Presentacin de PowerPoint

1
REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS OF AVHRR DATA TO NATURAL
AND ANTHROPOGENIC DISASTERS
To be presented at the Satellite Direct Readout
Conference for the Americas, Miami, December
9-13, 2002.
2
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
Mission
To develop methodologies for detection of natural
and anthropogenic disasters using real-time
multispectral satellite data.
3
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
OBJECTIVES

• Real-time forest fire detection at national
  level.
• Real-time thermal surveillance of 14 Mexican
  active volcanoes and 11 of Central America
• Real-time volcanic ash detection in the
  atmosphere
• Research on methods for detection of other
  natural and anthropogenic disasters floods,
  drought, etc.

4
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
VISION
To predict and mitigate natural and anthropogenic
disasters timely using multispectral satellite
data.
There are three research centers working on
real-time Volcanological applications, namely,
Alaska Volcano Observatory, University of Hawaii
and CUICA-UCOL (Mexico).
5
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
Real-time multispectral AVHRR forest fire
detection in Mexico has been made since
1997.   Improvements a).- Climatic
sectorization. At present, Mexico is divided in
12 sectors. b).- Dynamic temperature
thresholds. c).- Hot points and smoke plumes
are represented on a NDVI image d).-
Forest fires and agricultural burning are
identified using the National Forestry
Inventory 2000 through a geographical information
system.   Two daily (morning and evening)
reports are emitted The reports contain
Date, time, geographical coordinates, extension
(Ha), affected forestry, Natural Protected
Area. Official data indicate a reduction near to
50 of affected areas since real-time satellite
data are used.
6
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
References Galindo I. and R. Solano, Real time
AVHRR detection of forest fires and smoke in
Mexico between January and June 1998. North
American Science Symposium, Guadalajara, Jalisco,
Mexico, 1-6 November 1998. United States
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Proceedings RMRS-P-12, 68-75.   Galindo, I., P.
López-Pérez and M. Evangelista-Salazar, Real-time
AVHRR forest fire detection in Mexico
(1998-2000). Int. J. Remote Sensing, 24, 9-22,
2002.
7
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
Imagen compuesta multiespectral AVHRR (canales 1
2) 8/Mayo /1998, 707 (tiempo local) Los puntos
rosas indican incendios forestales. La capa de
humo se extiende desde Guatemala sobre el Golfo
de México hasta el sur de los Estados Unidos.
Canales 1 2 (visible e infrarrojo cercano) con
identificación de focos calientes
8
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
9
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
10
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
11
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
12
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
13
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
14
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
15
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
2.1.- Volcano Thermal Surveillance Volcanism is
associated with the transfer of heat energy from
the Earths interior toward and above its
surface. Multispectral Thermal Remote Sensing
offers two main applications a).-
detection and monitoring of potential thermal
precursors to eruptions, and b).-
observation and measurement of eruptive
phenomena. 2.2.- Volcanic ash detection and
plume surveillance - Transfer of heat
energy is accompanied of mass transfer (water
vapor, SO2, and ash particles). -
Airborne volcanic plumes can arise from either
explosive eruptions or noneruptive
fumarolic degassing. - Improvements Cloud
height and direction determination using
TOVS-ATOVS data. - Two daily reports are
emitted to the Aviation Authorities and civil
Protection Authorities. - These
activities started in 1996. At present we
monitor 14 active volcanoes of Mexico and
11 of Central America
16
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
References Galindo, I., Volcanic clouds
detection from the low energy eruption of
Popocatépetl volcano, Mexico using AVHRR bands 4
and 5. Volcanic Ash Hazards and Aviation
Workshop, Anchorage, May 19-21,
1996.   Galindo, I., and T. Domínguez, Near
real-time satellite monitoring during the
1997-2000 activity of Volcán de Colima, (Mexico)
and its relationship with seismic monitoring. J.
Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 117, 91-104,
2002.   Galindo, I., and T. Domínguez,
Real-time Multispectral Thermal Monitoring and
Ash Emission Detection into the Atmosphere the
Case of Colima Volcano (Mexico). In Volcanism and
the Earths Atmosphere, Chapman Conference,
American Geophysical Union. Submitted October
2002.
17
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
18
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
19
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
20
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
21
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
22
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
23
Universidad de Colima Centro Universitario de
Investigaciones en Ciencias del Ambiente
24
(No Transcript)
25
(No Transcript)