Kingdom Fungi

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Kingdom Fungi
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Basic Characteristics

• Fungi are NOT plants or animals
• Characteristics
• Heterotrophic (decomposers)
• Much of life cycle is haploid!
• Multi cellular except for yeast
• Cell walls of Chitin structural carbohydrate
• Must absorb NOT ingest food
• Can be parasitic ringworm, athletes foot

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Hyphae

• String-like structures that make up body of all
  fungi (except yeasts)
• Mycelium many hyphae tangled together
• Fruiting Body reproductive structures that show
  above ground

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Reproduction

• Reproduce both Asexually and Sexually
• Asexually - 2 ways
• 1. Piece of fungi break off forms a new organism
  (fragmentation)
• 2. Produce Spores reproductive cell made by
  mitosis

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Asexual Reproduction in Action

• Spores are being released into the air!

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• Sexually
• 2 different mating types come in to contact ()
  and (-)
• Make Gametangium
• Structure that makes gametes (haploid)
• 2 haploid gametes fuse make diploid zygote

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Classification of Fungi

• Classify by structure and reproduction methods
• 1. Phylum Zygomycota Common Molds
• Ex Bread Mold
• 2. Phylum Ascomycota Sac Fungi
• Cup Fungi, Yeasts
• 3. Phylum Basidiomycota Club Fungi
• Mushrooms
• 4. Phylum Deuteromycota Imperfect Fungi
• Catch all Ex Penicillium

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Life Cycle of Phylum Zygomycota
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Ascomycetes Life Cycle
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Phylum BasidiomycotaLife Cycle
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Ecology of Fungi

• Decomposers specifically, saprobes fungi that
  obtain food by breaking down dead and decaying
  organisms
• Symbiosis lichen (fungi and algae) and
  mycorrhizae (fungi and plant)
• Food for others mushrooms, cheese flavors
• Disease-causing
• Plant diseases Rusts, Root Rot
• Animal diseases -- Ringworm, Yeast
  infections, Athletes Foot