Fatty acids continued

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• Fatty acids continued
• Regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis
• degradation
• 2. Ketone bodies

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1. Regulation of fatty acid metabolism

• 1.Fed and fasted states
• Fed - after a meal carbohydrates high
• Fasted carbohydrates low.
• 2. AcetylCoA carboxylase key enzyme in
• regulation (synthesizes malonylCoA)

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• Fatty acid metabolism is regulated by insulin,
  glucagon
• and epinepherine..

4. In the fed state, insulin stimulates
glycolysis yielding energy acetylCoA for
fatty acid synthesis. and decreases
breakdown. secondary effect malonylCoA
inhibits transport of fatty acids into the
mitochondria. 5. In the fasting state, glucagon
and epinepherine promote fatty acid breakdown
use for energy.
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Effects of epinepherine.
active
Also will inhibit synthesis.
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2. Ketone bodies

• Derived from acetyl-CoA
• Provide energy only source of energy
• for the brain other than glucose
• Observed under the following conditions.
• Starvation
• Untreated diabetes
• Atkins diet

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