Air Pollution At UVM

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Air Pollution?At UVM?

• Say it aint so!

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What is Air Pollution?
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What is Air Pollution?

• Regulated emissions
• Criteria Pollutants
• NOx
• SOx
• CO
• Particulates (PM10, PM2.5)
• Ozone
• Lead
• http//www.epa.gov/air/urbanair/

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What is Air Pollution?

• Regulated emissions
• Criteria Pollutants
• NOx
• SOx
• CO
• Particulates (PM10, PM2.5)
• Ozone
• Lead
• http//www.epa.gov/air/urbanair/

• HAPs - 188
• Chloroform
• Trichloroethylene
• Ethylene dichloride
• Methylene chloride
• Benzene
• Aniline
• http//www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/188polls.html

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What is Air Pollution?

• Regulated emissions
• Criteria Pollutants
• NOx
• SOx
• CO
• Particulates (PM10, PM2.5)
• Ozone
• Lead
• http//www.epa.gov/air/urbanair/

• Regulated emissions
• HAPs - 188
• Chloroform
• Trichloroethylene
• Ethylene dichloride
• Methylene chloride
• Benzene
• Aniline
• http//www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/188polls.html

• Non- Regulated
• Carbon GHG

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HAP Emissions

• UVM has no industrial processes
• Research fume hood emissions are deemed
  insignificant
• UVM no longer maintains gasoline fueling
  operations
• UVM does not monitor for HAPs on main campus

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HAP Emissions

• ESF does have to comply with monthly pouring
  limits for
• Chloroform (1gal)
• Trichloroethylene (10 gal)
• Ethylene dichloride (2.5 gal)
• Methylene chloride (26 gal)
• Benzene (1 gal)
• Aniline (20 gal)

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Criteria GHG Emissions

• Vehicle emissions
• Electricity
• Burning natural gas and fuel oil to produce steam
  or heat

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Criteria GHG Emissions

• Vehicle emissions
• Air pollution permit for Mobile Sources
• Maintained with FAHC, ARC, Champlain College
  through CATMA

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Criteria GHG Emissions

• Electricity
• Through BED
• Offsite emissions from burning fuels
• Offsite emissions do not count towards UVMs
  regulatory responsibilities
• Offsite emissions do count towards UVMs footprint

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Criteria GHG Emissions

• Fossil Fuels
• Natural Gas
• 2 6 fuel oil
• Central Heating Plant
• Other furnaces, boilers water heaters
• Air Pollution Control Permit

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Drivers

• Heat Hot Water for 14,000 people in dorms,
  academic and administrative buildings
• Heat, hot water steam for research facilities
  100M/year (equipment, computers, animals)
• Heat, hot water steam for Athletic facilities
  (ice, pool)
• New facilities are air conditioned with centrally
  supplied chilled water (summer 2007)

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Measures

• Cost
• FY06
• 6.1M Electricity
• 3.4M Natural Gas
• 0.5M 6 Fuel oil
• 0.15M 2 Fuel oil

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Measures

• Fuel Burned
• Calendar year 2006
• 509 MMCF Nat. Gas
• 102K gal 6 Fuel oil
• 40 K gal 2 Fuel oil
• Not including Trinity, Colchester, Rubenstein,
  BRC, Farms, Jeanne Mance, UHC

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Measures

• Permit Compliance
• Was the sulfur content of fuel levels? SOx
• CHP 1-4 permitted to burn 6 fuel oil containing
  up to 1 sulfur
• CHP 5 permitted to burn 6 fuel oil containing
  up to 0.5 sulfur
• Other boilers burn 2 fuel oil with

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Measures

• Permit Compliance
• Was the sulfur content of fuel levels? SOx
• CHP 1-4 permitted to burn 6 fuel oil containing
  up to 1 sulfur
• CHP 5 permitted to burn 6 fuel oil containing
  up to 0.5 sulfur
• Other boilers burn 2 fuel oil with
• Fuel supplier certifications, monthly testing and
  testing after each shipment.
• Report to VT APCD within 30 days and semi-annual
  report to APCD US EPA

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Measures

• Permit Compliance
• Was the fuel burned less than the permitted fuel
  cap?
• SOx, NOx, CO

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Measures
Were Opacity PM 10 emissions

COMS CHP5 was installed after 9 June 1989 so is
subject to New Source Performance Standards which
includes Continuous Emissions Monitoring

OM Other UVM boilers are not subject to NSPS,
but still must comply with opacity requirements.
Proper operations maintenance are the method of
compliance

PM 2.5???

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Measures
You want me to sign what???

• Were reports field with VT APCD?

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Measures

• Carbon GHG
• Tracking UVM
• Cooling UVM
• No Compliance program

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Reacting (or maybe Planning)

• Fuel cap is designed to keep NOx and SOx less
  than 100 tpy (federal major Source threshold.
• We had one bad year in 2000/2001 that would
  exceed current threshold.
• Any need to increase fuel cap?

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Reacting (or maybe Planning)

• Increased fuel cap requires Title V air
  pollution control permit.
• Title V is a Federal permit that is more
  scrutinized

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Reacting (or maybe Planning)

• Major difference is that Title V requires annual
  Compliance Certification following Reasonable
  Inquiry
• I.e. We have looked and found that UVM is in
  compliance with all (52 in current permit) air
  pollution compliance requirements.
• Signed by . . .

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Reacting (or maybe Planning)

• Major difference is that Title V requires annual
  Compliance Certification following Reasonable
  Inquiry
• I.e. We have looked and found that UVM is in
  compliance with all (52 in current permit) air
  pollution compliance requirements.
• Signed by . . .

You want me to sign what???
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Goals

• Reduce cost?
• Reduce Footprint? Combat Global Warming?
• Increase occupant satisfaction? Or reduce
  occupant complaints?
• Increase centrally chilled water?
• Increase steam distribution?
• Increase electrical production on campus
  Co-gen?
• Be the leading Environmental University?
• Prepare for Peak Oil?

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Goals

• 1M set aside for Energy Savings Projects this
  year
• 1M next year
• 2/20/07 5 minute off-the-cuff brainstorm w/ no
  decisions
• Wood chips
• Energy use charge back system
• Individual building/location metering
• Better controls systems
• More controls technicians

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Questions

• Francis Churchill
• Environmental Safety Facility
• francis.churchill_at_uvm.edu