Sculpture Vocabulary

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Sculpture Vocabulary

• Leland High School Sculpture
• D. Imerson
• Fall 2009

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relief sculpture

• a type of sculpture that has forms that extend
  into space from a single plane.

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Some relief sculptures tell a story
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Egyptian Relief Sculpture
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A Fossil is a type of relief
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casting

• is a process, where the sculptor starts by making
  a mold.
• We will use paper as our medium for casting

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Mold for Serpent downtown San Jose
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Mold
Cast
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Gesture

• Gestural lines indicate action and physical
  movement.
• Our eyes follow the active lines as they swirl
  across the page
• In this example wire creates the gesture

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Gesture drawing

• Moving a drawing medium quickly and freely over a
  surface to capture the form and actions of a
  subject

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Contour lines

• outline the edges of forms or shapes and actually
  describe shapes and forms in the simplest way
•  

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armature

• internal support, often used to supply strength,
  or to provide weight reductions by providing
  volume and mass, which saves on outer material
  such as plaster

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The 4 ways to create sculpture

• Assemblage
• Carving
• Modeling
• Casting

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assemblage

• assembling is a process in which pieces of
  material are glued or joined together. As in
  modeling, assembled sculptures are built up.
• A house of cards, for example, is made by
  assembling.
• Assembling is also known as constructing.

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Louise Nevelson

• Used assemblage to make her sculptures
• Is this a relief sculpture?

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construction

• Also known as assemblage.

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carving

• Carving is a subtractive process. Michelangelo
  used the subtractive process of carving marble

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Here are some more examples of carving

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modeling

• is the building up and shaping of soft material
  to create a sculpture.

Oil based clay model
Bronze from clay model
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There are two basic shapes or forms

• Organic
• Geometric

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organic

• of, relating to, or derived from living
  organisms.
• organic objects are more flowing, usually modeled
  with only the fingers of the artist.

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geometric

• of or relating to art based on simple geometric
  shapes (as straight lines, circles, or squares).
  
• Geometric objects often require the use of tools
  to produce a more sharp, hard-edged image.

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realistic

• fidelity in art and literature to nature or to
  real life and to accurate representation without
  idealization.

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Realism
Vietnam Veterans Memorial by Fredrick Hart
Odessa by Fredrick Hart
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Abstraction

• a brief definition of creating an abstract
  artwork is to secure the essence of the subject
  matter and translate it into personal expression.
  

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Horse by Deborah Butterffield

Look closely at the colors, lines, and angles of
the horse. What did the artist do to make her
horse beautiful? Which details did she
emphasize? Which did she eliminate?
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non-objective

• representing or intended to represent no natural
  or actual object, figure, or scene

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Untitled by Donald Judd, 1967

• Untitled is an example of the artists spare and
  elegant use of materials. Each stainless steel
  and Plexiglas unit carries equal weight with no
  compositional hierarchy in which the parts have
  different roles and degrees of emphasis.
• There is no story to be applied to this piece,
  it is to be seen and appreciated for what it is a
  repeated pattern of strong beautifully fabricated
  forms.
• The power of visual language when seen in its
  purest form, holds as much interest as works in
  which the artist reveals self, or tells a story.

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maquette

• are rough ideas and not finished within
  themselves. It is a small sketch, model, or
  study for a larger sculpture

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medium

• the materials we use in sculpture such as clay,
  paper, wax, marble, stone, plaster, wire, metal
  and various other materials. The tools used to
  manipulate the materials are not considered a
  medium.

Marble by Michelangelo
Acrylic by Frederick Hart
Oaxacan wood carving
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technique

• is the combination of physical ability and use of
  tools and materials.
• It is the way an idea becomes reality.
• The sculptor must have a knowledge of the media
  in order to know what tools to use and must know
  how to use the tools in order to work with the
  media

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Form

• Form describes volume and mass, or the
  three-dimensional aspects of objects that take up
  space.
• (shape is two-dimensional.)
• the package in which the ideas are presented. It
  is the total design.

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Architectural forms

• Enclose spaces and most are geometric, but some
  architects use curvilinear forms in their
  buildings.

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Fredrick Hart
Frederick Hart's philosophy can be summed up in
his own words,          "Art must touch our
lives...our fears and cares evoke our dreams and
give hope to the darkness."
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content

• tone, mood, essence, statement, feeling, emotion,
  beauty, reality and truth.

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The 3 fundamentals of sculpture are

• form
• content
• technique

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4 Ways to create a sculpture

• Modeling, carving, casting, and assembling are
  the four ways to create a sculpture.

Modeling Carving Casting
Assembling
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The End!
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