ILCAmericas Program Overview

1
ILC-Americas Program Overview

• G. Dugan
• ILC/GDE and Cornell University

DOE/NSF ILC Program Review Apr. 4-6, 2006
2
Outline

• Overview of ILC and GDE
• GDE mission and goals, ILC challenges
• ILC baseline configuration
• ILC Reference Design Report (RDR) and cost
  estimate.
• Organization of the Americas Regional Team
• MoU process
• WBS and FY06 budgets WBS 1.x
• FY06 Program
• FY06 ILC RD program highlights, including
  university RD program
• FY06 program concerns
• Outlook for FY07 and beyond

3
International Linear Collider The Global Design
EffortMission

• Produce a design for the ILC that includes a
  detailed design concept, performance assessments,
  reliable international costing, an
  industrialization plan, and a siting analysis, as
  well as detector concepts and scope.
• Coordinate worldwide prioritized proposal driven
  R D efforts (to demonstrate and improve the
  performance, reduce the costs, attain the
  required reliability, etc.)

4
Formation of the Global Design Effort

• Director Barry Barish Appointed in March 2005
• Appointed Regional Directors (Gerry Dugan
  (Americas), Fumihiko Takasaki (Asia), Brian
  Foster (Europe))
• Three regional directors identified GDE members
  (with agreement from BB)
• Currently 66 members, representing approximately
  25 FTE
• GDE Central Team consists of
• core accelerator physics experts
• 3 Conventional Facilities experts (1 per region)
• 3 Costing engineers (1 per region)
• 3 Communicators (1 per region)
• representatives from World Wide Study

5
GDE RDR / RD Organization
FALC
ICFA
FALC Resource Board
ILCSC
GDE Directorate
GDE
GDE Executive Committee
GDE R D Board
GDE Change Control Board
GDE Design Cost Board
Global RD Program
RDR Design Matrix
ILC Design Effort
ILC RD Program
6

• International Linear Collider Timeline

2005 2006 2007 2008
2009 2010
Global Design Effort
Project
Baseline configuration
Reference Design
Technical Design
ILC RD Program
Expression of Interest to Host
International Mgmt
7
Parameters for the ILC

• Ecm adjustable from 200 500 GeV
• Luminosity ? ?Ldt 500 fb-1 in 4 years
• Ability to scan between 200 and 500 GeV
• Energy stability and precision below 0.1
• Electron polarization of at least 80
• The machine must be upgradeable to 1 TeV

8
Scope of the 500 GeV machine

• Main linacs length 21 km, 16,000 RF cavities
  (total)
• RF power 640 10-MW klystrons and modulators
  (total)
• Cryoplants 11 plants, cooling power 24 kW (_at_4K)
  each
• Beam delivery length 5 km, 500 magnets (per
  IR)
• Damping ring circumference 6.6 km, 400 magnets
  (each)
• Beam power 22 MW total
• Site power 200 MW total
• Site footprint length 47 km (for option to
  future upgrade to 1 TeV)
• Bunch profile at IP 500 x 6 nm, 300 microns long

9
Accelerator physics and engineering challenges

• Developing efficient high gradient
  superconducting RF systems
• Requires efficient RF systems, capable of
  accelerating high power beams (MW).
• Achieving nm scale high-power beam spots
• Requires generating high intensity beams of
  electrons and positrons
• Damping the beams to ultra-low emittance in
  damping rings
• Transporting the beams to the collision point
  without significant emittance growth or
  uncontrolled beam jitter
• Cleanly dumping the used beams.

10
Affordability challenges
Civil
Pie chart From US Tech. Options Study
SCRF Linac
11
ILC Baseline configuration Document (BCD)

• A baseline configuration for the ILC machine,
  with a conceptual layout, and beam parameters,
  was defined at end of 2005.
• The baseline made forward looking choices,
  consistent with attaining performance goals. The
  choices were understood well enough to do a
  conceptual design and reliable costing by end of
  2006.
• Alternate configurations were established,
  which may have cost and or performance benefits,
  but which need further RD for validation.
• - The baseline is under configuration
  control,with a defined process for changes to
  the baseline.

12
ILC Baseline Configuration

• Configuration for 500 GeV machine with
  expandability to 1 TeV
• Some details (locations of low energy
  acceleration, crossing angles) are not indicated
  in this cartoon.
• Tor Raubenheimer will present more details on the
  BCD

13
ILC Reference Design Report (RDR) and Cost
Estimate

• Based on the Baseline Configuration, a reference
  design and cost estimate will be carried out in
  2006. Technical performance and physics
  performance will be evaluated for the reference
  design report.
• This process began after the Frascati GDE
  meeting and will conclude late in 2006.
• This is a global effort, with participants from
  all three regions.
• Tor Raubenheimer will describe the RDR process
  in more detail.

14
From Baseline to a RDR
2006
July
Dec
Jan
Bangalore
Frascati
Vancouver
Valencia
Freeze Configuration Organize for RDR
Review Design/Cost Methodology
Review Initial Design / Cost
Review Final Design / Cost RDR Document
Design and Costing
Preliminary RDR Released
15
ILC Value estimate

• The ILC will be built as an international joint
  project, in which the three regions will
  contribute mainly in kind (specific components)
• Cost estimates must be done in the context of the
  in-kind contribution model. We will need to
  secure regional component cost estimates and
  evaluate these in terms of a globally defined
  value unit. (ILC unit)
• The complete value estimate will be translatable
  into a given regions currency and cost
  estimating methodology.
• Peter Garbincius will describe the plans and
  methodology for the value estimate in more detail.

16
ILC Program Execution
In the Americas region, the ILC program (the RDR
effort, and supporting ILC RD), is executed by
the Americas Regional Team.
ILC-Americas Regional Team Leaders
ANL-Kwang-Je Kim
BNL-Mike Harrison
Fermilab-Bob Kephart, Shekar Mishra, Sergei
Nagaitsev
Cornell LEPP- Hasan Padamsee, Mark Palmer
Jefferson Lab -Swapan Chattopadahay, Warren Funk
LBNL -Mike Zisman, Christine Celata
LLNL -Jeff Gronberg
SLAC -Tor Raubenheimer, Nan Phinney, Tom Himel
TRIUMF -Shane Koscielniak
Universities- Project Leaders
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Organization of the ILC-Americas Program

• The work is broken down into a series of
  technically-based work packages.
• GDE and each DoE lab sign MoUs detailing the
  co-operative arrangement for the execution of
  work packages at each lab.
• Yearly scope of work is spelled out in Addenda to
  the MoU, which detail the work packages.
• For university RD work, each university project
  is a work package.
• Labs report financial status at the work package
  level quarterly, and technical status
  semi-annually. (Actuals not yet available for
  FY06 for all work packages. Some actuals will be
  covered in presentations)
• About 100 work packages for FY06 are organized
  into a WBS.
• The list of work packages, and associated
  resources, as well as the MOU Addenda, are posted
  on the ILC-Americas web site
• https//wiki.lepp.cornell.edu/ilc/bin/view/Public
  /Americas/WebHome

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FY06 ILC-Americas Budget Breakdown by WBS
element
19
FY06 ILC-Americas Budget Breakdown by machine
Area
20
FY06 lab budgets
FY06 ILC-Americas Budget Breakdown by Laboratory
Most labs are also putting additional funds into
ILC RD. For example, Fermilab is devoting an
additional 12 M to developing SCRF
infrastructure.
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ILC-Americas University FY05 RD Program

• SCRF materials and surface preparation Wisconsin
  (64K), Northwestern(40K), Old Dominion (58K)
• RF power sources Yale (60K), MIT(30K)
• Polarized electron source Wisconsin (35K)
• Polarized positron source Tennessee (40K),
  Princeton
• Damping rings Illinois (17K), Cornell (75K,
  46K) NSF
• Instrumentation, diagnostics Berkeley (35K),
  Cornell (24K) NSF
• Mover systems Colorado State (49K) NSF
• Radiation hard electronics UC Davis (38K), Ohio
  State (75K)
• Ground motion Northwestern (28K)
• Linac beam dynamics design-Cornell (21K)
• High-gradient SCRF RD- Cornell (140K) DOE

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WBS 1.xProgram direction and administration
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ILC RD and RDR efforts for FY06
During this review, the names in bold will
discuss in detail the indicated WBS areas

• WBS x.2. Global Systems (Larsen, Himel, Ross)
• WBS x.3, x.4 Sources (Sheppard)
• WBS x.5 Damping rings (Kim)
• WBS x.6 Ring to Main Linac (Tenenbaum)
• WBS x.7, x.8, x.9 Main Linacs (Mishra, Solyak,
  Adolphsen, Kephart)
• WBS x. 10 Beam delivery systems (Seryi)
• WBS x.11 Site development (Kuchler)

I will give an abbreviated overview of the FY06
program by WBS category in the next few slides.
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WBS x.2 Global Systems

• System availability studies (SLAC)
• Design of high availability hardware (SLAC, LLNL)
• Kickers, Power supplies, diagnostics, and control
  system
• General control system design (ANL, Fermilab,
  SLAC)

Fast (redundant) kicker for DR
25
WBS x.3, x.4 Sources

• Laser and cathode for polarized electron source
  (SLAC)
• NC structures design and test (SLAC)
• Undulator design, E166 (SLAC, Cornell)
• Positron Source simulations (ANL)
• A comprehensive start-to-end simulation of
  conventional, polarized, and keep-alive sources.
• Positron target design (LLNL)
• Detailed engineering
• Target simulations
• Energy deposition
• radiation damage, activation

Positron capturestructures
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WBS x.5 Damping rings

• Damping ring component optimization wigglers,
  fast kickers
• s of the use of CESR as an ILC positron damping
  ring test facility (in 2008) (Cornell)
• Damping Ring Design and Optimization (ANL)
• Lattice design and optimization particle
  tracking for single-bunch instabilities with 3-D
  wakefield studies of ion instability in the APS
  ring design of a hybrid wiggler satisfying the
  field quality tolerance
• SEY studies in PEP-II (SLAC)
• ATF damping ring experiments (SLAC, LBNL,
  Cornell)
• Lattice designs for damping rings and
  injection/extraction lines characterization of
  some collective effects, including space-charge,
  IBS and microwave instability physics design of
  stripline kickers for single-bunch extraction at
  KEK-ATF (LBNL)

27
WBS x.6, x.7 RTML and Main Linac Optics, beam
dynamics, instrumentation

• RTML design (SLAC, Cornell)
• Main linac optics design (SLAC, Fermilab)
• Low emittance transport simulations and BBA
  design (SLAC, Fermilab, Cornell)
• Wakefield calculations (SLAC)
• Linac beamline Instrumentation (SLAC)

TTF HOM Signal800 monitors installed
RF BPM for linac
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SLAC End Station B (RF Test Fac.)
WBS x.8 Main Linac RF sources

• Linac rf sources (SLAC, LLNL)
• Marx generator modulator

• Develop 5 MW station in FY06, and 10 MW station
  later
• Test rf system components
• Reuses extensive infrastructure

29
WBS x.8 Main Linac RF sources

• Coupler Test Stand (LLNL)
• Evaluation and analysis of RF coupler designs

• Linac SC quad and BPM (SLAC)
• Studies of magnetic center stability with
  excitation

SC Quad for magnetic center tests
30
ILC Cavities and test facilities
WBS x.8 Cavities and Cryomodules
Bead pull RF Testing _at_ FNAL
Joint ANL/FNAL BCP/EP Facility

• Industrial fabrication of cavities (12 cavities
  in FY06) (FNAL)
• BCP and vertical testing (FNAL, Cornell)
• EP process development and vertical testing
  (FNAL, Jlab).
• Joint BCP/EP facility being developed at ANL
  (late 06)
• Horizontal test facility _at_ FNAL (ILCTA-MDB)
  (complete Fall 06)
• Vertical test facility under development _at_ FNAL
  (ILCTA-IB1) (complete 07)
• Single/large grain Crystal cavity development
  (FNAL,Jlab).

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Cryomodule assembly and test infrastructure at
Fermilab
WBS x.8 Cavities and Cryomodules
PPD Machine shop (MAB)
Meson Detector Building (MDB)
ILCTA-MDB Cryogenics Installation 60 W _at_ 1.8 K
TD MP9 Cryomodule Assembly Facility (CAF)
First 1.3 GHz TESLA Cavity in MDB Cold and RF
power in Dec
AD Cryo Dept.
32
Cryomodule Design
WBS x.8 Cavities and Cryomodules

• Industrial fabrication and cost reduction of the
  ILC cryomodule are both crucial issues for a
  realistic ILC cost estimate
• In FY05 Fermilab started on converting drawings
  of the DESY/INFN design of the ILC cryomodule
  (Type-III) to US standards for U.S. vendor
  fabrication and for cost reduction.
• IN FY06, as part of a co-ordinated global effort,
  design has started for an improved ILC cryomodule
  (Type-IV).

33
Cryomodule string test ILCTA-NML at Fermilab
WBS x.8 Cavities and Cryomodules
New Muon Lab (NML)
FNPL Photo-Injector

• Building a dedicated ILC cryomodule string test
  facility in the New Muon Lab
• Building is cleaned out except for removal of CCM
  ( in progress)
• Started to install cryogenic system-complete in
  FY07
• Move FNPL Photo-injector to provide electron beam
  (FY07)
• Upgraded FNPL will provide beam tests of ILC
  cryomodules (FY08 and 09)

34
Fabricate, process and test cavities from
large-grain/single-crystal material (JLab)
WBS x.8 Cavities and Cryomodules

• Objectives
• Several single cell and at least one multi-cell
  cavity made from large grain/single crystal
  niobium
• Improved BCP system for producing very smooth rf
  surfaces on large grain/single crystal material
• Test cavity for superconducting rf joint
  investigations
• Optimization studies of superstructure
  configuration based on superconducting joint
• Two cavities suitable to be combined into a
  superstructure
• Engineering package for the completion of a
  superstructure assembly ready for cold tests

35
Re-entrant Cavity Shape47 MV/m at CornellLater
52 MV/m at KEK9-cell re-entrant cavity ordered
from AES
WBS x.8 Cavities and Cryomodules
Cornell LEPP ILC SCRF activities
36
WBS x.10 Beam Delivery System

• Beam delivery system design (SLAC)
• ATF-2 (SLAC)
• Construction of magnets, PS, and instrumentation
• ESA MDI Test Facility (SLAC)

ATF2 Optics
ESA Energy Spectrometer
- NanoBPM for ATF2 (LLNL)
37
ILC Final Focus Magnet Development (BNL)
WBS x.10 Beam Delivery System

• FY06 goals
• Continue to support the baseline design efforts
• Support the development of the Conceptual
  Design/Cost Estimate for the Beam Delivery System
• Fabricate and test a short proof of principle
  shielded final-focus-like quadrupole coil
• Fabricate and test a short proof of principle
  sextupole/octupole corrector-like coil

Winding tests, octupole coil - how small can you
go ?
Shielded quadrupole proof of principle coil
fabrication
38
ILC Civil Design for the RDR
WBS x.11 Conventional Facilities

• Design to sample sites from each region
• Americas near Fermilab
• Japan
• Europe CERN DESY
• Americas Site - in Illinois location may vary
  from the Fermilab site west to near DeKalb
• Design efforts ongoing at Fermilab and SLAC

39
Potential TRIUMF Accelerator RD Resources for ILC
TRIUMF
The specific nature of Canadian involvement is
under development. Some potential collaboration
areas have been identified, along with relevant
LHC experience

• The design of kicker magnets and the construction
  of associated pulse-forming networks and fast
  switches using power semiconductors
• Precision room temperature magnet systems
• e.g. 52 twin-aperture quadrupoles built at Alstom
  Canada
• Beam instrumentation and readout systems
• e.g. 2000 matched-pair 70MHz low pass filters
• e.g. VME64x compliant Digital Aquisition Board
  (DAB)
• Contributions to beam dynamics lattice
  calculations for damping rings.

40
TRIUMF

• Building on expertise developed for TRIUMF ISAC
  radioactive beams accelerator, additional
  possible areas are
• Remote handling design/consulting of target
  stations possible applicability to conventional
  positron source
• Peripheral aspects of superconducting r.f., such
  as cryogenic coolant distribution system,
  design/consulting, small quantity e-beam welding
  of niobium

UBC -Tom Mattison Vibration control systems and
alignment of components for final focus system
also interest in abort kickers
41
FY06 program concerns

• Do we have sufficient resources available to
  complete the RDR and cost estimate? Some funds
  have been held in reserve to pay for additional
  help, but also we will need to divert some effort
  from RD program.
• Key RD concerns
• Development of reliable high-yield processes for
  the production of high-gradient ILC cavities
  remains a critical item. Cavity fabrication and
  studies of processing are high priority parts of
  the program.
• Thales klystron problems emphasize need to put
  more effort into klystron development. Difficult
  to do this before FY07.
• Additional efforts are needed to co-ordinate
  Americas RD program and to plan for the future,
  both within the region, and with programs in
  other regions.

42
FY07 outlook

• PB doubles ILC program budget to 60M (This
  includes ILC detector RD at labs and
  universities)
• However, the requested (technically limited)
  program exceeds the available funding. A process
  of prioritization will be required.
• This process should look to GDE for guidance on
  priorities. Advice will be sought from GDE RD
  Board for general ILC RD efforts, and from
  Linear Collider Steering Group for the Americas
  (LCSGA) for region-specific Americas bid-to-host
  related activities.
• First steps document FY07 lab program requests
  (April 26) Regional team meeting to discuss FY07
  requests and future plans (May 3-4, SLAC)

43
FY07 program lab requests
44
FY07 ILC program request details

• TDR engineering efforts (50 FTE)
• Cavity and cryomodule work
• RF system development
• Sources, Damping rings, beam delivery
• Global systems
• Americas region bid to host

45
Cavities, cryomodules and test infrastructure
FY07 Lab requests

• Fabricate (in industry) and process (at labs) 12
  more ILC high-gradient cavities.
• Continue RD on large-grain and high-gradient
  cavities.
• Continue RD on EP processing, field
  emission/dark current issues, thin film systems.
• Develop EP facility at ANL.
• Horizontally test 10 cavities at Fermilab.
• Build first US-built cryomodule and receive parts
  for 2nd cryomodule (to be built in FY08).
• Complete design of Type IV (ILC-style)
  cryomodule.
• Complete vertical test facility, and second
  horizontal test facility, at Fermilab (IB1).
• Install cryogenic systems support for cryomodule
  tests in Fermilabs ILCTA-NML.
• Upgrade and move Fermilab photoinjector to
  ILCTA-NML.
• Purchase 10 MW klystron and another bouncer
  modulator for ILCTA-NML at Fermilab

46
Linac RF systems
FY07 Lab requests

• Continue development of Marx modulator, and
  evaluation of DTI and SNS modulators downselect
  modulator choice by end of FY07.
• Purchase two 10 MW klystrons from CPI and
  Toshiba. Contract with CPI to develop a
  high-efficiency 5 MW klystron. Fabricate two
  sheet-beam klystron prototypes, following SLAC
  design (split funding in FY07 and FY08). Goal is
  klystron choice by end of FY08.
• Investigate cost reduction options for RF
  distribution system and couplers.
• Continue development of LLRF systems

47
FY07 Lab requests
Sources

• Electron source develop improved photocathodes,
  more robust materials, laser system for polarized
  gun (using SLAC infrastructure), and investigate
  polarized RF guns.
• Positron source
• Optics and system design study image current
  heating of target in AMD field
• Begin detailed design of undulators
• Continue positron source simulations construct
  prototype AMD
• Both Design and build 4.3 m NC traveling wave
  structure

48
Damping rings
FY07 Lab requests

• Continue detailed development of ring design and
  simulations for the TDR
• Pursue experimental and theoretical studies of
  electron cloud effects
• Begin detailed calculations of other collective
  effects in the rings
• Begin detailed engineering design of vacuum
  systems, feedback systems
• Continue and refine designs of fast damping ring
  kickers and pulser systems
• Conduct damping ring studies at ATF and ALS
• Develop detailed plans for CESR conversion to a
  damping ring test facility

49
FY07 Lab requests
Optics and beam dynamics for RTML and Main Linac

• Continue and expand tuning and BBA studies of
  LET.
• Continue SC quad magnetic stability and
  alignment/vibration studies.
• Continue wakefield calculations for candidate
  structures.

Beam Delivery System

• Continue detailed development of optics design,
  collimators, etc.
• Continue magnet fabrication for ATF2.
• Continue experimental program at ESA.
• Begin 3 year program to prototype and test QD0
  (IR FF quad) at BNL.
• Begin engineering design of the FF region
• Continue experimental vibration studies for FF
  quads.

50
Global systems
FY07 Lab requests

• Continue development of high availability
  programs in power supplies, damping ring kicker
  systems, diagnostic processors.
• Begin installation planning for TDR. Investigate
  new alignment techniques based on X-rays.
• Controls and instrumentation continue
  development of ATCA hardware platform. Plan
  timing/rf phase demonstration.
• Diagnostics develop laser system for laser
  wires, time resolved photon diagnostics continue
  development of linac BPM system.

51
Civil design
Americas Bid to Host
Preparing for the Americas Region Bid to Host

• Begin design studies to fully develop an
  expression of interest for an American site for
  the ILC

Industrialization

• Initiate procurements for the fabrication of the
  first of three complete RF units (cavities,
  cryomodules, RF system components) by industrial
  firms in the Americas. Cavity processing and
  cryomodule assembly would use existing lab
  infrastructure.

52
Conclusions

• The ILC Global Design Effort has co-ordinated the
  development of the ILC Baseline Configuration, is
  directing the production of a Reference Design
  Report and cost estimate this year, and is
  providing guidance on the overall ILC RD
  program.
• In the Americas region, the Americas Regional
  Team is playing a major role in the development
  of the ILC RDR and cost estimate.
• A vigorous RD program, in support of the GDE
  goals, is underway in FY06 at national labs and
  universities throughout the Americas region. You
  will hear the details of this program in
  subsequent talks at this review.

53
Conclusions

• Next year, as the project enters the TDR phase, a
  significant increase in resources will allow
  development of the TDR, expansion of the RD
  program, and the start of efforts to develop the
  Americas region bid to host the ILC.
• The requested resources for an FY07 technically
  limited program exceed those expected to be
  available.
• Challenges remain in completion of the RDR and
  cost estimate this year, in cavity processing and
  klystron RD, and in effective co-ordination of
  the regional RD programs.