Introduction to DICOM

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Introduction to DICOM

• The medical image and communication standard

Vincent Nicolas
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Table of Content

• Medical Imaging
• Creation of a standard
• Information Model
• Image
• RT-Struct
• Structured Report
• Managing services
• Display / Print
• Workfow
• Image Quality
• Conformance Statement

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Medical Imaging  The World 

• Medical imaging becomes digital late 60s

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Medical Imaging  The World 

• Medical imaging becomes digital late 60s
• A lot of new modalities
• CT

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Medical Imaging  The World 

• Medical imaging becomes digital late 60s
• A lot of new modalities
• CT
• MRI

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Medical Imaging  The World 

• Medical imaging becomes digital late 60s
• A lot of new modalities
• CT
• MRI
• Nuclear imaging (PET)

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Medical Imaging  The World 

• Medical imaging becomes digital late 60s
• CT, MRI, nuclear imaging
• ? all proprietary systems / format
• Analyze
• Interfile
• Philips
• Dicom 1
• Ecat
• H33

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Medical Imaging  The World 

• Medical imaging becomes digital late 60s
• CT, MRI, nuclear medicine
• ? all proprietary systems
• ? a device is specific for a modality or
  processing method
• ? no integration/interaction possible between
  modalities or devices

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Creation of a Standard
Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine

• Who ?
• ACR (American College of Radiology)
• NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers
  Association)
• 1985 ? Dicom 1.0 (not yet a standard)
• Methodology !
• ISO / OSI
• Creation of a Commitee
• USA, Europe, Japan, (all around the world !)
• In 1993 ? DICOM 3.0 was born !

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Information Model

• Information Objects Definition (IOD)
• Definition of information to be exchanged
• Normalized or complex information
• templates of information structure

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Information Model

• Information Objects Definition (IOD)
• Definition of information to be exchanged
• Normalized or complex information
• templates of information structure

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Information Model

• Information Objects Definition (IOD)
• Definition of information to be exchanged
• Normalized or complex information
• templates of information structure
• Codage transfert syntax,
• Sucession of 3 fields groupid, lenght of data,
  data
• By increasing order ? allow to skip unwanted data

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Information Model

• Information Objects Definition (IOD)
• Definition of information to be exchanged
• Normalized or complex information
• templates of information structure
• Codage transfert syntax,
• Sucession of 3 fields groupid, lenght of data,
  data
• By increasing order ? allow to skip unwanted data

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IOD Image

• Several types
• Modality MRI, CT
• Compression type (JPEG, TIFF, Lossless)

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DICOM-RT
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RT-Plan IOD
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RT-Plan IOD
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RT-Plan IOD
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Structured Report IOD
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Structured Report IOD
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Services

• Service Object
• Needed Service Class User ( SCU )
• Provided Service Class Provider ( SCP )
• Service Object Service Object Pair (SOP)
• action

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Managing Services

• Display / Print

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Managing Service
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Managing Workflows
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Image Quality across devices
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Conformance Statement

• No Certification
• ? Each device has a conformance statement
• List of all IOD, SOP provided by the device

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Conformance Statement
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Conclusion

• Its a world standard
• Its not only for images
• Evolvable
• Is THE standard

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References

• David Clunie
• http//www.dclunie.com/
• ARC / NEMA
• http//medical.nema.org/
• Osirix
• http//homepage.mac.com/rossetantoine/osirix/