Learning Objects for Web-Based and Web-Enhanced Instruction

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Learning Objects for Web-Based and Web-Enhanced
Instruction

• Mike Cipriani

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First, Some Background

• Whats the difference between web-based and
  web-enhanced instruction?

Web-based instruction involves educational
activities that take place exclusively via
computerized course delivery, generally through
the internet.
Web-enhanced instruction is when classroom
activities use computers, again generally the
internet, to augment the learning process.
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Three Important Definitions related to Web-Based
Web-Enhanced Instruction

• Information material communicated through a
  flow of messages to a learner
• Instruction information that is deliberately
  sequenced to create a learning opportunity
• Learning the cognitive processing of
  information by the learner

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• Web sites use Information and Instruction to
  stimulate learning

Web sites deliver information, instruction and
learning by using learning objects
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What is a Learning Object?

• The Learning Technology Standards Committee says
• "Any entity, digital or non-digital, that may
  be used for learning, education or training

For our purposes, this definition is too
B-R-O-A-D
We need something more specific.
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For This Context, What is a Learning Object?

• We will use Wileys definition
• Any digital resource that can be reused to
  support learning

Key Words in Wileys Definition Digital
available in electronic form readable and
manipulable by computer. Reused use again
after processing
Thus, we are narrowing our working definition of
Learning Objects to those used in web-based
web-enhanced instruction.
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Five Types of Learning Objects

• Fundamental
• Combined-Closed
• Combined-Open
• Generative-Presentation
• Generative-Instructional

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Fundamental

• An individual digital resource, usually a visual
  aid that conveys information
• Example A diagram of the internal parts of a
  computer

http//www.discount-computers-now.com/images/build
-your-own-computer-pic.jpg
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Combined-Closed

• A small number of digital resources combined with
  a single purpose and whose individual elements
  are not reusable from the object itself
• Example A video explaining how to install an
  IDE internal hard drive

http//www.youtube.com/watch?vbt7ve7IeAGE
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Combined-Open

• A large number of digital resources combined for
  a purpose whose elements are reusable as separate
  learning objects
• Example An informational web page

http//history.sandiego.edu/GEN/recording/computer
1.html
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Generative-Presentation

• A combination of learning objects in a specific
  structure that generates a presentation for
  instruction or reference
• Example A page of links to tutorials that
  together teach the Java programming language

http//java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/
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Generative-Instructional

• A combination of learning objects in a specific
  structure that generates an abstract
  instructional strategy and means to assess it
• Example A tutorial with interactive practice
  and quizzes for learning HTML

http//www.w3schools.com/html/
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References Additional Info.

• http//opencontent.org/wiki/index.php?titleLearni
  ng_Object_Metaphors
• http//www.eurodl.org/materials/contrib/2005/Santa
  lly.htm
• http//www.minddrops.com/Talks/innovations2002bost
  on.htm
• http//opencontent.org/docs/lo_do.pdf
• http//www.reusability.org/read/1
• http//technologysource.org/article/preparing_teac
  hers_to_use_learning_objects/
• http//www.uwm.edu/Dept/CIE/AOP/LO_what.html
• Grabowski, B. and Small, R. (1997). "Information,
  Instruction and Learning A Hypermedia
  Perspective". Performance Improvement Quarterly,
  10(1), pp.156-166