The Periodic Table

1
The Periodic Table

• Unit IIPart 4

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The Father of the Periodic TableDimitri Mendeleev

• Mendeleev was the first scientist to notice the
  relationship between the elements
• Arranged his periodic table by atomic mass
• Said properties of unknown elements could be
  predicted by the properties of elements around
  the missing element
• Moseley later discovered that the periodic nature
  of the elements was associated with atomic
  number, not atomic mass

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The Periodic Table
Column Group or Family 18 columns on the
Periodic Table
Row Period 7 rows on the Periodic Table
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What does the information in the box tell me?

• 1
• H
• 1.008

Atomic Number of protons
Elemental Symbol
Atomic Mass of protons plus neutrons
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Metals, Nonmetals, and Semi-metals
Only nonmetal on the metal side
Nonmetals are on the right of the stair-step
Metals are to the left of the stair- step
Semi-metals, metalloids, touch the
stair-step
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The Groups of the Periodic Table

• Group 1 The Alkali Metals
• Most reactive metals on the PT
• Rarely found free in nature
• Charge of 11 valence electron
• Group 2 The Alkaline Earth Metals
• Still quite reactive
• Charge of 22 valence electrons

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T he Groups of the Periodic Table

• Groups 3-12 Transition Metals
• Found freely and in compounds in nature
• Charge is usually 2 but can varyusually 2
  valence electrons
• Group 13 Boron Family
• Charge is 33 valence electrons

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The Groups of the Periodic Table

• Group 14 The Carbon Family
• Contains elements that can form unusual bonds
  (carbon and silicon)
• Charge is 4 or -4contains 4 valence electrons
• Group 15 The Nitrogen Family
• Charge is -3contains 5 valence electrons

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The Groups of the Periodic Table

• Group 16 The Oxygen Family
• Also known as the chalcogens
• Charge is -26 valence electrons
• Group 17 The Halogens
• Most reactive nonmetals
• charge is -17 valence electrons
• Group 18 The Noble Gases (The Inert Gases)
• Nonreactive
• Charge is 02 or 8 valence electrons

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Special Rows on the PT
Lanthanides
Actinides