Perspectives with PANDA

1
Perspectives with PANDA

• The new accelerator complex of GSI
• The antiprotons activity
• The PANDA scientific program

Paola Gianotti LNF
2
FAIR the GSI future facility
Primary Beams

• 1012/s 1.5 GeV/u 238U28
• Factor 100-1000 present in intensity
• 2(4)x1013/s 30 GeV protons
• 1010/s 238U73 up to 25 (- 35) GeV/u

Secondary Beams

• Broad range of radioactive beams up to 1.5 - 2
  GeV/u up to factor 10 000 in
• intensity over present
• Antiprotons 3 (0) - 30 GeV

Storage and Cooler Rings

• Radioactive beams
• e A collider
• 1011 stored and cooled 0.8 - 14.5 GeV
  antiprotons

3
Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future
Facility
Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive
Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundam
ental symmetries
Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics -
Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon
degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral
symmetry Hypernuclear physics
Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma -
Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase
diagram Compressed nuclear/strange
matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry
Physics of Dense Plasmas and Bulk Matter - Bunch
Compression Properties of high density
plasmas Phase transitions and equation of
state Laser - ion interaction with and in plasmas
Ultra High EM-Fields and Applications - Ions
Petawatt Laser QED and critical fields Ion -
laser interaction Ion - matter interaction
4
HESR - High Energy Storage Ring

High luminosity mode
High resolution mode

• dp/p 10-5 (electron cooling)
• Lumin. 1031 cm-2 s-1

• Lumin. 2 x 1032 cm-2 s-1
• dp/p 10-4 (stochastic cooling)

5
PANDA Antiproton Physics Program
Inverted DVCS to extract parton distributions.
Proton form-factors at large Q2 up to 25
GeV2/c4. D-meson decay spectroscopy BR and decay
dalitz plots CP-Violation in the D/? sector.
6
Charmonium Physics

• ee- interactions

• - Only 1-- states are formed
• Other states only by secondary
• decays (moderate mass resolution)

• All states directly formed
• (very good mass resolution)

7
Exotic hadrons
The QCD spectrum is much rich than that of the
naive quark model also the gluons can act as
hadron components
The exotic hadrons fall in 3 general
categories
In the cc meson spectrum the density of states
is lower and therefore the overlap
8
Exotic hadrons
In the light meson region, about 10 states have
been classified as Exotics. Almost all of them
have been seen in pp...
9
Charmonium Physics
Charmonium spectrum, glueballs, spin-exotics
cc-glue hybrids with experimental results
Y(3943) enancement in J/?? mass spectrum both
four quarks state and charm- hybrid hypotesis
have been proposed
X(3872) first seen by Belle then confirmed by
others is hardly considered a cc state
From G.S. Bali, Eur. Phys. J A 19 (2004) 1
B-factories are abundant sources of data on
charmonium
10
Charmed Hybrids

• Flux tube-Model predicts H
• DD (c.c.) decays
• If mHlt4290 MeV/c2?
• GH lt 50 MeV/c2
• Some exotics can decay neither to DD nor to
  DDc.c.
• Small number of final states with small phase
  space

r00.5fm

• Gluonic excitations of the
• quark-antiquark-potential may lead to bound
  states
• LQCD
• mH 4.2-4.5 GeV JPC 1-

11
(No Transcript)
12
Mesons in nuclear matter
One of the fundamental question of QCD is the
generation of
MASS
The light meson masses are larger than the sum of
the constituent quark masses!
Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking seems to
play a decisive role in the mass generation of
light mesons.
How can we check this?
13
Hadrons in nuclear matter
Since density increase in nuclear matter is
possible a partial restoration of chiral symmetry

• Light quarks are sensitive to quark
  condensate

Evidence for mass changes of pions and kaons has
been observed

• Deeply bound pionic atoms

• Kaon-production environments

fp 0.78f p
14
Mesons in nuclear matter
Sub-threshold enhancement for D and D meson
production expected signal strong enhancement of
the D-meson cross section, relative D D-
yields, in the near/sub-threshold region.
15
Mesons in nuclear matter
GeV/c2 Mass

• The lowering of the DD thresh.
• allow Y ,cc2 charmonium states
• to decay into this channel

y(33S1)
4
y(13D1)
3.8
y(23S1)
3.6
cc2(13P2)

• states above DD thresh. would
• have larger width

cc1(13P1)
3.4
cc1(13P0)
3.2
y(13S1)
hc(11S0)
3
Predictions by Ye.S. Golubeva et al., Eur.Phys.J.
A 17,(2003)275
16
Double-Lambda Hypernuclei

• Use pp Interaction to produce a hyperon beam
  (t10-10 s) which is tagged by the antihyperon or
  its decay products

17
Production of Double Hypernuclei
Kaons
2. Slowing down and capture of X- in secondary
target nucleus
_
trigger
X
_
p
3 GeV/c
X-
X-(dss) p(uud) ? L(uds) L(uds)
1. Hyperon- antihyperon production at threshold
L
g
L
28MeV
3. g-spectroscopy with Ge-detectors
18
Other physics topics

• Reversed Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering and
  Drell-Yan
• processes to study GPD

19
Other physics topics

• Electromagnetic Form Factors of the Proton in
  the
• Time-Like Region from threshold up to 20
  GeV2/c4

• Precise measurement of cross-
• sections of esclusive final states
• with different nuclear targets for
• neutrino experiments

20
QCD systems to be studied at PANDA
21
General Purpose Detector

• Detector requests
• nearly 4p solid angle (partial wave analysis)
• high rate capability (2107 annihilations/s)
• good PID (g, e, m, p, K, p)
• momentum resolution (1)
• vertex info for D, K0S, L (ct 317 mm for D)
• efficient trigger (e, m, K, D, L)
• modular design (Hypernuclei experiments)

22
PANDA Detector (top view)
target spectrometer
forward spectrometer
DIRC Detecting InternallyReflectedCherenkov
light
straw tubetracker
mini driftchambers
muon counter
Solenoidal magnet
iron yoke
micro vertexdetector
electromagneticcalorimeter
Length 2 m upstream, 10 m downstream
23
Summary

• A new Hadron-Facility is underway in Europe
  FAIR _at_ GSI
• A wide experimetal physics program going from
  meson spectroscopy
• to hypernuclear physics etc. will be accessible
  with the new GSI
• antiproton beam
• New and interesting results will come in many
  fields thanks to the
• unprecedent characteristics of the beam and to
  the potentiality of the
• PANDA general porpose detector