Basic Education in China

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Basic Education in China
Wang, Dinghua,PhD
Basic Education Department Ministry of Education,
PRC
2006
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China is developing country with a population
taking up one fifth of the worlds total. 367
million people are below 18.
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The Choice of China
Adopting the strategy of reinvigorating the
country through science and education
Converting the population pressure into huge
human resources
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• The Chinese Government has put forward the
  scientific development outlook of putting people
  in the first place and promoting the harmonious
  development of economy and society and the idea
  of building a socialist harmonious society.

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Great Achievement in Chinas Basic Education

• 95 of total population receives 9 year
  compulsory education.
• High school education grows up quickly.
• Curriculum reforms are undergoing pretty well.
• Teachers are respected.
• A series of educational laws promulgated and
  revised.

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• Pressing Challenges in
• Chinas Basic Education

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Inequity

• Although K-12 education in China has made
  significant advances, the overall development has
  been quite uneven and imbalanced. Obvious gaps
  exist between different schools. It can neither
  respond well to the needs of rapid socio-economic
  development, nor satisfy the aspiration of the
  broad masses for balanced basic education.

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International metropolitans like Beijing and
Shanghai
As a developing country, the urban-rural divide
is evident in China.
But in Vast rural areas, agriculture is still
chief industry
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Urgent demand for Quality

• Quality is the lifeline for education. Basic
  Education in some areas and many schools in some
  areas can not meet the increasing demand from
  the public for a high quality education.
• Parents have very high demand for high quality.
• High quality education not only refers to
  education with better infrastructure, but also
  refers to qualified teaching contingent, improved
  teaching process, better management, and proper
  philosophy of running schools.
• Teachers quality needs to be improved.

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Irrelevance
Curriculum must be more oriented and relevant to
students in the country-side.
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Examination-driven

• Although innovations are undergoing with entrance
  examinations into higher education institutions.
• Examination related subjects emphasized.
• Too much learning burden is faced up with
  students.

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Campaigns for basic education
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Compulsory Education
To universalize the 9-year compulsory education
in the entire country has great bearings on
Chinas modernization effort. It is both a grave
challenge and a task that must be carried out by
this interim government.
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• Curriculum Reform
• Conduct comprehensive reform of curriculum,
  textbook, in basic education.
• Leverage the excellent cultural and educational
  traditions of China as well as the advanced
  curricula, textbooks and teaching methods of the
  other countries.

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Objectives of new curriculum in China
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• 1. To understand Chinas history and her
  current status thus become ready to assume
  responsibilities for their personal and national
  development, in the meantime to respect other
  nations and their cultures and to be ready to
  participate in international development and
  communication

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• 2. To master the basic skills for reading,
  writing and arithmetic operation, basic knowledge
  for culture and science, necessary skills to
  express themselves and communicate with others,
  capacity to process information, to acquire basic
  labor skills, so that they can adapt effectively
  to the learning society

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• 3. To develop, through observation and
  experience, a scientific understanding of the
  environment, sustainable development and
  ecological ethics, and to be able to identify,
  analyze and solve problems in their daily life

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• 4. To understand and care for the society,
  to form appropriate moral values and behavioral
  habits, ready to serve the people and the
  community

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• 5. To develop sound self-consciousness and
  independent personality thus to take good care of
  life, learn to rationally plan for and assess
  ones own development and to cope with
  frustrations in the social life to be accustomed
  to engage in regular physical exercise and proper
  living habits

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• 6. To develop healthy interest for esthetic
  appreciation of the beauty of the nature,
  society, science and art to be inclined to join
  in different cultural activities.

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Math
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Chemistry
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Teacher preparation and professional development

• Build upon the current teachers training,
  attract more talented people to join the
  teachers profession. Implement the Gardeners
  Project
• Reward excellent teachers by every Teachers Day
• Set up codes of conduct of teachers

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• Improving the qualifications of teachers
• Laying much emphasis on the turning out of
  qualified teachers in the western part of China.

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Student learning

• Active learning
• Interactive learning
• Hands-on ability
• How to fish instead of giving fish

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Teaching Process

• Teaching reforms
• Classroom teaching
• Social participation
• Project oriented study
• Team work
• In teaching process, ICT is widely applied.

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• Teaching Assessment
• Grade instead of 100 marks
• More encouragement
• Qualities at all aspect are encouraged
• Continuous innovations toward entrance
  examination will be conducted

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Through introduction of computer labs,
satellite reception devices, CD-ROM playing
devices, and VCD and DVD materials, quality
educational resources will reach rural schools in
remote and poor areas.
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Model 1 DVD player at teaching points
From 2003 to 2007, DVD Players and various
teaching DVDs will be equipped for 110 thousand
rural teaching points, in order to provide
educational resources for 5.1 million pupils in
rural and mountainous areas.
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Model 2 Satellite receiving stations at all
rural primary schools
The satellite teaching receiving stations are
being built up in 384 thousand rural primary
schools so that the needs of 81 million rural
pupils to educational resources can be met. And
this job could help improve educational quality
and teacher level of rural primary schools.
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Model 3 Computer classrooms at all rural middle
schools
We are establishing 38 thousand computer
classrooms in 38 thousand rural middle schools so
as to deliver educational resources and
information technology to 31 million rural middle
schools.
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• Any nation belongs to the world. The
  Chinese nation enjoys a historical and cultural
  tradition not broken for 5,000 years. Education
  in China can not and will not sustain without the
  Chinese cultural traditions.

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Our collaboration and cooperation in the field
of education will bring us even closer.