_org
• http//www.owlnet.rice.edu/
• http//165.29.91.7/cultfair/99-00/CritesJ/german.h
  tm
• World Book Encyclopedia 2002

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Humanities 3302

• Fall 2003
• Prof. Juan Ferret
• Designers
• Blanca Gaspar de Alba
• Matilde Bandy