Todays Bell Work

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Todays Bell Work Turn to page 37 of the Creating
America text book and answer question 3 a. Word
of the Day Matrilineal
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• Todays Bell Work
• Turn to page 37 of the Creating America text book
  and answer question 3 a.
• Answer
• Inuit - Honor seals and whales
• Western - Ask for rain
• Aztec - Human sacrifices
• Pueblo - Kachina Dances
• Plaines - Sun Dances
• Southeastern - Green Corn Festival

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Matrilineal - Societies in which ancestry is
traced through the mother.
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Native American Cultural Regions
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The First Americans Most humans lived on the
continent of Asia A 1000 mile shallow body of
water between Russia and and Alaska, called the
Bering Straight dried up during the ice age. The
land under the water became a bridge from Asia to
N. America. Humans were hunters and needed to
follow the animals they ate. This is how the
first humans came to N. America.
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The First Americans The people who traveled
across the Bering Straight spread all over the
North American Continent. These people settled
in several different regions of N. America Each
of these regions took up a different culture or
similar way of life.
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People of the Arctic/Sub Arctic Major Tribes -
Inuits Food- Hunted moose, caribou, bear,
beavers, walrus, and whales. They also ate fish,
seal and berries, but did no farming. Houses- Buil
t plank houses, igloos, and sweat
houses. Clothing- Skins of moose, caribou,
rabbits and other animals. Leggings and moccasins
were often graced with quill or beadwork of
colorful, flowery designs.
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People of the Arctic/Sub Arctic Transportation- Te
rrain allowed for walking in moccasins in the
warm months and snowshoes in the winter. Canoes
and sleds were used in the warm months and
toboggans in the winter. Religion/Rituals and
Family Life - Powerful spirit life in animals and
nature. Animal spirits linked man to
animals. These people travels in large bands.
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People of the Northwest Coast Major tribes
Kwakiutls Coos Food- Hunted fish, whales and
other sea creatures. Used shells as
money. Houses- Longhouses made of
cedar. Clothing- Animal Skin, woven bark,
jewelry made of shells to show wealth.
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People of the Northwest Coast Transportation- Cano
es made from the trees to travel the Pacific
Ocean. Religion/Rituals and Family Life - Wealth
equaled respect. Families threw parties or
Potlatches to compete for the highest rank in
their village. At one potlatch a family gave away
8 canoes, 54 Elk skin, 2,000 silver bracelets and
33,000 blankets. Totem Poles were also built to
show wealth and respect to the gods of nature.
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People of California Major Tribes - Pomo Food-
Fish, sea mammals, deer, rabbits, squirrels,
porcupines, ducks and geese. Nuts and acorns,
which were grounded up into flour for
bread. Houses- (Depended on weather) Wooden
frames or Pit Houses (cold) Thatched Huts or
woven mats for walls and roofs so air could pass
though while blocking the sun. (warm) Clothing- An
imal Fur and woven bark
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People of California Transportation- Canoes by
water and when on land it was by
foot. Religion/Rituals Most well known for
the colorful weaved baskets they made. Family
Life Lived in large villages of at least 2,000.
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People of the Great Basin Major Tribes Shoshone
Utes Food- Hunted fish, rabbits, snakes,
birds. Gathered seeds, nuts berries and
insects. Houses- Round houses of wood around six
feet deep pit. Clothing-
Woven strips
of bark Sandals were made from fibers of the
Yucca plant. Animal fur, feathered skins
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People of the Plateau/Great Basin Transportation-
Foot was the main source of travel. Dogs would
pull all of their possessions as they moved from
place tpo place. Religion/Rituals and Family Life
Lack of food allowed for only small groups to
live together. Shaman conducted religious
ceremonies to natures spirits.
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People of the Southwest Major Tribes Hopi,
Apache, Pueblo, Navajo Food- Irrigation to dry
land provided farming of corn, beans and
squash. Houses- Pueblos built from stone and
adobe on cliffs, known as cliff dwellers, that
could only be reached by ladders. Clothing- They
raised cotton and wove it. The men wore
breechcloths and blankets and the women wore
blanket dresses. When the Spaniards introduced
sheep to the area, the Pueblo women began to
weave woolen clothing.
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People of the Southwest Transportation- Most
traveled by foot Horses were used after the
Spanish brought them to the Americas. Religion/Ri
tuals and Family Life Full-time religious
leaders with shrines or temples. Most believed
that in the universe there exists an Almighty, a
formless spiritual force that is the source of
all life. Women were held higher and owned most
family goods. Kiva in most houses was used for
religious ceremonies.
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People of the Great Plains Food- Hunted Buffalo,
antelope, elk, deer amd bighorn sheep Farmed
corn, beans, squash and sunflower Houses- Teepees
made of wooden poles covered with animal
hides. Clothing- Bison Skin and deerskin provided
people with clothing and footwear. Men wore their
hair in two long braids. The most courageous
chiefs won the right to wear headgear of eagle
feathers. They were like a general's stars or war
decoration.
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People of the Great Plains Transportation- Travele
d by foot and had dogs to pull their
supplies. Horses were used for long travel and
hunting. Religion/Rituals and Family Life The
Plains people believed in Manitou, the Great
Spirit. They also believed that the land had
been created by the Great Spirit for all to use
and everything on earth was sacred. Villages were
run by a Chief and a council of the most
successful hunters.
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People of the Southeast Major tribes -
Natchez Food- Hunted deer and small game and
fished. Farmed tobacco, squash, sweet potatoes,
melons, cabbage, peas and corn. Houses- Thatched
huts built of reed and bark raised off the ground
to keep snakes and swamp creatures
out. Clothing- Deerskin apparel. Women cut the
skins with flint knives or shells and sutured
them with animal sinew. Face painting and the
men's scalp lock (with shaven side hair) were
typical.
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People of the Southeast Transportation- Canoes
and by foot when on land. Religion/Rituals and
Family Life Green Corn Ceremony in honor of the
harvest. There were sun worship temples rites
were intricate and featured an altar of fire that
was extinguished and re-lighted annually. Known
as Mound Builders that built mounds for religious
purposes, burial sites, and storage of
valuables. Families organized from the Great Sun
down to commoners.
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People of the Eastern Woodland Major Tribes
Iroquois Food- Hunted deer and moose and other
game. Farmed corn pumpkin and squash. Houses- Seve
ral sorts of houses were built. The most popular
was likely the wigwam, a bark-covered structure
and the longhouse, home to several families.
Clothing- Deerskin apparel. Robes and mitten
made from rabbit and beaver fur, Decorated with
feathers, stones dyes.
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People of the Eastern Woodland Transportation- Bir
ch bark canoes On land, the natives traveled on
foot and bore their cargo on their backs
Religion/Rituals and Family Life Manitou, a
heroic figure who restored the world from mud
following terrible rains, were widely held.
Families were organized into clans named after
animals. Most known for the wars they fought.