Biotechnology Notes

1
What do all these pictures have in common?

• Biotechnology Notes
• Chp. 13

2
Genetic EngineeringAKA Recombinant DNA or
transgenic organisms

• DNA is split(restriction enzymes) /new inserted

3
Applications of recombinant DNA

• Bacteria used to reduce frost damage to crops,
  break down pollutants, produce hormones and
  antibiotics
• Plants resistant to herbicides, increase protein
  content in grains
• Animals cloning of endangered species,
  replacement of genes which cause disorders

4
GM Foods
5
Transgenic plant
6
Cloning
Cloning is an asexual form of reproduction. All
the child's genes would come from a body cell of
a single individual
7
Dolly 1st clone
8
DNA fingerprinting

• DNA is exposed to restriction enzyme
• DNA loaded into a gel /electrophoresis machine
• Heavier pieces top/ light bottom
• Every person is genetically different, so DNA
  fingerprints are different except for identical
  twins.

9
DNA fingerprinting applications

• used to identify or eliminate suspects
• determine paternity of a child, or establish
  other family relationships
• identify a deceased person

Look at ws out passed out
10
Describe karyotyping

• Picture of chromosomes are taken matched up in
  pairs
• Humans 23 pairs of chromosomes in each cell
• Genetic disorders

11
Gene therapy

• Insertion of normal gene into human cell to
  correct genetic disorders
• Ex. cystic fibrosis
• Not very successful

12
Human Genome Project

• International effort to map sequence the human
  genome
• Approx. 25,000 genes on the 46 chromosomes
  (Gene segment of DNA that controls traits)
• Linkage map shows location of genes on
  chromosomes