tobacco

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THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

• To understand the dangers of smoking you need
  first to understand your breathing apparatus

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Function

• The exchange of gases between your body and
  environment

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LUNGS Spongy feeling organs. Each has lobes
right has 3 and the left has 2.
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• ESOPHAGUS
• Passageway to the stomach
• TRACHEA
• Passageway to the lungs (windpipe)
• LARYNX
• Voice box

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• TRACHEA- Divides into right and left BRONCHI
  which lead into the lungs.
• These tubes divide into smaller and smaller tubes
  called BRONCHIOLES.

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• ALVEOLI- Grape shaped sacs at the end of
  bronchioles where gas exchange takes place with
  capillaries.

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DIAPHRAGM Contracts when you inhale and ribs
are pulled upward and outward which enlarges the
chest cavity.
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Respiratory Problems

• Bronchitis
• Inflammation of the bronchi
• Symptoms
• Wheezing
• Shortness of breath
• Coughing

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Respiratory Problems

• Asthma
• Inflammatory condition in which the bronchioles
  become narrowed.
• Mucous lining around the lungs (pleura) swell
  causing difficulty in breathing

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Respiratory Problems

• Pneumonia
• Inflammation of the lungs caused by infectious
  organisms, such as bacteria and viruses

President William Henry Harrison Harrison died on
his 32nd day in office
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Respiratory Problems

• Tuberculosis
• Bacterial disease of the lungs usually passed on
  by air droplets
• Symptoms
• Fever
• Sweating
• Weakness
• Poor appetite
• Shortness of breath
• Severe coughing

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Respiratory Problems

• Emphysema
• Alveoli burst and blend together
• Normal gas exchange is disrupted
• Cannot be reversed
• Caused by breathing in pollutants over a long
  period of time.

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Respiratory Problems

• Lung Cancer
• Bronchi are irritated by smoke, cilia are
  destroyed and extra mucous cannot be expelled.
• Cancerous cells can grow in these conditions and
  block the bronchi.

Healthy Lung
Lung Cancer
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Effects of Smoking on Body

• Circulatory System
• Increases Pulse/HR
• Constricts blood vessels cuts down circulation
• Nicotine contributes to plaque buildup in blood
  vessels due to elevated BP
• Increases blood pressure

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Why do Teens smoke?

• Peer Pressure
• They feel insecure in social situations
• Think it makes them look older or cool
• Teens believe smoking is only hazardous to your
  health after many years of smoking, and that it
  is only a passing thing.
• Because their parents do it and its OK for them.

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At what age do most Teens begin smoking?

• 13

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How is smoking Harmful?

• It contains a stimulant (NICOTINE) which
  increases heart rate and blood pressure.
• NICOTINE is an addictive drug.
• Smoking is PHYSICALLY addicting.

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How Addictive is Nicotine

• About 80 of teenagers who smoke 2 or more
  cigarettes completelyand overcome the initial
  discomfort of smokingwill become regular
  smokers.
• Most adolescents believe they can stop smoking
  whenever they wish.

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How Addictive is Nicotine

• Nicotine, which is found in tobacco products, is
  more addictive than crack cocaine or alcohol
• 1 of 6 who experiment w/ crack will become
  addicted
• 1 of 10 who experiment w/ alcohol will become
  addicted
• 8 of 10 who experiment w/ tobacco will become
  addicted

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How is smoking Harmful?

• CARCINOGENS... cancer causing substances. There
  are 50 known in cigarette smoke.
• Tar is the primary cancer causing agent
• Smoke contains Carbon Monoxide a poisonous gas
  which takes the place of oxygen in the body

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How is smoking Harmful?

• It destroys the tiny air sacs (alveoli) in the
  lungs which eventually leads to emphysema.

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Secondhand Smoke

• Mainstream smoke is exhaled by the smoker
• Side stream smoke makes up about half of all
  secondhand smoke, comes from the burning tobacco

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How is Smoking Harmful?

• Smoking has other poisonous substances such as
  arsenic which is rat poison, plutonium which they
  use to create nuclear bombs, also propylene
  glycol which is anti-freeze.

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How is Smoking Harmful?

• Cigarettes also contain methanol which is used in
  rocket fuel.

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How is Smoking Harmful?

• Hexamine is another common ingredient in
  cigarette smoke which is most commonly used in
  barbecue lighter fluid.

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What else is in Cigarettes?

• Acetone (nail polish remover)
• Acetic Acid (vinegar)
• Ammonia (floor/toilet cleaner)
• Butane (lighter fluid)

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What else is in Cigarettes?

• Cadmium (rechargeable batteries)
• DDT/Dieldrin (Insecticides)
• Formaldehyde (embalming fluid)
• Hydrogen Cyanide (gas chamber poison)
• Methane (swamp gas)

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Smoking Statistics

• Smoking-related diseases claim an estimated
  440,000 American lives each year
• 4.5 million US teenagers are smokers
• 22.4 of high school seniors smoke on a daily
  basis

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Tobacco Use in Illinois-High school students
who smoke 29.2(210,600) -Male high school
students who use smokeless or spit
tobacco 11.3 (females use much lower) -Kids
(under 18) who become new daily smokers each
year 20,300 -Kids exposed to secondhand smoke
at home 773,000 -Packs of cigarettes bought or
smoked by kids each year 42.9 million -Adults
in Illinois who smoke 19.9 (1,894,900)
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Deaths in Illinois
Smoking
Smoking kills more people than alcohol, AIDS, car
crashes, illegal drugs, murders, and suicides
combined -- and thousands more die from other
tobacco-related causes -- such as fires caused by
smoking (more than 1,000 deaths/year nationwide)
and smokeless tobacco use. No good estimates are
currently available, however, for the number of
Illinois citizens who die from these other
tobacco-related causes, or for the much larger
numbers who suffer from tobacco-related health
problems each year without actually dying.
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Secondhand Smoke Facts

• Same poisons found in the air around toxic waste
  dumps.
• Kills about 3,000 nonsmokers each year from lung
  cancer
• Smoke causes up to 300,000 lung infections (such
  as pneumonia and bronchitis) in infants and young
  children each year.

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Health Effects of Tobacco Smoke on Children

• Increased risk for sudden infant death syndrome
  (SIDS)
• Acute respiratory infections
• Ear infections
• More severe asthma
• Smoking by parents causes respiratory symptoms
  and slows lung growth

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Warning Labels on Cigarettes
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European Warning Labels on Cigarettes
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What about chewing tobacco?

• This is what happens to long term users of
  chewing tobacco
• Leukoplakia forms

• Most cases will lead to cancer of the tongue,
  jaw, lip, etc..
• Also throat stomach cancer as well

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How much will an average smoker (2 Packs/Day _at_
4.59 /pack) spend on cigarettes?

• One week 64.00
• 1 month 257.00
• 1 year 3,084.00
• 4 years 12,338.00

• date 50
• Car payment 200
• Spring Break to an all inclusive resort for 2
  people 2,500
• College tuition for 4 years 50,000
• Healthy Lungs Priceless

Do You Think Tobacco is really worth it?
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What are some benefits to not smoking?

• sense of smell taste is better.
• having more endurance to do physical activity.
• use money for other things.
• unstained teeth and fingers
• reduced risk of disease.
• better smelling breath.

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Ways of quitting smoking??

• Change your daily routine which triggers your
  need for a cigarette.
• Avoid people who smoke or situations that cause
  you to smoke for a while.
• Chew gum or eat carrot sticks to curb oral
  fixation
• Develop a support group to help keep you honest

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Recovering from Smoking

• Within 20 minutes
• You stop polluting the air
• Blood pressure drops to normal
• Pulse rate drops to normal rate
• Temp. to hands and feet increases to normal
• 8 Hours
• Carbon monoxide level in blood drops to normal
• Oxygen level in blood increases to normal

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• 24 Hours
• Chance of heart attack decreases
• 48 Hours
• Nerve endings adjust to the absence of nicotine
• Ability to smell and taste is enhanced
• 72 Hours
• Bronchial tubes relax, making breathing easier
• Lung capacity increases

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• 2 Weeks to 3 Months
• Circulation improves
• Walking becomes easier
• Lung function increases up to 30
• 1-9 Months
• Coughing, sinus congestion, fatigue, and
  shortness of breath all decrease
• Cilia regrow in lungs, increasing ability to
  handle mucus, clean the lungs, and reduce
  infection
• Bodys overall energy increases

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• 1 Year
• Heart disease death rate is halfway back to that
  of nonsmoker
• 5 Years
• Heart disease death rate drops to rate of
  nonsmoker
• Lung cancer death rate decreases halfway back to
  that of nonsmokers
• 10 Years
• Lung cancer death rate drops almost to rate of
  nonsmoker
• Precancerous cells are replaced
• Incidence of other cancers decreases