Proposal GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOLAR ENERGY

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ProposalGRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOLAR ENERGY

• Le Chi Hiep
• Director, Program on Renewable Energy Energy
  Conservation (VNU-HCM)
• lechihiep_at_gmail.com
• United States - Vietnam Science and Technology
• Partnership Workshop
• Ho Chi Minh City, September 24, 2009

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1. GENERAL INFORMATION AND DATA
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• VIETNAMPopulation 85.8 millions (2009)
• Area 332,000km2Capital Hanoi

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Latitudes and Longitudes of several main
provinces/cities in Vietnam
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Mean Annual Sunshine Hours

• North 1800 2100 hours of sunshine a year, on
  average.
• South 2000 2600 hours of sunshine a year, on
  average.

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MONTHLY MEAN SUNSHINE HOURS (Hours/day)
Location HANOI (21o03N, 105o54E)
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MONTHLY MEAN SUNSHINE HOURS (Hours/day)
Location DANANG (16o03N, 108o12E)
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MONTHLY MEAN SUNSHINE HOURS (Hours/day)
Location HOCHIMINH City (10o45N, 106o41E)
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MONTHLY MEAN SOLAR RADIATION (kWh/m2/day)
Location HANOI (21o03N, 105o54E)
Annual Mean Solar Radiation 3.93kWh/m2/day
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MONTHLY MEAN SOLAR RADIATION (kWh/m2/day)
Location DANANG (16o03N, 108o12E)
Annual Mean Solar Radiation 4.85kWh/m2/day
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MONTHLY MEAN SOLAR RADIATION (kWh/m2/day)
Location NHA TRANG (12o15N, 109o11E)
Annual Mean Solar Radiation 5.15kWh/m2/day
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MONTHLY MEAN SOLAR RADIATION (kWh/m2/day)
Location HOCHIMINH City (10o45N, 106o41E)
Annual Mean Solar Radiation 5.2kWh/m2/day
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Location Ho Chi Minh City, April 28th, 2005
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Location Ho Chi Minh City, June 28th, 2005
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Location Ho Chi Minh City, March 5th,
2009(Total solar radiation, W/m2)
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Location Ho Chi Minh City, March 5th,
2009(Total solar radiation, W/m2)
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2. APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR ENERGY IN VIETNAM
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• Two main applications
• - Solar hot water
• - Solar photovoltaics

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2.1. SOLAR HOT WATER
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• Solar hot water has been developed since 1990. At
  the early period, it was very difficult to get
  the attention of the community.
• But, since around 1998, the number of installed
  solar hot water systems has gradually increased,
  especially in Ho Chi Minh city.

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• Currently, solar hot water has become one of
  products at high competition. That leads to the
  increase of the number of companies doing
  business in this field.
• But, there is so far no full industry referring
  to solar hot water. The main components of the
  system (solar collector,) are imported, mainly
  from China.

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• COMMENT
• Solar hot water has been developed very fast,
  especially in the southern parts of the country.
  Currently, it is easy to see solar hot water
  systems on roofs of many houses in Ho Chi Minh
  city.

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2.2. SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS
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2.2.1. RESEARCH

• Researches referring to solar photovoltaics have
  been done from around 1975.

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Early research interests

• Monocrystalline silicon
• Polycrystalline silicon
• Amorphous silicon

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Current research interests

• Determination of the light- induced degradation
  rate of the solar cell sensitized N719 on
  nanocrystalline TiO2 particles
• Thermal degradation kinetics of solar cell dye
  N719 bound to nanocrystalline TiO2 particles
• Fabrication of solar cells based on N719,
  D520-dyed nano-crystalline titanium dioxide and
  investigation of their performances
• Improvement of the Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
  Open-circuit Voltage by Electrolyte Additives and
  Cell Treatment with 4-tert-butylpyridine

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• The Relationship between Electrochemical
  Impedance Spectra and Photovoltaic Performance
  Characteristics during the Light and Thermal
  Ageing of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
• Effects of Electrolyte Additives on the
  Open-circuit Voltage of Dye-Sensitized Solar
  Cells
• Decomposition and degradation of dyes in solar
  cells under prolonged thermal and light ageing
• Dye-sensitized solar cell based on
  nano-crystalline titanium dioxide

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• Fabrication of solar cells based on titanium
  dioxide and organometallic dyes
• Grid connected systems

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• But, due to many difficulties, the research on
  solar photovoltaics is nearly activities of
  scientists in laboratory only.
• It has not exercised its influence on the society.

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2.2.2. APPLICATIONS

• In 1990, the first 300Wp-unit was installed at
  Can Gio district, Ho Chi Minh city.
• From 1994, solar photovoltaics has been expanded
  in the whole country.
• Currently, total installed photovoltaics is
  around 2MWp.

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• Installed locations
• - Rural areas (PV units were installed at more
  than 3000 houses, there have been around 8500
  families who can reach PV indirectly by using
  batteries charged from stations).
• - Cultural centers.
• - Medical centers.
• - Telecommunication units.
• - Traveling boats.

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• - Post offices
• - Ambulances.
• - Public lighting systems.
• - Traffic lighting systems.
• - Battery charging stations.
• - Schools.
• - Islands.

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2000Wp
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810Wp
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(No Transcript)
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• Main features of photovoltaic development in
  Vietnam
• - Most budgets funded by international
  organizations and several funded by national
  agencies (there is so far nearly no personal
  budget invested to set up the system).
• - It leads to unstable and unsustainable
  development.
• - All solar panels are so far imported.

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• Currently, there are only several companies doing
  business on photovoltaics in Vietnam.

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• Recently, a factory producing solar panels has
  been installed in Long An near Ho Chi Minh
  City.
• By planning, its expected capacity is 3MWp/year
  (first step) and 5MWp/year (next step).

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• COMMENT
• Solar photovoltaics has been almost done by
  projects and has been installed dispersedly.
  There have been only a few people who want to
  invest the photovoltaic system by their own
  budget.

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2.3. OTHER APPLICATIONS

• Solar Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
• Solar Drying
• Solar Cooking
• Solar Distillation

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• Main features of these applications
• - Not popular
• - Research phase
• - Low attraction of the community

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3. DETAILS OF THE SUBMITTED PROPOSAL
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3.1. TARGET

• To set up a graduate school on solar energy and
  on applications of solar energy

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3.2. EXPECTED OUTPUTS

• Degree of training programs
• Master
• Ph. D.
• Research activities
• Mainly in
• Solar photovoltaics
• Solar refrigeration and air conditioning
• Solar distillation
• Other applications in connection with solar
  energy.

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3.3. BASIC IDEAS

• Students mainly coming from Vietnam, but it is
  expected that the school can get the attention of
  students coming from other ASEAN countries.
• Language English
• Teaching staff and supervisors mainly coming
  from Vietnam and from the USA, some selected
  professors from other ASEAN countries can be
  invited.

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• Tuition fee
• In order to speed up the application of solar
  energy and to get the attention of students, the
  school should be one of the objects supported by
  the governments.
• Therefore, students pay a part of the fee only,
  the partners cover all the remains.
• Training form
• Master full time in Vietnam
• Ph. D. sandwich program

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4. COMMENT CONCLUSION
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• There is high potential to exploit solar energy
  in Vietnam.
• There is also high demand in increase the number
  of graduated students in this area.
• The government commits to speed up the
  application of renewable energy in Vietnam.

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FOR YOUR INFORMATION

• The draft of the decree on the means supporting
  the development of renewable energy has just been
  submitted to the government by the ministry of
  industry and commerce (Tuoi Tre daily newspaper,
  Sept. 8, 2009).
• Main contents of the draft of the decree
• - The government commits to exempt those who
  invest to develop the electric generation by
  renewable energy from taxes.
• - The price of electricity produced by
  renewable energy would be discussed to guarantee
  the investors rational benefit.

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CONCLUSION

• It is time to start to set up the school of solar
  energy.
• Hopefully this proposal can get the attention of
  the responsible organizations of the both sides.

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION